History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Form 3 Term 3 Opener Exams 2021

Instructions to Candidates

• This paper consists of three sections; A, B and C
• Answer ALL questions in Section A, three questions from Section B and two questions from section C.
• All questions should be answered in English

QUESTIONS

SECTION A (25 Marks)

1. What is a manuscript?                                                                                                     (1mark)
2. Name one prehistoric site in Kenya where religious practices of the new Stone Age man have been discovered.(1mark)
3. Name two communities in Kenya that belong to the Eastern Cushites.                   (2marks)
4. Give the main political importance of the age- system during the pre-colonial period.    (1mark)
5. Name two written documents that provide information about the East African Coast before the 7th Century. (2marks)
6. State one way in which the presidency promotes unity in Kenya.                               (1mark)
7. Identify two aspects of a democracy.                                                                      (2 marks)
8. Give one way of promoting the rights of people with disabilities.                                (1 mark)
9. Give two causes of the Agiriama resistance in pre-colonial period.                              (2 marks)
10. Name one educational commission in colonial Kenya.                                                (1 mark)
11. Give two characteristics of independent churches and schools in colonial Kenya  (2 marks)
12. Give one aim of Kenya African Union (KAU) in colonial Kenya.                    (1 mark)
13. State two roles of trade unions in the struggle for independence in Kenya.          (2 marks)
14. Give the main objective of the Second Lancaster House Conference of 1962. (1 mark)
15. Give two types of elections in Kenya.                                                     (2marks)
16. Identify the highest court in Kenya.                                                       (2 marks)
17. Name the document where acts of parliament are published.                    (1 mark)

SECTION B (45Marks)

18.    
    1. Name three communities that belong to the highland Bantu.                             (3marks)
    2. Describe the political organization of the Nandi during the pre-colonial period.    (12 mks)
19.      
    1. Give three reasons why Britain championed the abolition of slave trade.       (3marks)
    2. Explain six factors that promoted the development of International trade in East Africa during the 19th Century.       (12 marks)
20.    
    1. Give five factors that promoted urbanization in colonial Kenya.                          (5 marks)
    2. Explain five positive effects of urbanization during colonial period in Kenya (10 marks)
21.    
    1. Give three factors that facilitated the activities of Mau Mau in Kenya.           (3 marks)
    2. Explain six roles played by women in the Mau Mau movement.         (12 marks)

SECTION C ( 30 marks)

22.    
    1. Name three composition of Kenya Defence Force  (3marks)
    2. Give six reasons why parliament is supreme.        (12marks)
23.    
    1. Give three political rights of every citizen.            (3 marks)
    2. Describe six features of Kenya Independence Constitution.(1962)    (12 marks)
24.    
    1. Give three importance of national integration.                                (3 marks)
    2. Describe six values of Good Citizenship in Kenya.                                     (12 marks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A

1.  
   • It is an author’s handwritten or typed text that has not been published. 1 point each1 mark =1mark
2.      
   • Hyrax Hill
   • Njoro River Cave                                                              1 point each1 mark =1mark
3.    
   • Borana
   • Somali
   • Oromo
   • Gabra
   • Rendille
   • Burji                                                                                2 points each1 mark =2marks
4.    
   • It provided a class of warriors that defended the community    1 point each1 mark =1mark
5.    
   • Graeco- Roman documentary
   • The Periplus of the Erythrean Sea
   • Ptolemy’s Geography
   • Arab documents/Swahili chronicles
   • Christian Topography                                                          2 points each1 mark =2marks
6.    
   • It symbolizes the aspirations/hopes of the people                 1 point each1 mark =1mark
7.    
   • Economic aspect
   • Social aspect
   • Political aspect                                                                     2 points each1 mark =2marks
8.    
   • Providing access to educational facilities tailored for persons with disabilities
   • Providing reasonable access to all places/wheel chairs/ ramps
   • Providing sign language and Braille
   • Providing devices such as hearing aids, magnifying lenses, calculators, white cane
     1 point each1 mark =1mark
9.    
   • Forceful conscription to the King’s African Rifles (KAR)
   • Abuse of Agiriama culture
   • Forced labour
   • Forced payment of taxes
   • Africans disliked the British- appointed headmen
   • Massive land alienation                                 2 points each1 mark =2marks
10.    
    • Fraser commission
    • Phelp Stoke commission                                 1 point each1 mark =1mark
11.      
    • They accommodated African cultural values
    • They were against westernizing influence by missionaries
    • Africans held positions of leadership
    • Most of them worked closely with African political associations
      2 points each1 mark =2marks
12.      
    • Assist Mathu in his new task in the LegCo
    • Provide a multi- ethnic organization for advancement of African citizens
    • Advocate for more constitutional reforms for Africans
    • Articulate for a better living and working conditions for Africans
      1 point each1 mark =1mark
13.      
    • They opposed colonial rule
    • They raised peoples political awareness
    • They filled vacuum created by the banning of political organizations after 1952
    • They provided a training ground for leaders
      2 points each1 mark =2marks
14. To draw Kenya’s independence constitution                       1 point =1mark
15.    
    • By elections
    • General elections                                                   2 points each1 mark =2marks
16. Supreme court                                                                                  1 point =1mark
17. The Kenya Gazette                                                                         1 point =1mark

