History Paper 2 Questions and Answers - BSJE Mock Exams 2023

Instructions to Candidates

• This paper consists of three sections; A,B and C.
• Answer all the questions in section A, three questions from section B and two questions from section C.

                                                                                     SECTION A (25 MARKS)

                                        Answer all questions in this section in the spaces provided at the end of question 24.

1. Define the term monarchical government. (1 mark)
2. Identify two physical features of Dryopithecus africanus. (2 marks)
3. State one contribution of John Deere in the field of Agriculture. (1 mark)
4. Mention two urban centres that emerged as result of early agriculture in Mesopotamia.  (2 marks)
5. Give the main item of trade from North Africa during the Trans – Saharan trade. (1 mark)
6. Name two titles used to refer to the Swahili officials in the administration of German in Tanganyika. (2 marks)
7. Give one function of the Emirs during the British indirect rule in Nigeria. (1 mark)
8. Identify two characteristics of the French policy of assimilation. (2 marks)
9. Mention one type of spirit in the Shona kingdom in the 19 th century. (1 mark)
10. Give two duties of Lukiiko in the Buganda Kingdom. (2 marks)
11. Give two Nations which belonged to the triple Entente during the First World War. (2 marks)
12. State two functions of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) as an organ of the League of Nations. (2 marks)
13. Name the European power that colonized the Democratic Republic of Congo. (1 mark)
14. Identify the name of the Military wing of the African National Congress (ANC) formed in South Africa. (1 mark)
15. Identify the immediate cause of the First World War. (1 mark)
16. State two economic blocks formed during cold war. (2 marks)
17. State the main objective of Economic Community of West African states (ECOWAS).  (1 mark)
    
                                                                             SECTION B: (45 MARKS)
                           Answer any three questions from this section in the space provided at the end of question 24.
18.  
    1. Give five ways in which the development of the upright posture improved the early man’s way of life. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five aspects of culture of man that had their origin during the late Stone Age Period. (10 marks)
19.  
    1. Outline five roles of the Tuaregs during Trans – Saharan Trade. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five factors for the decline of Trans – Atlantic trade. (10 marks)
20.  
    1. Outline five methods which were used by Europeans to acquire colonies in Africa. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five reasons why Africans were defeated during the Maji Maji rebellion in Tanganyika. (10 marks)
21.  
    1. Outline five ways in which Julius Nyerere promoted education in Tanzania. (5 marks)
    2. Describe five political reforms introduced by Mobuth Sese Seko in DRC. (10 marks)
       
                                                                         SECTION C: (30 MARKS)
                        Answer any two questions from this section in the space provided at the end of question 24.
22.  
    1. State three political factors for the growth of the Shona Kingdom in the 19 th century. (3 marks)
    2. Describe the social organization of the Asante Kingdom. (12 marks)
23.  
    1. Give three characteristics of common wealth member states. (3 marks)
    2. Explain six political effects of the Second World War. (12 marks)
24.  
    1. List any of the three official languages used in the United Nations Organization (UNO). (3 marks)
    2. Explain six challenges facing the United Nations Organization (UNO). (12 marks)

