History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Maranda High School Mock Exams 2023

Instructions to Candidates

• This paper consists of THREE sections A, B and C
• Answer all questions in section A; THREE questions from B and TWO questions from section C

SECTION A (25 MARKS)

Answer all the questions in this section in the space provided

1. Identify the second stage in the evolution of man. (1 mark) 
2. Which is the smallest linguistic group in Kenya? (1 mark)
3. Mention two limitations of linguistic as a source of Kenyan history. (2 marks)
4. Give the main reason that led to the decline of Gedi during the 15th century. (1 mark)
5. Name one document that safeguards the rights of a child in Kenya. (1 mark)
6. State two natural factors for the rise of Nairobi as an urban centre. (2 marks)
7. What is direct democracy? (1 mark)
8. Highlight two reasons for the formation of Kenya Africans democratic union in 1960.    (2 marks)
9. State two components of the national budget in Kenya. (2 marks)
10. Mention two principles of the electoral system in Kenya. (2 marks)
11. Name two groups that are involved in the provision of Health services in Kenya. (2 marks)
12. Identify two reasons that may cause the removal of a county governor from office. (2 marks)
13. Give the main function of National Defense Council of Kenya. (1 mark)
14. Give two roles played by sergeant- at -arms in national assembly. (2 marks)
15. Identify one philosophy adopted at independence to promote social justice in Kenya. (1 mark)
16. Highlight one principle of natural justice in Kenya. (1 mark)
17. What is the main function of correctional services in Kenya (1 mark)

SECTION B (45 MARKS)

Answer any three questions in this section in the space provided at the end of question 24.

18.  
    1. Identify five age sets among the Nandi traditional society. (5 marks)
    2. Describe the social organization of the Mijikenda people during the pre-colonial period. (10 marks)
19.  
    1. How has the Kenyan government attempted to guarantee women rights. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five roles played by political parties in the struggle for Independence in Kenya between 1945-1963. (10 marks)
20.  
    1. Mention five negative impact of the Portuguese rule on the East Coast of Africa. (5 marks)
    2. Describe five economic developments that took place in Kenya during the colonial period.(10 marks)
21.  
    1. Identify five challenges faced by the Kikuyu Independent Schools Association (KISA). (5 marks)
    2. Explain five contributions of Prof.Wangari Mathaai in Kenyan history. (10 marks)

SECTION C (30 MARKS)

Answer all the questions in this section in the space provided at the end of question 24.

