History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Mincks Group of Schools Mock Examinations 2022

Instructions to Candidates

1. This paper consists of three sections A, B & C
2. Answer to ALL questions must be written on the answer sheet provided
3. Choose any three questions in Section B and any two questions in Section C
4. Answer ALL questions in Section A

QUESTIONS

1. Identify the main source of history on the source history on the Kenyan communities during pre- colonial period (1mk)
2. Identify two communities in Kenya that comprises of Maa speakers (2mks)
3. Give the main similarities in the political organization of the Somali and Borana during the pre-colonial period (1mk)
4. Name two treaties that were signed to end slave trade along the coast of East African coast (2mks)
5. State one contributions made by early Christians missionaries in the field of early education in Kenya (1mk)
6. Give one advantage of dual citizenship to a Kenyan citizen (1mk)
7. State one provision of the National Accord and Reconciliation act of 2008 in Kenya (1mk)
8. Identify two ways through which direct democracy is practiced in Kenya (2mks)
9. Identify two rights of children contained in the Kenyan constitution (2mks)
10. Name two operational forts established by the British to enhance control of central Kenya (2mks)
11. Name the two sections of the Luo who collaborated with the British during colonial period (2mks)
12. Identify two ways through which land was acquired for white settlers in Kenya during the colonial period (2mks)
13. Who is the administrative head of the Kenyan parliament (1mk)
14. Identify one national philosophy adopted at independence to promote social justice in Kenya (1mk)
15. State one way in which the Kenyan has promoted music and dance in Kenya (1mk)
16. State two members of the county executive committees in Kenya (2mks)
17. Give one type of fund where revenue collected by the national government is deposited (1mk)

SECTION B – 45 MARKS- ANSWER ANY THREE QUESTIONS

18.                        
    1. What factors made the cushites to migrate into Kenya during the pre-colonial period (5mks)
    2. Explain five results of the interaction between the Bantu and Cushites in the pre-colonial period (10mks)
19.                  
    1. Identify three characteristics of the coastal city state from about 1000 -1500 AD (3mks)
    2. Explain six effects of the Portuguese rule on the East African Coast (12mks)
20.                  
    1. Outline three reasons of Somali resistance against the British rule in Kenya (3mks)
    2. Describe six negative effects of British colonial rule on the people of Kenya (12mks)
21.                    
    1. What were the demands of Ukamba members Association (3mks)
    2. Explain six factors which promoted African nationalist activities in Kenya after 1945 (12mks)  

