History Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Form 3 End Term 3 2022 Exams

QUESTIONS

SECTION A :( 25MKS)
Answer all questions in this section.

1. State two methods used in dating historical material. (2marks)
2. Give two reasons for studying Government in school. (2marks)
3. Define oral tradition as a source of history. (1mark)
4. Give one reason why Africa is regarded as the cradle of mankind. (1mark)
5. State two aspects of culture of the early man that originated in the late stone-age. (2marks)
6. Name two river valleys where Agriculture developed in south west Asia. (2marks)
7. State two effects of food shortages in Africa. (2marks)
8. State one method of trade. (1mark)
9. Give two characteristics of regional trade. (2marks)
10. State two disadvantages of using coal as a source of industrial energy. (2marks)
11. State one feature found in Ancient Athens. (1mark)
12. Name the company that was used by the British to administer West Africa. (1mark)
13. Which African leader signed the Lochner treaty 1890. (1mark)
14. Give two reasons why indirect rule failed in southern Nigeria. (2marks)
15. Identify one political effect of the partition of Africa. (1mark)
16. State one economic effect of direct rule in Zimbabwe (1mark)
17. Give one reason why Ghana achieved independence earlier than other African states. (1mark)

SECTION B:(45MKS)
Answer any three questions from this section.

18.                  
    1. State five physical changes which occurred in early human beings as they evolved from Apelike to modern man. (5marks)
    2. Explain five aspects of culture of the early human beings during the middle stone –age. (10marks)
19.                  
    1. State five factors that led to agrarian revolution in the U.S.A. (5marks)
    2. Explain five effects of agrarian revolution in U.S.A. (10marks)
20.                    
    1. Give five ways in which slaves were acquired during the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. (5marks)
    2. Explain five economic results of the Trans –Atlantic Slave Trade in West Africa. (10marks)
21.                    
    1. State five economic activities of the Shona during the pre-colonial period. (5marks)
    2. Describe the political organization of the Shona during the pre-colonial period. (10marks)

SECTION C :( 30MKS)
Answer any two questions from this section.

