GEOGRAPHY Marking Scheme - Form 1 End of Term 1 2019 Examinations

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GEOGRAPHY - Form 1 End of Term 1 2019 Examinations

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Geography refers to the study of the distribution of physical and human features of the earth and their interrelationships.
1. Branches of Geography
  - Physical Geography
  - Human & Economics
  - Practical Economics
2. Physical – Internal conforming
  
  Processes
  - Earthquakes
  - Vulcanicity
  - Folding
  - Faulting
  - External Land farming
    
    Processes- Action of water
  - Action of wind
  - Hydrology
  - Hydrological cycle
  - Weather and Climate
  - Vegetation
    
    Human – Population and settlement
  - Industry
  - Transport
  - Fishing
  - Forestry
    
    Practical
  - Map work
  - Photograph work
  - Statistics
  - Field work

Importance of Geography
- It is a career subject
- It creates regional and international awareness.
- It provides knowledge needed for planning infrastructures
- It helps to appreciate of other peoples culture.
- It helps learners to appreciate and have a positive attitude towards the natural environment.

1. Geography and Mathematics
  - Geography uses Mathematical knowledge formula in working out the area, estimating distances and drawing geographical graphs for easier interpretation.
2. Geography and Biology
  - Geography explains the distribution of living organisms based on the factors which favour their survival.

1. Meaning of Solar System
  - It refers to the sun, the planets and the other heavenly bodies found between them.
2. Scientific theories
  - Nebular cloud theory
  - Passing star theory

1. Types of earth movement
  - Earth’s Rotation
  - Earth’s Revolution
2. Shape of the earth
  - It is an oblate spheroid known as a geoid with flattened poles and elongated around the equator
3. State the effects of the:-
  1. Earth’s Rotation (3mks
    - It causes occurrence of day and night
    - It causes periodic rise and fall of Ocean tides
    - It causes variation of atmospheric pressure on the earth’s surface.
    - It causes a time difference between longitudes.
    - It causes deflection of winds and Ocean currents.
  2. Earth’s Revolution (3mks)
    - It causes the four seasons
    - It causes varying length of day and night at different latitudes
    - It causes change in the position of overhead midday sun at different latitudes.
    - It causes the lunar eclipse

1. Parts
  A         –          Hydrosphere
  B         -           Lower crust /Sima/Oceanic crust
  C         -           Moho/ Mohorovicic
  D         -           Lower mantle
2. Reasons why E is hot
  - Retained head during formation
  - Radioactivity
  - Pressure exerted by the everlying layers
1. Define weather (2mks)
  - It refers to the atmospheric condition of a place at a particular time.
2. 1. Apart from temperature and rainfall give four other weather elements (4mks)
    - Rainfall
    - Wind
    - Cloud cover
    - Humidity
    - Sunshine
    - Atmospheric pressure
  2. Identify three factors which influence temperature (3mks)
    - Altitude
    - Ocean currents
    - winds and air
    - Aspects
    - Length of day
    - cloud cover
  3. with the help of a diagrams, describe how relief rainfall is formed (8mks)
    - A large water body is intensely heated by solar radiation causing warm moist air to evaporate, then forced to rise a mountain side.
    - Prevailing winds pick the warm moist air.
    - On reaching a mountain barrier, the warm moist air is mechanically forced up the mountain
    - As the warm moist air rises, it expands and cool.
    - On reaching dew point, it condenses to form clouds.
    - When clouds became saturated, they fail down as relief rainfall on the wind ward side.
    - Cold dry air descend on the leeward side of the mountain.
3. 1. What is a weather station? (2mks
    - It refers to a place where weather recording instrument are kept to observe, measure and record weather etc.
  2. State three factors considered when siting a weather station (4mks)
    - The site should have an open space
    - The land should be gently sloping
    - The area should have a wide view of the surrounding and the sky
    - The place should be secure
1. 1. What is a Stevenson Screen? (2mks)
    - It is a white wooden box mounted on four metallic legs and kept in a weather station and is used for safe keeping of delicate weather instruments.
  2. Give two weather instruments kept in a Stevenson screen
    - Maximum thermometer
    - Minimum thermometer
    - Wet bulb thermometer
    - Dry bulb thermometer
2. Give reasons why the Sterenson screen has the following characteristics
  1. Painted White (1mk)
    - To reflect heat
  2. Louvered sides (1mk)
    - To allow air circulation
  3. Double roofing (1mk)
    - To prevent direct sun’s rays from reading the inside
  4. Placed 121cm above the ground level (1mk)
    - To prevent the effect of terrestrial radiation
    - To ensure air circulation beneath the screen inorder to give air temperature reading

GEOGRAPHY Marking Scheme - Form 1 End of Term 1 2019 Examinations

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