SECTION C -30 MARKS ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION

22.                
    1. Give three conditions that a person should meet to qualify to be a Kenyan citizen by birth (3mks)
    2. Describe the rights of the accused person during trial in a court of law in Kenya (12mks)
23.                  
    1. State three types of elections held during the general elections in Kenya (3mks)
    2. Explain six ways in which the doctrine of parliamentary supremacy is exercised in Kenya (12mks)
24.                  
    1. State three sources of domestic revenue (3mks)
    2. Explain six reasons why the government of Kenya prepares a national budget (12mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. Identify the main source of history on the source history on the Kenyan communities during pre- colonial period.
   • Oral tradition
2. Identify two communities in Kenya that comprise of Maa speakers.
   • Samburu
   • Maasai
3. Give the main similarities in the political organization of the Somali and Borana during the pre-colonial period.
   • They both had a clan .
4. Name two treaties that were signed to end slave trade along the coast of East African coast. (2mks)
   • Monesty
   • Hammerton
   • Free- treaty
5. State one contributions made by early Christians missionaries in the field of early education in Kenya. (1mk)
   • They set up schools / encouraged Africans to go school
   • Thy taught Africans how to read and write
   • They taught Africans vocational skills
   • They wrote books /dictionaries
   • They translated the bible into African language.
6. Give one advantage of dual citizenship to a Kenyan citizen. (1mk)
   • A Person can work in either countries
   • One can choose to live in either countries
   • One is entitled to freedom provided in the constitution of either countries.
7. State one provision of the National Accord and Reconciliation act of 2008 in Kenya. (1mk)
   • A grand coalition government
   • Executive authority divided into ( PNU/ODM)
   • Creation of office prime minister.
8. Identify two ways through which direct democracy is practiced in Kenya. (2mks)
   • Re- call
   • Plebiscite
   • Referendum
   • Infinitive
9. Identify two rights of children contained in the Kenyan constitution. (2mks)
   • Right to education
   • Right to leisure /play
   • Right to participate in cultural /artistic activities
   • Right to expression
   • Right to access information
   • Right to parental care /protection .
10. Name two operational forts established by the British to enhance control of central Kenya. (2mks)
    • Fort smith /fort hall
    • Fort Dagorreti
11. Name the two sections of the Luo who collaborated with the British during colonial period. (2mks)
    • Luo of gem
    • Luo of Asembo
12. Identify two ways through which land was acquired for white settlers in Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks)
    • Through force
    • Through legislation
    • Through signing of treaties / peaceful means
    • Land was declared crown land which was leased.
13. Name the administrative head of Kenyan parliament. (1mk)
    • The clerk
14. Identify one national philosophy adopted at independence to promote social justice in Kenya. (1mk)
    • African socialism
    • Harambee
    • Nyayoism
15. State one way in which the Kenyan has promoted music and dance in Kenya. (1mk)
    • It has fought piracy
    • Encouraged people to participate in annual music events
    • Allocate funds to musicians
    • Training of traditional dances at Bomas of Kenya.
16. State two members of the county executive committees in Kenya (2mks)
    • County governor
    • Deputy governor
    • Members ( not exceeding 10 ) appointed by the county governor .
17. Give one type of fund where revenue collected by the national government is deposited. (1mk)
    • Consolidated fund
    • Contiqiencies
    • Equalization
    • Revenues funds for county governor
18.                          
    1. What factors made the cushites to migrate into Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (5mks)
       • Hostile neighbours in their homeland
       • Feuds and family conflicts
       • Search for pastures for their livestock
       • Natural calamities by drought
       • Population pressure
       • Spirit of adventure
         5x1= 5mks
    2. Explain five results of the interaction between the Bantu and Cushites in the pre-colonial period. (10mks)
       • Intermarriages which strengthened relationships between communities
       • The Bantus and cushites raided each other for cattle and this led to lose of property /lives /warfare increased.
       • The cushites attacked the Bantu which led to further migration /displacement of some communities.
       • The cushites and Bantu exchanged some goods and this led to development of trade.
       • Some Bantu copied some customs of the cushites such as circumcisions and age set system.
       • Some Cushite groups were absorbed /assimilated by the Bantu .
19.                  
    1. Identify three characteristics of the coastal city state about 1000 -1500 AD. (3mks
       • Language of communication was Kiswahili
       • Islam was the common religion
       • There existed a class system in ruling class, middle class-lower class.
       • Use of Islamic architecture where the rich lived in stone built houses
       • Each city state was headed by sheikhs/sultans.
    2. Explain six effects of the Portuguese rule on the East African Coast. (12mks)
       • Introduction of new crops such as maize
       • Introduction of new architectural designs /ports
       • Absorption of Portuguese words into Kiswahili .
       • Disruption of Indian Ocean trade.
       • Establishment of close links between Kenya /India .
       • Introduction of guns and other weapons along the coast leading to slave trade.