                                                                               MARKING SCHEME

1. Define the term monarchical government.                   (1mk)
   • Is a form of government where democracy is practiced but aristocratic power is respected.        (1x1 = 1mk)
2. Identify two physical features of Dryopithecus.       (2mks)         
   • Had long task
   • Had smooth forehead
   • Had projecting face
   • Had long teeth
   • Used forelimbs as arms
   • Walked on fours                      (Any 2x1 = 2mks)
3. One contribution of John Deere in the field of Agriculture.            (1 mk)
   • He invented the steel plough                         (1x1 = 1mk)
4. Two Urban centres that emerged as result of early agriculture in Mesopotamia.    (2mks)
   • Ur
   • Uruk
   • Babylon
   • Kish
   • Nineveh
   • Eridu
   • Lagash
   • Nippur                                     (Any 2x1 = 2mk)
5. Main item of trade from North Africa during the Trans – Saharan trade.          (1mk)
   • Salt                                                (1x1 = 1 mk)
6. Two titles used to refer to the Swahili officials in the administration of German in Tanganyika.            (2mks)
   • Akidas
   • Jumbes                        (2 x 1 = 2 mks)
7. One function of the Emirs during the British indirect rule in Nigeria.         (1mk)
   • Headed local government govt
   • Maintain law and order
   • Collecting taxes
   • Appoint village heads
   • Recruiting labour for public works
   • Tried cases in the local courts /settle disputes
   • Communicates colonial policies
   • Supervise construction of road
   • They eliminated practices  which were not acceptable to the British (1 x 1 = 1 mk)
8. Two characteristics of the French policy of assimilation.             (2mks)
   • Administrative assimilation
   • Political assimilation
   • Personal assimilation
   • Economic assimilation               (Any 2 x 1 = 2 mks)
9. One type of spirit in the Shona kingdom in the 19^th century.         (1mk)
   • Vadzimu – family spirit
   • Mhondoro – clan spirits
   • Chaminuka/chamiruka - National spirit
   • Svikiro/depated family/clan elders spirit                                    (1 x 1 = 1mk)
10. Two duties of Lukiiko in the Buganda Kingdom.          (2mks)
    • Advised the Kabaka
    • Assisting the Kabaka in administration
    • It made laws for the Kingdom
    • Act as final court of Appeal/settle disputes
    • Directed collection of taxes
    • It represent the interest of the people
    • Checked the administration of the government              (Any 2 x 1 = 2mks)
11. Two Nations which belonged to the triple Entente during the First World War.           (2mks)
    • Russia
    • France
    • Britain                                                (Any 2 x 1 = 2 mks)
12. Two functions of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) as an organ of the League of Nations.                 (2mks)
    • Settle disputes among members states
    • Interprets UN’S charter                                     
13. Name the European power that colonized the Democratic Republic of Congo.              (1mk)
    • Belgium                                    ( 1 x 1 = 1 mk)
14. Name of the Military wing of the African National Congress (ANC) formed in South Africa.             (1mk)
    • Spear of the Nation/Umkhoto wa Swize             (1 x 1 = 1 mk)
15. Immediate cause of the First World War.                  (1mk)
    • Assassination of the Austro – Hungary heir to the throne, Franz Ferdinard and his wife Sophie at Sarajevo. 
16. Two economic blocks formed during cold war.                              (2mks)
    • Marshall Plan
    • Council for mutual economic assistance (COMECON)      (Any 2 x 1 = 2mks)
17. Main objective of Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).    (1mk)
    • To foster economic – co-operation integration             (1 x 1 = 1mk)
      
                                                                       SECTION B (45 MARKS)
                                       ANSWER ANY THREE QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION
18.  
    1. Give FIVE ways in which the development of the upright posture improved the early man’s way of life.               (5mks)
       1. Reduced the surface area of the body exposed to the sun thus cooling the body
       2. Man could easily defend himself /security/spot enemies
       3. Man could move faster
       4. Used  the forelimbs for other activities
       5. Man could access food easily/pluck fruits easily                              (Any 5 x 1 = 5 mks)
    2. Explain FIVE aspects of culture of man that had their origin during the late Stone Age Period.                                               (10mks)
       1. Tool making – they made microlithic tools/more improved tools
       2. Construction of permanent shelters – build huts using grass and tree branches
       3. Art and crafts – made/practiced pottery, weaving, basketing and later iron working
       4. Government – due to settled life; set up rules and regulations to govern them.
       5. Domestication of plants and animals/food – started agriculture which was the main source of food.
       6. Religious – started practicing rites and ceremonies. They started burying the dead with their possessions.
       7. Permanent settlement – men adopted a sedentary life.
       8. Clothing – man made clothes from animal skin.  (Any 5 x 2 = 10 mks)
19.  
    1. Outline FIVE roles of the Tuaregs during Trans – Saharan Trade.         (5mks)
       1. Served as guides to the caravan.
       2. Provided security to the caravan
       3. Served as interpreters between the North African Traders and the local communities.
       4. Maintained oases
       5. Assisted the traders to get food stuffs, water and accommodation.
       6. Served as middlemen, keeping stock and trading on behalf of caravan traders.   (Any 5 x 1 = 5mks)
    2. Explain FIVE factors for the decline of Trans – Atlantic trade.               (10 mks)
       1. Development of Industrial Revolution in Europe
       2. Attainment of independence by U. S.A
       3. The Rise in humanitarians/anti – slavery movement
       4. The development of legitimate trade
       5. Britain abolished slave trade in all her territories/ colonial
       6. Economic views of leading economics such as Adam Smith
       7. Impact of the French Revolution of 1789
       8. Results of the American civil war
       9. Slave revolts in American plantations and mines
       10. Introduction/use of machines on farms
       11. The need to retain African in their home level to modern raw materials   (Any 5 well explained points x 2 = 10mks)
20.  
    1. Outline FIVE methods which were used by Europeans to acquire colonies in Africa.          (5mks)
       1. Signing of treaties
       2. Maintaining conquest / use of force
       3. Treachery / divide and rule policy
       4. Use of company rule
       5. Luring / enticements
       6. Diplomacy                                              ( Any 5 x 1 =5mks)
    2. Explain FIVE reasons why Africans were defeated during the Maji Maji rebellion in Tanganyika (10mks)
       1. Inferiority of Africans weapons
       2. Germans soldiers were well trained
       3. Disunity among African communities.
       4. The German use of scotched earth policy method
       5. The magic water of Kinjeketile failed.
       6. Capture / imprisonment / execution of African leaders demoralized Africans.
       7. German administrators received reinforcement from Sudanese and Somali mercenaries
       8. The large powerful communities defeated by the Germans before, did not join the war i.e. Hehe and Nyamwezi
       9. Africans lacked coordination organization/poor coordination.             (Any 5 well explained x 2 = 10mks)
21.  
    1. Outline FIVE ways in which Julius Nyerere promoted education in Tanzania. (5mks)
       1. He established the University of Dar – es – Salaam and Sokoine University
       2. He made Kiswahili: the medium of instructions in schools.
       3. He made education to be free and compulsory from primary to university.
       4. He popularized the philosophy of “education for self – reliance”
       5. He introduced adult education     (Any 5 x 1= 5mks)
    2. Describe FIVE political reforms introduced by Mobuth Sese Seko in DRC.   (10mks)
       1. He centralized power by becoming the head of state and government
       2. He banned all political parties before forming the MPR (movement of the popular dela revolution) in 1967 as the only party
       3. He hoped to unite Congo with one party
       4. He reformed the constitution and reduced the power of parliament
       5. He abolished federal system and local assemblies.
       6. He reduced the number of administrative regions to eight (8)
       7. He renamed major towns in DRC                          (Any 5 well explained x 2 = 10mks)
          
