SECTION A
Answer all the questions in this section.
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- Give the forces which have contributed to the geoid shape of the Earth. (3 marks)
- Name the minerals that make up the core of the Earth. (2 marks)
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- List two examples of extrusive igneous rocks.(2 marks)
- Give three characteristics of sedimentary rocks. (3 marks)
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- Apart from aspect, list three other factors that influence the distribution of natural vegetation.(3 marks)
- State two ways through which aspect influences the distribution of natural vegetation. (2 marks)
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- What is a mineral?(2 marks)
- Classify each of the following rocks according to their formation:
- Marble
- Granite
- Mudstone (3 marks)
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- Differentiate soil profile from soil catena.(2 marks)
- State three ways in which soil texture is important.(3 marks)
SECTION B
Answer question 6 and any other two questions from this section.
- Study the map of Kisumu East 1:50,000 (sheet 116/2) provided and answer the following questions.
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- Give the longitudinal extent of the area covered by the map. (1 mark)
- Name three human made features in the grid square 0193.(3 marks)
- Identify the two methods used to show relief on the map. (2 marks)
- Calculate the area of Kisumu town. Give your answer in square kilometres. (2 marks)
- Name two types of natural vegetation found in the area covered by the map. (2 marks)
- Draw a square 10 cm by 10 cm to represent the area enclosed by Eastings 00 and 10, and Northings 80 and 90. (1 mark)
On it mark and name the following:- All weather road bound surface (1mark)
- River Ombeyi (1mark)
- Chiga market (1mark)
- Air photo principal point (04) (1mark)
- Describe the distribution of settlement in the area covered by the map. (4marks)
- Citing evidence, give three economic activities carried out in the area covered by the (6 marks)
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- What is faulting? (2 marks)
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- Apart from the Rift Valley, name three other features that result from faulting.(3 marks)
- With the aid of well labelled diagrams, describe how the Rift Valley may be formed by compressional forces. (8 marks)
- Explain how faulting influences each of the following:
- drainage (6 marks)
- transport (6 marks)
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- Name the instruments used to measure each of the following elements of weather:
- Humidity (1 mark)
- Atmospheric pressure (1 mark)
- State three traditional methods of weather forecasting. (3 marks)
- Name the instruments used to measure each of the following elements of weather:
- The statistical table below shows temperature and rainfall for a given station X in Africa. Use it to answer questions (b) (i) and (ii)
Month J F M A M J J A S O N D Temperature (°C) 27 27 26 25 23 22 21 21 22 23 25 26 Rainfall (mm) 366 376 452 399 264 282 302 203 132 99 117 262 - Calculate the:
- annual range of temperature (2 marks)
- total annual rainfall (2 marks)
- Describe the climatic conditions of station X. (4 marks)
- Calculate the:
- Explain how ocean currents influence the climate of adjacent coastal land. (6 marks)
- Explain three measures that can be taken to control desertification. (6 marks)
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- Apart from landslides, list the other two forms of rapid mass wasting. (2 marks)
- Explain how each of the following factors facilitate mass wasting:
- Nature of rock material (4 marks)
- Human activities (4 marks)
- Explain the effects of mass wasting on the environment.
- You intend to carry out a field study in an area affected by landslides within the vicinity. (8 marks)
- Give three reasons why it is important to seek permission from the school administration. (3 marks)
- State the advantages of studying landslides through fieldwork. (4 marks)
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- Name two mountains in East Africa that are ice capped. (2 marks)
- Give two types of moraine. (2 marks)
- The diagram below represents an upland glaciated landscape. Use it to answer question 10(b)(i).
- Name the features marked E, F and G. (3 marks)
- Describe how each of the following features is formed:
- Pyramidal peak (6 marks)
- Crag and tail (6 marks)
- Explain the significance of glaciated upland areas to human activities. (6 marks)
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