22.  
    1. What three situations can make a registered voter to be denied the right to vote in Kenya? (3 marks)
    2. Explain six rights of an accused person during trial in a court of law in Kenya. (12 marks)
23.  
    1. Give three sources of Kenyan law. (3 marks)
    2. Explain six limitations of parliamentary supremacy in Kenya. (12 marks)
24.  
    1. State three functions of the Controller of Budget in Kenya. (3 marks)
    2. Explain six ways in which the recurrent expenditure funds are used by County Government of Kenya. (12 marks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. Identify the second stage in the evolution of man (1mk)
   • Dryopithecus Africanus /Proconsull 1X1=1MK
2. Which is the Smallest linguistic group in Kenya (1mk)
   • Cushites 1x1=1mk
3. Mention two Limitations of linguistic as a source of Kenyan history 2mks)
   1. Some words have different meanings in different communities and may confuse researchers.
   2. Some words are difficult for researchers to interpret.
   3. Some languages are extinct and difficult to use in reconstruction of history.
   4. It lacks date thus, accuracy is compromised. 2x1=2mks
4. Give the main reason which led to the decline of Gedi during the 15th century (1mk)
   • Inadequate water supply/ Drought ( Any 1 x 1 )=1mk
5. Name one document which safeguards the rights of a child in Kenya. (1mk)
   1. Publication of the children’s act of 2001.
   2. The Kenyan constitution.
   3. UN Charter on the rights of children. (any 1x1=1mk)
6. State two natural factors for the rise of Nairobi as a urban centre (2mks)
   1. It had good climate/cool temperature.
   2. Nairobi River./ water from Nairobi River.
   3. It had level ground/ plain ground. Any 2x1=2mks
7. What is direct democracy?
   1. It is a government where people themselves make rules/ decisions that affect their welfare.
   2. Rule of the people.     (Any 1 x 1 = 1mk)
8. Highlight two reasons for the formation of Kenya Africans democratic union in 1960 (2mks)
   1. To protect the interest of the minority tribes.
   2. To compete other political parties e.g Kenya African National Union (K.A.N.U).
   3. To form government. Any 2x1=2mks
9. State two Components of the national budget in Kenya. (2mks)
   1. Ways of raising government revenue.
   2. Projected government expenditure.
   3. Fiscal proposals of improving the economy. 2x1=2 mks
10. Mention two Principles of the electoral system in Kenya (2mks)
    1. Freedom of citizens to exercise their political rights.
    2. Not more than two-thirds of the members of elective public bodies should be of the same gender.
    3. Fair representation of persons with disabilities.
    4. Universal suffrage based on the aspirations for fair representation and equality of vote.
    5. Free and fair elections based on secret ballot.
    6. There should be an independent body conducting the election.
    7. Regional balance i.e the elective body should have a national outlook.      Any 2x1=2mks
11. Name two groups which are involved in the provision of Health services in Kenya (2mks)
    • National government.
    • County government.
    • Non- Government organization
    • Religious groups/institutions
    • Private institutions/companies
    • International organizations
    • Individuals/private.
    • Charitable organizations Any 2x1=2mks
12. Identify two reasons that may cause the removal of a county governor from office (2mks)
    1. Gross violation of the constitution or any other law.
    2. Has committed a crime under national or international law
    3. Abuse of office/ gross misconduct.
    4. Physical or mental incapacity to perform the functions of the office of county governor        Any 2x1=(2mks)
13. Give the main function of National Defense the Council of Kenya (1mk)
    • Overall policy control and supervision of the Kenya defense forces 1x1=1mk
14. Give two roles played by sergeant- at -arms in national assembly. (1mk)
    1. Responsible for all ceremonies in parliament
    2. Ensure discipline within and around parliament
    3. Custodian of the mace – mace is the symbol of authority of the house
    4. Enforces all orders made by the speaker
    5. Maintains parliament buildings Any 2x1=2mks
15. Identify one Philosophy adopted at independence to promote social justice in Kenya
    1. African socialism.
    2. Harambee. ( Any 1 x 1 = 1mk)
16. Highlight one Principle of Natural justice in Kenya (1mk)
    1. The rule against bias.
    2. The right to affair hearing. Any 1x1=1mk
17. What is the main function of correctional services in Kenya (1mk)
    • Reform or rehabilitate criminal offenders 1x1=1mk
18.  
    1. Identify Five age sets among the Nandi traditional society (5mks)
       1. Maina
       2. Chuma
       3. Sawe
       4. Korongoro
       5. Kipkoimet
       6. Kaplelach
       7. Kimnyinge
       8. Nyongi Any 5x1=5mks
    2. Describe the social organization of the MijiKenda people during the pre-colonial period. (10mks)
       1. Believed in a God, called Mulungu.
       2. Had prophets called Wafisi.
       3. Were organized into clans made up of several related families that were matrilineal.
       4. Lived in fortified villages called Kayas or Miji that were nine.
