QUESTIONS
- The samples of equal volumes of water were put in 100cm conical flasks and heated for 5 minutes on a Bunsen flame. It was observed that sample I registered a lower temperature than sample II
- Identify the flames (2 marks)
- State one disadvantage of using flame I for heating (1 mark)
- Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow. The diagram shows the method used to separate component of mixture P
- Name X (1 mark)
- What is the name given to the method used in separation of mixture P
- What would happen if the inlet and outlet of water were interchanged
- Which physical property is used to separate mixture P (1 mark)
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- State why a water molecule H2O can combine with H+ion to form H3O+ion (1 mark)
- Using dots) and crosses (*) show the bonding in H3O+ (1 mark)
- The pH values of some solutions are given below
pH 14.0 1.0 8.0 6.5 7.0 Solution M L N P Z - Identify the solution with the lowest concentration of hydrogen ion. Give reason for your answer(1 mark)
- Which solution would be used as an anti-acid for treating stomach upset. Give a reason for your answer (2 marks)
- The data below gives the electronic configuration of some selected atoms and ions
Atom/ion A2+ B C2- D2+ E F- G+ H Electronic configuration 2 2.4 2.8 2.8.8 2.8 2.8.8 0 2.8.2 - Select an atom that is a noble gas
- Select an lement that belongs to the second group and the fourth period. (1 mark)
- Write the formula of the compound formed when D and F react (1 mark)
- The diagram below shows the acidic and basic oxides fit into the general family of oxides.
- State the name given to the type of oxide that would be placed in the shaded area.(1 mark)
- Give the name of any oxide that would be placed in the shaded area. Explain (2 marks)
- Zinc metal and hydrochloric acid reacts according to the following equation
Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
3.26g of Zinc metal were reacted with 100cm of 0.2M hydrochloric acid- Determine the reagent that was in excess
(Zn=65.2; Molar gas volume at s.t.p 22.4 liters) (2 marks) - Calculate the total volume of hydrogen gas that was liberated at s.t.p (1 mark)
- Determine the reagent that was in excess
- Give the IUPAC names of the following compounds
CH2CH2CH2CHCH3 (1)
I
CH3- (1 mark)
- CH3CH=CHCI(1 mark)
- CH3CH2COOCH2CH2CHCH3 (1 mark)
- 0.9g of potassium chloride and potassium carbonate mixture completely reacted with 25cm of 0.2M hydrochloric acid
- Determine the number of moles of the acid used (1 mark)
- Calculate the mass of potassium chloride in the mixture (K-39.0; C-12.0;0-16.0) (2 marks
- Study the flow chart below and answer the questions that follow
- Identify metal M:..(1 mark)
- Colourless gas: (1 mark)
- Write an equation that leads to the formation of white precipitate in process (1 mark)
- The diagram below shows a wooden splint that was placed horizontally across the middle part of a non-luminous flame.
- Explain the observation made (1 mark)
- Explain why non-luminous flame is preferred for heating than the luminous flame.(2 marks)
- Few drops of hydrochloric acid were added into a test tube containing lead (II) Nitrate solution
- State one observation made. Explain (2 marks)
- Write an ionic equation of the reaction that occurred in the test tube (1 mark)
- A compound of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen contains 57.15% carbon, 4.76% hydrogen and the rest oxy gen. If its relative molecular mass is 126, find its molecular formula. (C-12, H = 1,0-16) (3 marks)
- Study the information in the table below and answer the questions that follow.
Salt Solubility g/100g of water At 40°C At 60°C CuSO4 28 38 Pb(NO3)2 79 98 - Which salt crystallized out? Give a reason. (2 marks)
- Calculate the mass of the salt that crystallized out. (1 mark)
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- Distinguish between strong and concentrated acid (1 mark)
- A solution of ammonia in methylbenzene has no effects on red litmus paper while a solution of ammonia in water turns red litmus paper blue. Explain (2 marks)
- Name the process which takes place when
- Iodine changes directly from solid to gas (1 mark)
- Fe2+(aq) changes to Fe3+(aq) (1 mark
- White sugar changes to black when mixed with concentrated sulphuric (VI) acid (1 mark)
- In the last stage of the Solvay process, a mixture of sodium hydrogen carbonate and ammonium chloride is formed
- State the method of separation used (1 mark)
- Write an equation showing how lime is slaked (1 mark)
- Name the by-product recycled in the above process (1 mark)
- The diagram below is a section of a model of the structure of element K
- State the type of bonding that exist in K (1 mark)
- In which group of the periodic table does element K belong. Give a reason (2 marks)
- Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow
- State two observations made in the above experiment when sodium react with water (2 marks)
- Write a chemical equation for the reaction that takes place (1 mark)
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- Explain why permanent hardness in water cannot be removed by boiling (1 mark)
- Name two methods that can be used to remove permanent hardness from water (2 marks)
- Dilute sulphuric (VI) acid was added to a compound X, of magnesium. The solid reacted with the acid to form a colourless solution, Y and a colourless gas Z which formed a white precipitate when bubbled through lime water.
Name- Compound X (1 mark)
- Solution Y (1 mark)
- Colourless gas Z (1 mark)
- Study the diagram below and use it to answer the questions that follow.
- State the observation made in the combustion tube. (1 mark)
- Write an equation for the reaction that took place in the combustion tube(1 mark)
- Name gas P (1 mark)
- Sulphur exists in two crystalline forms.
- Name one crystalline form of Sulphur. (1 mark)
- State two uses of Sulphur. (2 marks)
- Bond energies for some bonds are tabulated below:
BOND BOND ENERGY KJ/mol H-H 436 C=C 610 C-H 410 C-C 345
C2H4(g) + H2(g) → C2H6(g) - Study the set up below and answer the questions that follows
State all the observations that would be made when the circuit is completed (3 marks) - Describe how solid samples of salts can be obtained from a mixture of lead (II) chloride, sodium chloride and ammonium chloride. (3 marks)
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