22.                        
    1. State three disadvantages of Television as a medium of communication. (3marks)
    2. Explain six positive benefits of Telecommunications in the modern world. (12marks)
23.                
    1. Give three reasons why Lewanika collaborated with the British during the colonization of Africa. (3mark)
    2. Explain six results of Lewanika’s collaboration with the British. (12marks)
24.                  
    1. State three privileges which were enjoyed by assimilitated Africans in the four communes of Senegal. (3marks)
    2. Explain six results of the French policy of assimilation in Senegal. (12marks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. State two methods used in dating historical material. (2marks)
   • Radio carbon 14dating
   • Pottassium organ dating
   • Stratigraphy
   • Geological dating
   • Palaeo magnetic
   • Lexico statistics
   • Statistics 2x1=2mks
2. Give two reasons for studying Government in school.
   • Develops sense of patriotism/National pride.
   • Informs us about world citizenship.
   • Promotes international consciousness.
   • Learner becomes a responsible citizen.
   • Makes us aware of our rights and obligations.
   • To understand how the three arms of government operate.
   • It introduces learners to democratic principles.
   • Appreciate the constitution and constitution making process.
   • To appreciate why we need government. 2x1=2mks
3. Define oral tradition as a source of history
   • Information that is communicated by word of mouth from one generation to another.1x1=1mk
4.  Give one reason why Africa is regarded as the cradle of mankind.
   • Climate in Africa supported abundant plants and animals life.
   • Man’s earliest material cultures have been found in Africa.
   • The all seasons rivers in Africa. 1x1=1mk
5. State two aspects of culture of the early man that originated in the late stoneage.
   • Wearing animal skins /necklaces and belts.
   • Painted his body with ochre and oil
   • He became religious.
   • Painted caves.
   • Developed speech.
   • Developed government.
   • Buried the dead.
   • Developed trade.
   • Lived in huts.
   • Developed education.
   • Developed microlithic tools. 2x1=2mks
6. Name two river valleys where Agriculture developed in south west Asia.
   • Euprates
   • Tigris 2x1=2mks
7. State two effects of food shortages in Africa
   • Deaths
   • Malnourished /weak people.
   • Theft /raids.
   • Migration of people.
   • It affects agricultural industries. 2x1=2mks
8. State one method of trade.
   • Barter
   • Currency.
9. Give two characteristics of regional trade.
   • Involved middlemen
   • Involved people who were specialized.
   • Covered long distances.
   • No set market day.
   • Large volume of commodities.
   • Many people. 2x1=2mks
10. State two disadvantages of using coal as a source of industrial energy.
    • Bulky to transport.
    • Pollution.
    • Nonrenewable.
    • High cost of mining.
    • Not readily available. 2x1=2mks
11. State one feature found in Ancient Athens
    • Built on hills.
    • There was the king’s palace/cities /acropolis.
    • Center of Athens was a market (Agora)
    • Beautiful temples e.g Parthenon.
    • Gymnasium for games and gathering.
    • Has four sitial classes.
    • Poor sanitation. 1x1=1mk
12. Name the company that was used by the British to administer west Africa.
    • Royal Niger Company. 1x1=1mk
13. Which African leader signed the Lochner treaty 1890.
    • Lewanika.
14. Give two reasons why indirect rule failed in southern Nigeria.
    • It lacked centralized administration.
    • Africa chiefs feared erosion and loss of the traditional authorities.
    • Educated Africans opposed the use of traditional chief who were illiterate.
    • Existence of many ethnic and religions in the south.
    • Use of unpopular African rulers /puppets.
    • Introduction of forced labour and direct taxation made the system un popular.
    • Misuse of power by the warrant chiefs who raised taxes for their own use.
    • communication barrier between the British supervisor , chief and people often led misunderstanding.
    • Failure of British administration to fully understand how the social, economic and political structure of southern Nigeria worked. 2x1=2mks
15. Identify one political effect of the partition of Africa.
    • Creation of boundaries in Africa.
    • European administrative system introduced.
    • Decline of some kingdoms
    • Loss of independence.
    • Ethnic differences emerged. 1x1=1mk
16. State one economic effect of direct rule in Zimbabwe
    • Loss of land by Africans
    • Forced labour and taxation on Africans.
    • Introduction of cash crops by settlers. 1x1=1mk
17. Give one reason why Ghana achieved independence earlier than other African states.
    • Large number of educated Africans.
    • Able leadership by Kwame Nkuruma.
    • Support from panAfrican movement.
    • Small presence of European settlers in Ghana.
    • Economic development brought by the cultivation of cocoa provided funds to African Nationalists.
    • Ghana was a small country well served with good transport communication. 1x1=1mk
18.                
    1. State five physical changes which occurred in early human beings as they evolved from Apelike to modern man.
       • Man developed a large brain than apes.
       • He developed speech.
       • He developed a thumb to grasp objects and make tools.
       • Developed a short feet and straight forehead.
       • He walked on two legs /Bipendal.
       • His teeth and jaws became smaller /smaller canines.
       • Reduced body hair /fur.
       • He became taller and slender.
       • Upright posture. 5x1=5mks
    2. Explain five aspects of culture of the early human beings during the middle stone –age.
       • He made tools and weapons known as Acheulian.
       • Meat was his chief food. He hunted large animals like elephants.
       • He ate vegetables ,fruits, insects, eggs and fish.
       • He cooked his food.
       • He invented fire.
       • He started wearing animal skins, necklace and painted his body with red ochre and oil.
       • Man started living in caves and shelters even at night.
       • Lived in groups of 50 people and had a leader.
       • Started burying the dead.
       • Developed a language of communication
       • Painted pictures of the animals he hunted on the walls of the cave. 5x2=10mks
19.          
    1. State five factors that led to agrarian revolution in the U.S.A.
       • Immigrants from Britain introduced new farming methods in America.
       • Availability of land for farming.
       • Government recognition of individual ownership of land.
       • Granting of financial aid to farmers to buy and develop land.
       • Supply of labour from slaves.
       • Mechanization of agriculture.
       • Development of food preservation methods e.g canning and refrigeration.
       • Development of good transport.
       • Increase in population created demand for more food.