       5. A senior elder seen as the owners of all the property headed each Kaya.
       6. Organized into age group made up of people born during a certain period.
       7. Also organized into age –sets, made up of people initiated at the same time.
       8. Initiates later grouped into sub-set.
       9. Had two age-set Marika and Kambi.
       10. Had both junior and senior age-sets.
       11. Had medicine men and women who treated the sick, exorcised demons and diagnosed the causes of demons?
       12. Had ritual experts and Rain makers
       13. Intermarriage between different clans was allowed/exogamous marriage.
       14. Practiced polygamy.
       15. Social ceremonies were marked with song and dance.
       16. Divisions of labour was practiced where Children looked after livestock, young men build houses, cattle sheds, hunted and cleared the bush.
           ( Any 5 well Described x 2=10mks)
19.  
    1. How the Kenyan government has attempted to guarantee women rights. (5 marks)
       1. Providing equal employment opportunities to women
       2. Establishment Ministry of Gender
       3. Encouraging women to take leadership positions
       4. Providing special girl – child bursary.
       5. Provision of basic necessities to the girl child e.g. sanitary towels.
       6. Women involvement in governance through affirmative action i.e. nomination to parliament.
       7. Enforce laws against those who violate women rights or abuse woman rights eg rapists
       8. Lowering cut –off points for university entry for girls.          (Any 5x1=5mks)
    2. Explain five roles played by political parties in the struggle for Independence in Kenya between 1945-1963. (10 marks)
       1. They united freedom fighters.
       2. They prepared Nationalists who were to take over leadership at independence.
       3. The parties mobilized mass support for African nationalists in the struggle.
       4. They gave moral and material support for the Mau Mau fighters.
       5. They presented their grievances of the Africans in International fora and created awareness on the needs of the Africans.
       6. They pressurized for constitutional changes from the British colonial office to enhance attainment of Independence.
       7. They created awareness among the Africans on their rights and the need to fight for independence.
       8. They participated in developing the Independence constitution / Lancaster House Conference.
       9. They pressurized for the release of the detained Nationalists.
       10. Acted as a training ground for political leadership. (First 5x2= 10 marks)
20.  
    1. Mention five negative impact of the Portuguese rule on the East Coast of Africa (5mks)
       1. The rule disrupted trade between the Coast and Arabia, Persia and India.
       2. Their rule led to the decline of the coastal settlements such as Gedi.
       3. Their rule disrupted the spread of Islam in the region due to constant fighting and destruction of Mosques.
       4. Portuguese punitive raids led to loss of life.
       5. Harsh Portuguese rule led suffering of the people that forced some to flee.
       6. Portuguese rule led to introduction of guns and ammunitions which intensified warfare and insecurity in the region
       7. Their coming paved way for the conquest of the East Coast by other European powers in later years. / Colonization. (Any 5X1= 5 mks)
    2. Describe economic development that took place in Kenya during the colonial period (10mks)
       1. Transport & Communication system were developed e.g. Kenya-Uganda railway and several roads.
       2. Settler farming was encouraged, which in turn promoted agricultural production for export, trade and consumption.
       3. Later Africans were encouraged to grow cash crops e.g. cotton, coffee and tea.
       4. There was the introduction of money economy.
       5. The establishment of banking/insurance industry.
       6. Promoted local and international trade/commerce.
       7. Establishment of industries such as food processing industries promoted the expansion of agricultural activities.
       8. Exploitation of mineral resources in the country e.g. soda ash at Magadi and gold in Kakamega in Kenya.
       9. Development of Urban centres such as Nairobi, Nakuru, Mombassa and Kisumu.
       10. Introduction of exotic breed of livestock e.g. sheep, pigs and cattle.
       11. Establishment of research centres to improve farming.
       12. Development of fishing industry e.g. use of better fishing methods.        (Any 5 well explained x2=10mks)
21.  
    1. Identify five challenges faced by the Kikuyu Independent Schools Association (KISA) (5mks)
       1. Inadequate funds to support the large number of pupils and schools.
       2. Many of the teachers were untrained.
       3. Leaders lacked proper management skills.
       4. Mission churches fought the efforts of KISA leaders .
       5. Disagreement among the KISA leaders e.g. others demanded back their land donated to schools.
       6. Competition for followers with the Mission Schools. Any 5x1=5mks
    2. Explain five contributions of Prof.Wangare Mathaai in Kenyan history (10 mks)
       1. She founded green belt movement to fight environmental degradation.