       • Decline of many coastal towns of Gedi .
       • They built fort Jesus and vasco Da gama pillar which became historical monuments .
20.              
    1. Outline three reasons of Somali resistance against the British rule in Kenya. (3mks)
       • The Somali were opposed to the division of Somali land into British and Italian spheres of influence which separated the clans.
       • They were opposed to punitive expectations sent against them by the British.
       • The Somali people being Muslims were exposed to being controlled by the British who were Christians.
       • British attempted to stop the Somali raiding activities against the neighbours.
       • They were against British control of their pasture land and watering points
       • The British wanted the Somali to drop their nomadic way of life.
    2. Describe six negative effects of British colonial rule on the people of Kenya. (12mks)
       • Colonial rule led to the loss of political /independence
       • Creation of reserves for Africans led to the emergence of squatters .
       • Introduction of taxation to Kenyans
       • Creation of colonial boundaries , split communities and affected their social cohesion .
       • Africans in Kenya lost their land to Europeans settlers leading to landlessness.
       • colonial rule undermined African cultural practices .
       • Introduced segregation /colour which created divisions among Kenyans.
       • Led to introduction of Kipande system .
       • Loss of lives resulting from harsh British colonial rule.
       • Destroyed traditional African political systems replacing them with appointed leaders.
21.                    
    1. What were the demands of Ukamba members Association? (3mks)
       • They were against the destocking policy as demanded by the government
       • Heavy taxation
       • Forced labour
       • Land alienation . 3x1=3mks
    2. Explain six factors which promoted African nationalist activities in Kenya after 1945. (12mks)
       • Experience of the African ex- soldiers during the WWII
       • Constitutional amendment
       • World war II African ex- soldiers were not rewarded with land like their British counter parts.
       • Attainment of independent of India and Pakistan in 1947
       • Spread of western Education which ma Africans understand their visits.
       • Pan – Africanism spirit encouraged Africans to liberate themselves.
       • Emergence of two super powers after 1945.
       • Trade union movement educated people on their rights .
       • The rise of maumau movement
       • UNO asked colonial powers to grant political independence o colonies.
22.                  
    1. Give three conditions that a person should meet to qualify to be a Kenyan citizen by birth. (3mks)
       • If the father of mother of the person is a Kenyan citizen.
       • A child found in Kenya is less than 8 years of age and whose nationality and parents are not known.
       • A former Kenyan citizen by birth who re – applies to regain Kenyan citizenship.
         3x1=3mks
    2. Describe the rights of the accused person during trial in a court of law in Kenya. (12mks)
       • The accused person is presumed to be innocent until proven guilty.
       • He /she should be informed of the charges with sufficient details so as to prepare their defense.
       • On should be present in court when court proceeding are taking place.
       • One should be given a chance to plead for leniency
       • One should not be forced to give evidence against one self
       • One should be allowed to be heard /defend one self.
       • One should be allowed to appeal against the ruling
       • Have the trial begin and be concluded with few days .
       • Remain silent and not testify during the proceedings
       • Assistance of an interpreter so as to understand the language used
       • Right to legal representation.
23.              
    1. State three types of elections during the general elections in Kenya. (3mks)
       • Presidential elections
       • Senatorial elections
       • Gubernatorial elections
       • Ward representative to county assembly
       • Election of women representatives.
    2. Explain six ways in which the doctrine of parliamentary supremacy is exercised in Kenya. (12mks)
       • A parliament is the only law making body
       • Parliament has terminative powers and can send the executive home by passing a vote of no confidence / impeachment
       • It approves government revenue and expenditure
       • Cabinet secretaries are required to answer questions in parliament over functions of their ministries.
       • The judiciary and executive are controlled by laws made in parliament.
       • Mps are immune to prosecution for whatever they discuss in the floor of the parliament
       • Parliament can declare war and state of parliament emergency.
24.              
    1. State three sources of domestic revenue. (3mks)
       • Direct taxes – mainly from peoples salaries
       • Indirect taxes – levied on goods and services and but with approval from the parliament.
    2. Explain six reasons why the government of Kenya prepares a national budget. (12mks)
       • To enable the government to prioritize its development needs
       • For prudent expenditure /to minimize wastage.
       • To enable the government to identify ways of raising revenue for its programmes .
       • To develop confidence among development partners
       • To ensure transparency and accountability in government expenditure
       • To give an opportunity to parliament to scrutinize expected expenditure
       • To provide an opportunity for self-assessment of economic performance
       • It acts as a source of information for investors.