SECTION B

18.    
    1.    
       • Agikuyu
       • Aembu
       • Ameru
       • Mbeere                                                               3 points each1 mark =3marks
    2.      
       • Divided into political units known as bororiet
       • Each Pororiet was made up of several clans each administered by council of elders called Kok
       • The council of elders administered justice and law and order and settled disputes
       • The council of elders advised warriors and their decisions were final
       • Leadership was based on age grades where each performed a specific administrative role
       • Young men joined the junior warrior class after circumcision and their duty was to defend the community.
       • Had office of the Orkoiyot who was the central authority and a unifying factor.
       • Priests and religious leaders, medicine men were consulted before important decisions were made.
         6 points each2 marks =12marks
19.      
    1.      
       • They wanted free labourers to produce cheap raw materials for her industries
       • They wanted freed slaves to provide market for their processed goods
       • Machines were preferred as they were more efficient than human labour
       • The influence from British public opinion/humanitarians that campaigned for equality of all human beings
       • Arguments by British Economists such as Adam Smith that free people were more productive than slaves.
         3 points each1 mark =3marks
    2.        
       • The already existing trade links between East African Coast and the Far East
       • The existence of regional trade that provided goods from the interior
       • Seyyid Said encouraged the trade by signing treaties with foreign traders
       • The Arab and Swahili traders were provided security to the interior
       • The Sultan levied a uniform custom duty of 5% throughout East Africa that encouraged trade
       • The introduction of currency such as copper coins boosted exchange
       • The Indian Banyans/ Money lenders provided credit facilities to caravan traders
       • The availability of goods locally and internationally
       • The availability of deep harbours and attractive beaches lured many foreign traders
       • The existence of a class of wealthy merchants
       • The existence of specific trade routes and markets facilitated exchange
       • The Sultan identified the British as the sole trading agents thus reducing competition that would have led to decline of regional trade.
       • High demand for trade items in the outside world.          
         6 points each2 marks =12marks
20.      
    1.    
       • Construction of the Uganda railway led to emergence of urban centres
       • Asians established shops( dukas) at different points
       • Colonial government established administrative posts
       • The commercialization of agriculture to large scale necessitated market centres
       • Development of agro-based industries attracted many labourers
       • Mining activities drew many people                                       
         5 points each1 mark =5marks
    2.    
       • It led to increased nationalism due to interaction of diverse ethnic and racial groups in urban centres
       • It promoted national integration through contact between people of different ethnic roots
       • Led to the formation of welfare organizations that addressed the needs of African workers
       • It led to improved relationships between different ethnic groups through sporting and cultural activities
       • It led to employment of Africans in industries, European homes and small scale businesses
       • It led to expansion of industries due to availability of large scale labour force and abundant raw materials concentrated in urban areas.                     
         5points each2 marks =10marks
21.      
    1.    
       • Oathing that helped to unite the fighters
       • The use of guerilla tactics making it difficult for the British to suppress the rebellion
       • The civilian population supplied the fighters with food and equipment
       • They had courageous leaders who had both fighting skills and inspiration
       • The natural forests of the Aberdare and Mount Kenya provide good hideouts to the fighters
       • The fighters accessed guns and ammunition some homemade and others seized from Europeans.  
         3 points each1 mark =3marks
    2.      
       • They participated in active resistance as warriors for example Marshal Muthoni
       • They organized and coordinated rural networks
       • They supplied the fighters with provisions such as food, medicine, guns and ammunition, shoes and clothing
       • They acted as spies as they gathered vital information about colonial forces and passed on to the fighters
       • They composed inspirational songs
       • They mobilized men and women to join the movement
       • They participated in oathing ceremonies
       • They refused to betray the fighters and became subjects of rape and physical torture from colonial agents 
         6 points each2 marks =12marks

SECTION C

22.    
    1.    
       • Kenya Army
       • Kenya Air Force
       • Kenya Navy        3 points each1 mark =3marks
    2.      
       • It is the only body that makes, amends and repeals laws.
       • It can limit the powers of the executive through an amendment of the constitution
       • It can pass a vote of no confidence on the government and force the President and the Cabinet to resign.
       • Cabinet secretaries are accountable to Parliament
       • Bills prepared by the cabinet have to be legislated by parliament
       • Parliament approves the government revenue and expenditure.
       • Parliamentary immunity
         6 points each2 marks =12marks
23.      
    1.    
       • The right to take part in the conduct of public affairs directly or through representation
       • The right to make political choices through free, fair and regular elections
       • The right to be registered as a voter
       • The right to vote and be voted for
       • Right to form or join a political party.      
         3 points each1 mark =3marks
    2.      
       • It had a bicameral legislature made of Senate and House of representatives
       • It established regional governments with regional assemblies and presidents
       • It provided for protection of the rights of minority
       • It provided for Independent Judiciary
       • It provided for Civil service free from political interference
       • It provided for a Electoral commission to conduct elections
       • It was based on the Westminster parliamentary system of governance
       • The head of the government was to be the prime minister. He was to be appointed by the Governor who was among the officials of the Lower House
         6 points each2 marks =12marks
24.        
    1.    
       • Enhances conditions favourable for peace and prosperity
       • Promotes national unity
       • Promotes the achievement of rapid economic and social development
       • Eliminates and reduced inter-community conflicts and suspicion
       • Enhances nationalism and patriotism
       • Creates favourable investment conditions to attract foreign investments.
         3 points each1 mark =3marks
    2.    
       • Patriotism
       • Nationalism
       • Morality
       • Intergrity
       • Ethics
       • Thrift
         6 points each2 marks =12marks