                                                                     SECTION C (30 MARKS)
                                          ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION
22.  
    1. State THREE political factors for the growth of the Shona Kingdom in the 19th century.        (3mks)
       1. Centralized system of Government
       2. Standing army for defense
       3. The king had able leaders
       4. Acquisition of firearms
       5. Unity which was brought by royal fire                              (1x3=3mks)
    2. Describe the social organization of the Asante Kingdom.             (2mks)
       1. Basic social unit was the clan; each clan identifies by a name of an animals
       2. Believed in a supreme God-Mwari
       3. Believed in existence of ancestral spirits-vadzimu, mhoeloro, chaminuka
       4. They practiced polygamous/exogamous marriage
       5. They had Special people like medicine men
       6. The system of inheritance was patrilineal
       7. They had priests who led people in worship
       8. Priest came from the Rozwi clan
       9. Mweme Mutapa was seen as semi-divine / god and was venerated
       10. They lived in stones building
23.  
    1. Give THREE characteristics of Common wealth member states.       (3mks)
       1. Most of them use English as an official language
       2. Have similar education system
       3. The recognize this British monarch as the head of commonwealth Queen/King
       4. They co-operate in games, sports and culture
       5. Have common military traditions based on the British one
       6. Hold regular conference of heads of states
       7. Most have similar legal administration/parliamentary systems
       8. Have close economic ties                                           (3 x 1= 3mks)
    2. Explain SIX political effects of the Second World War.                     (12mks)
       1. Led to the rise of super powers – USA and USSR
       2. Europe was divided into two using the iron curtain/partition of Germany into the East and West
       3. With Eastern Europe dominated by former Soviet Union, the weakened western powers had to receive support from USA to prevent them falling into communist hands
       4. Led to formation of UNO to promote peace, security and international cooperation. It led to cold war, an ideological and economic struggle between opposing blocs
       5. Led to creation of the state of Israel on May 14, 1948
       6. Led to establishment of communist governments especially in Eastern Europe
       7. The war catalyzed the movement towards decolonization
       8. With the introduction of the marshal plan, USA found herself getting more involved in European affairs
       9. Led to rise of nationalism in Asia and Africa – with India gaining her independence in 1947                      (6 x 2 =12 mks)
24.  
    1. List any of the THREE official languages used in the United Nations Organization (UNO).  (3mks)
       1. English
       2. Chinese
       3. Russian
       4. Spanish
       5. Arabic                                        (Any 3 x 1 = 3mks)
    2. Explain SIX challenges facing United Nations Organization (UNO).            (12mks)
       1. It has standing Army/ military
       2. National interest of the individual member states are given more prominence /importance than that of the United Nations
       3. In adequate funds as member fails to remit their contributions on time
       4. Political instability-border conflict, ethnic wars, military camps have undermine the UN operation
       5. Powerful nations /former colonial masters meddling into affairs of former colonies
       6. Terrorism has threatened effort to attain international peace
       7. Ideological difference which have heightened suspicion
       8. Different levels of development
       9. Inability to implement certain decisions / policies due to use of the veto powers
       10. Lack of objectivity in voting by some members states who vote as a block according to their interests.   
           (Any 6 well explained x 2 = 12 mks)