Instructions to candidates
- Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided.
- Candidates will be penalized for incorrect spelling especially of technical terms and for use of slovenly language
- You are required to spend the first 15 minutes of the 1¾hours allowed for this paper reading the whole paper carefully before commencing your work.
- You are provided with solution labeled K
- Using the reagents provided test for the food substances found in solution K. Record the food you have tested for, procedure observation and conclusion in the table below (10mks)
Food substance Procedure Observation Conclusion -
- Name an enzyme that may be required to digest the food substance found in solution K in a human being. (1mk)
- State the name of the part of alimentary canal in which the enzyme named in (b)(i) above is found (1mk)
- Using the reagents provided test for the food substances found in solution K. Record the food you have tested for, procedure observation and conclusion in the table below (10mks)
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- Study photograph A below which shows a plant specimen and an associated sisal pole study and answer the questions that follow
- What name is given to the coiled part of the plant specimen shown in photographA? (1 mark)
- Name the type of response exhibited by the coiled part of the plant specimen in photograph A (1 mark)
- Specify the stimulus responsible for the response named in (a)(ii) above (1 mark)
- Explain how the response exhibited by the coiled part of the plant specimen in photograph A occurred (3 marks)
- State the biological significance of the response described in (iv) above to the survival of the plant (1 mark)
- Study photographs B1 and B2 below carefully and answer the questions that follow. The part in B2 was extracted from the specimen in B1
- Identify the agent of pollination of the specimen shown in the photographs above (1mark)
- Give a reason for your answer in (b)(i) above (1mark)
- Describe the pistil of specimen B1 (2 marks)
- What is the name given to the type of pistil found in specimen B1? (1 mark)
- Describe the external features of the leaves of the plant from which specimen B1 was obtained (3marks)\
- Study photograph A below which shows a plant specimen and an associated sisal pole study and answer the questions that follow
- The diagram below shows structures which occur in a mammalian kidney. Study the figure carefully and answer the questions that follow.
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- Name the parts marked ( 2 marks)
A.......................
D...................... - Identify the blood vessels labeled: ( 4 marks)
B.............................
C ...........................
G.............................
H.........................
- Name the parts marked ( 2 marks)
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- Name the filtrate labeled F ( 1 mark)
- Explain how the filtrate named in (b) (i) above is formed ( 3 marks)
- Explain the difference in structure E in a desert and a fresh water animal. (2 marks)
- Name the hormone which regulates reabsorption of sodium ions in the kidney tubules. (1 mark)
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CONFIDENTIAL
Each student will require the following:
- 10ml of 10% sucrose solution labeled K
- Access to iodine solution
- 2 mls of Benedict solution
- Access to dilute HCL
- Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate solution
- 2ml 10% Sodium Hydroxide
- 2ml 1% freshly prepared Copper Sulphate
- Source of heat
MARKING SCHEME
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Food substance Procedure Observation Conclusion Starch Put 1 ml of K add 2 drops of iodine No observable change Starch absent Reducing sugar To 1ml K add equal amount of Benedict solution and boil No observable colour /change of Benedict retained Reducing sugar absent Non-reducing sugar - To 1ml of K add 2 drops of diluted HCL and boil; - Cool and add NaHCO3 until fizzing stops;- Add equal volumes of Benedict solution and boilColour changes from blue to green to yellow /brown / orange Non – reducing sugars present Protein To 1ml of K add 1ml of NaOH followed by 2 drops of copper sulphate then shake Colour changes to purple/ violet Protein present -
- Sucrase (1mk)
- Ileum; accept small intestine
- Accept any correct adaptation (2mks)
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- tendrils
- Thigmotropism;
- Touch
- Contact causes lateral migration of auxins to the outer side of the stem. Since higher auxin concentration promotes faster growth in shoots, the greater auxin concentration in the outer part causes faster growth than the part in contact with the object hence the shoot continues to coil round the object.
- Helps the plant to obtain support.
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- Insect pollinated;
- it is brightly coloured and conspicuous petals
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- Ovary superior/hypogynous - Long white style
- Style braches near the tip - Red round stigma
- Polycarpous
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- Network of veins/reticulate
- Serrated margin
- Pointed apex
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- A- Medulla;
- D- Cortex;
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- B- Renal artery;
- C- Renal vein;
- G- Afferent arteriole;
- H- Efferent arteriole;
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- Glomerular filtrate;
- Formed by ultrafiltration; due to wider afferent arteriole and narrower efferent arteriole resulting in high pressure due to resistance in glomerular capillaries; the pressure causes filtration of substances having small molecules into the capsular space;
- E is longer in a desert animal to conserve water; and shorter in fresh water animal to facilitate elimination of excess water from the body;
- Aldosterone;
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