       • Scientific research in agriculture led to better breeds of crops and animals.
       • Demand for raw materials by European industries. 5x1=5mks
    2. Explain five effects of agrarian revolution in U.S.A.
       • Agrobased industries expanded.
       • Development of infrastructure e.g roads and railways.
       • Mechanization was widely used replacing slave labour.
       • Agricultural products were exported to Europe and Asia increasing trade.
       • America has given food relief to many 3rd world countries.
       • Gave rise to black American communities as Africans were taken to work in the plantation in America.
       • Health improved and population increased.
       • Unemployment as a result of introduction of machines in farms. 5x2=10mks
20.            
    1. Give five ways in which slaves were acquired during the TransAtlantic Slave Trade.
       • Exchange with European goods.
       • Prisoners of war and criminals were sold as slaves.
       • Kidnapping
       • Children were enticed with sweets
       • Raiding.
       • Debtors sold as slaves. 5x1=5mks
    2. Explain five economic results of the Trans –Atlantic Slave Trade in West Africa.
       • Destruction of property caused by slave raiding.
       • Underdevelopment of West Africa due to drain of human labour.
       • New products spread in West Africa and Africans developed a taste for western manufactured goods such as clothes, wines and glassware.
       • Some states like Asante and Fante became powerful after acquiring wealth from this trade.
       • Some individuals in Africa became wealthy as a result of the trade e.g Jasa of Opobo and Samori Toure of Mandinka.
       • Decline of local industries like iron smelting, leather and pottery as a result of importation of cheap manufactured goods from Europe.
       • It led to decline of TransSaharan trade.
       • Development of towns such as Lagos, Dakar, Elmina etc.
       • Over exploitation of African resources. 5x2=10mks
21.                  
    1. State five economic activities of the Shona during the precolonial period.
       • Cultivation of land.
       • Traders
       • Hunting and gathering
       • Livestock keeping
       • Mining
       • Craft making 5x1=5mks
    2. Describe the political organization of the Shona during the precolonial period.
       • The empire /kingdom was ruled by an emperor/king who was the head of the state and government.
       • The office of the emperor was hereditary.
       • The emperor was assisted in administration by queen mother ,head drummer emperors sister ,emperors principal wives ,the head cook ,head doorkeeper.
       • The empire was divided into provinces which were ruled by kings answerable to the emperor.
       • Had a standing army which protected the empire.
       • Religion united people /created political unity.
       • Emperor controlled trade.
       • Emperor was military leader.
       • Vassal states were ruled by chiefs who paid tribute to the king.
       • The royal fire which kept burning at the court of the king was an important symbol of National unity. 5x2=10mks
22.                  
    1. State three disadvantages of Television as a medium of communication.
       • Expensive to purchase
       • Need electricity
       • Promote violence and immorality
       • Addictive
       • Some programmes promote drugs. 3x1=3mks
    2. Explain six positive benefits of Telecommunications in the modern world.
       • Improved communication; good communication between countries.
       • Mass entertainment
       • Education –by radio and television to public and schools.
       • Transport; ships at the sea and aeroplanes in air are kept in constant touch through telecommunication gadgets.
       • Exploration of outer space.
       • Warfare –helps to make precise target on the enemy.
       • Development of trade; has helped query business transactions.
       • Improved management through use of computer to store information.
       • Has created employment.
       • Fast transmission of ideas
       • National unityusing radio to inform people about government policies.
       • Has facilitated the study of weather. 6x2=12mks
23.                  
    1. Give three reasons why Lewanika collaborated with the British during the colonization of Africa.
       • Protect his kingdom against the Germans and Portuguese /European enemies.
       • Desire for western education and civilization /wanted his son to be educated.
       • Protect him against his internal enemies e.g. in 1884 Lewanika faced an internal rebellion /safeguard his position.
       • He was encouraged to collaborate with the British by king Khama of Ngwato.
       • He saw the futility of resisting a strong power like Britain.
       • Wanted the British to protect his kingdom from attacks by other African communities such as the Ndebele and Shona /African communities.
       • He was influenced by the European missionaries.
       • To preserve the economy structure of his people.
    2. Explain six results of Lewanika collaboration with the British.
       • Lost his kingdom and independence to the British.
       • The Lozi lost most of their land to the British .
       • He became a paramount chief although under the British .
       • Slavery was abolished in Lozi.
       • The British used the Lozi to extend their control over other areas in Northern Rhodesia.
       • Lewanika’s son and his people received western education.
       • The Lozi people were given key administrative posts in the government.
       • Britain exploited Lozi’s minerals. 6x2=12mks
24.                  
    1. State three privileges which were enjoyed by assimilitated Africans in the four communes of Senegal.
       • Exempted from forced labour.
       • Allowed to send representatives to the French chamber of deputies.
       • Provided with the same education rights like the French people in France.
       • Protected by French constitution.
       • Enfranchised like the French people.
       • Allowed trading rights like French people in France.
       • Allowed to serve in French civil service.
       • To operate local authority structures which were similar to those in France. 3x1=3
    2. Explain six results of the French policy of assimilation in Senegal.
       • It undermined the authorities of the transitional rulers.
       • Undermined African culture.
       • Senegal was incorporated into French republic and regarded as an overseas province of France.
       • It undermined the spread of Islam.
       • It led to development of western education.
       • Created a class of African elite who spearheaded Nationalism.
       • It created a class of privileged Africans who were regarded to be equal with the white French people.
       • Created division among Africans in Senegal. Some became citizens while others became white French people.
       • African from Senegal were allowed to participate in political affairs of France. Some of them became deputies and ministers in the French government. 6x2=12mk