Question

Describe eight types of micro-catchments used in water conservation.

Answer 1

1. Negarim micro attachments  
   • Are closed grid diamond shape or open-ended 'Vs' formed by constructing small earth ridges with infiltration pits for purpose of collecting water
2. Contour bunds
   • These are earth bunds constructed along the contours and are spaced 5-10cm apart
3. Contour ridges
   • Are small earth ridges constructed along contours ND ARE SPACED 1.5 - 5cm apart and are used to conserve water
4. Semi-circular bunds
   • These are semi-circular shaped earth bunds with tips, constructed along contour. Used in rangeland hence appropriate for pasture and tree planting
5. Trapezoidal bunds
   • Are earth bunds which are trapezoidal in shape. they capture surface flow and allows the excess, water to overflow around wing tips
6. Contour stone bunds
   • Formed by heaping small stones along the contour to slow surface flow and filter eroded soil.
7. Rock dams.
   • Constructed across valleys to slow surface flow
8. Water spreading bunds
   • They are used to divert water from watercourse onto crops or pasture
9. Planting pits
   • There are extra large planting holes where water from the surrounding collect around the plant base