       2. She was involved in tree planting activities in the country.
       3. She guarded karura forest from being grabbed by private developers.
       4. She stopped the proposed construction of a sixty-story Kenya times media trust complex at Uhuru park.
       5. She was elected as a member parliament of Tetu constituency in 2002
       6. Chaired the board of the green belt movement (2002-2011)
       7. Addressed international networks like UN to seek support for the environmental conservation
       8. Served as assistant minister for environment, natural resources & wildlife after 2002 elections
       9. She participated in several NGOS like the red cross which supports victims of calamities
       10. She won many awards both national and international e.g. Nobel peace prize in 2004      Any 5x2=10mks
22.  
    1. What three situations can make registered voter to be denied the right to vote in Kenya?
       1. When one is in custody.
       2. When one is insane/ unsound mind.
       3. When one presents oneself in a constituency where he/she is not registered.
       4. When one is discovered to have registered twice/ double registration.
       5. When one does not have a national identification Card on the voting day/ one has a defective National Identification Card.
       6. When ones name does not appear in the voters register.
       7. When one is time barred/ late. (Any 3 x 1 = 3 mks)
    2. Explain six rights to an accused person during trial in a court of Law in Kenya. (12 marks)
       1. The accused person is presumed innocent until proven guilty.
       2. He/ She should be informed of the charge with sufficient detail so as to prepare a defence.
       3. One should be given adequate time to consult with the advocate/ witness.
       4. One should be present when court proceedings are taking place.
       5. One should be given a chance to plead for leniency.
       6. One should not be forced to give incriminating evidence.
       7. One should be allowed to be heard.
       8. One should be allowed to appeal against the ruling.
       9. Right to legal representation. (Any 6 x 2 = 12 mks)
23.  
    1. Give three Sources of Kenyan law. (3 marks)
       1. Suggestions from common citizens through M.ps. and senators.
       2. Public opinion.
       3. Civil service.
       4. Policies from the government/cabinet.
       5. African customs and traditions.
       6. Religion –sharia law in kadhi courts.
       7. Legislation from parliament/ Acts of parliament.
       8. The British common law.
       9. Constitution. 1x3=3mks
    2. Explain six Limitations of parliamentary supremacy in Kenya (12mks)
       1. Increased powers of the cabinet can reduce parliament’s authority.
       2. People’s customs and traditions; parliament cannot pass laws against the custom and traditions of the people unless they want a change.
       3. The rule of law does not allow parliament to pass laws that is contrary to the constitution of Kenya.
       4. President has the powers to declare state of emergency to deal with crisis without consulting parliament.
       5. Application of international law can limit the supremacy of parliament.
       6. Legislations by county Governments may also undermine the supremacy.
       7. Decisions of the current parliament can be altered/overuled by the future parliament.
       8. The judiciary can declare some laws passed in parliament as unconstitutional.
       9. The president can veto legislation from parliament.
       10. Parliament must represent the interests and aspirations of the people/ members of parliament can be recalled by their constituents.
           (First 6x2= 12mks)
24.  
    1. State three functions of the controller of Budget of the Government of Kenya. (3 marks)
       1. He/she overseas implementation of the budget of the national/county Government.
       2. He/she authorizes withdrawals of the public funds.
       3. He ensures that the withdrawals are lawful.
       4. He/she submits to parliament reports on implementation of budget on regular basis.
       5. He/she checks on the use of Government funds.
       6. He/she advises the Government on budgeting.
       7. Arbitration/mediation role between county &national Governmnet in respect to the budget         (Any 3x1=3mks)
    2. Explain six ways in which the recurrent expenditure funds are used by county Government of Kenya. (12 marks)
       1. They are used to pay salaries /wages to the county Government workers
       2. They are used to repair/maintain Government facilities in order to keep them in good working conditions
       3. They are used to pay loans borrowed to finance operations /activities in counties
       4. They are used in provision of bursaries /sponsor needy students for further studies
       5. They are used to pay subscription fee to inter-county associations/programmes in order to sustain their operations
       6. They are used to buy medical supplies /medicine required in the county health facilities.
       7. They are used to maintain transport infrastructures in order to ease movement of people /goods in the county/ease commercial activities.
       8. Collection of refuse & solid waste disposal. (Any 5 well explained x2=10mks)