Home Science Questions and Answers - Form 1 Term 2 Opener Exams 2023

INSTRUCTIONS

• Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

QUESTIONS

1. Define the following terms:(2mks)
   1. Personal hygiene
   2. Good grooming
2. State three functions of the skin.(3mks)
3. Explain how the skin types can be identified.(3mks)
4. Mention three reasons why canvas shoes are suitable for sports.(3mks)
5. State five factors to consider when buying clothes for a slim figure.(5mks)
6. List three nutrients which are necessary for healthy teeth.(3mks)
7. Give three ways of caring for the nails.(3mks)
8. Suggest four methods of disinfecting sterilizing both towel.(4mks)
9. Give three precautions to take when administering medicine to a patient.(3mks)
10. State the functions of the following:(3mks)
    1. Sebaceous glands
    2. Blood capillaries
    3. Nerve ending
11.                
    1. Mention problems that may occur on feet as a result of wearing tight fitting shoes.(3mks)
    2. What are bunions?(1mk)
12. Give two reasons for bathing.(2mks)
13. Give three preventive measures to take to avoid cuts at home.(3mks)
14. Give the use of the following items in a first aid kit.(5mks)
    1. Cotton wool /swab
    2. Adhesive dressing 
    3. Bandages
    4. Disposable gloves
    5. Scissors.
15. Give four changes that may occur during adolescence.(4mks)
16.                      
    1. Describe the procedure for laundering a handkerchief.(10mks)
    2. Outline the procedure for cleaning a pair of white canvas shoes.(10mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. Define the following terms:(2mks)
   1. Personal hygiene
      • This involves keeping oneself and the environment clean and safe in order to prevent spread of diseases.
   2. Good grooming
      • Taking care of oneself in order to look presentable and acceptable to yourself and to others.
2. State three functions of the skin.(3mks)
   • It protects the body against dirt, injury and germs
   • It stores fats
   • It retains fats
   • It retains body fluids
   • It is a sensory organ hence it detects pain, touch and temperature changes.
   • It maintains constant body temperatures.
   • It assists in the synthesis of vitamin D.
   • It is an excretory organ through which water, salt and other waste products are eliminated from the body.
3. Explain how the skin types can be identified.(3mks)
   • Take a tissue and press it firmly against your face. If the skin has oily patches on a tissue paper denotes an oil skin.
   • Absence of oily patches on the tissue show a dry skin.
   • Faint traces of oil on the tissue suggest a normal skin.
4. Mention three reasons why canvas shoes are suitable for sports.(3mks)
   • They are light in weight hence comfortable to wear.
   • The material is absorbent hence absorbs sweat
   • The material is strong and is able to withstand strain
   • It withstands high heat generated by continuous movement.
5. State five factors to consider when buying clothes for a slim figure.(5mks)
   • Choose light colours as they have an enlarging effects to one’s figure than dark ones.
   • Choose any paltered fabric.
   • Wear clothes with horizontal lines as they have enlarging effect.
   • Avoid tight fitting designs
   • Bulky and fluffy fabrics such as tweed are better that light and smooth ones.
   • Wear medium sized jewellery since large ones emphasize the thinness of the wearer.
   • Choose coloured and patterned tops that are different from the skirt in order to break the thin line.
6. List three nutrients which are necessary for healthy teeth.(3mks)
   • Vit A vetinol
   • Vit D (cholecalciferol)
   • Vit C (Ascorbic acid)
   • Calcium
   • Phosphorus
   • Fluorine
7. Give three ways of caring for the nails.(3mks)
   • Keep the nails short, filed and well – shaped by using a nail cutter.
   • Clean nails regularly with warm soapy water using a nailbrush, rinse and dry.
   • Do not bite nails as they get ugly, rugged and its unhygienic.
   • Remove chipped nail polish as they look ugly.
   • Avoid use of nails for opening cans and bottles as they get damaged.
   • Rub with a little oil to avoid dryness.
   • Eat a balanced diet which in calcium and phosphorus.
   • Give a manicure occasionally.
8. Suggest four methods of disinfecting sterilizing both towel.(4mks)
   • Using chemical disinfectant such as detal
   • Dry in the hot sun for the white ones
   • Boiling cotton and linen ones only
   • Iron with a hot iron for white cotton and linen ones.
9. Give three precautions to take when administering medicine to a patient.(3mks)
   • Never give medicine in the dark
   • Never leave medicine with the reach of children.
   • Never give medicine from unlabelled bottle.
   • Never leave disinfectant or poisons in bottles for medicine
   • When a close is omitted, do not double or increase the next dosage.
10. State the functions of the following:(3mks)
    1. Sebaceous glands
       • Production of sebum which keep the skin supple, thus prevent the skin from drying and cracking.
       • Sebum makes the skin water proof and destroys diseases causing micro-organisms.
    2. Blood capillaries
       • To supply nutrients and oxygen to various part of the skin.
       • To transport excess water and waste products to the sweat glands for excretion.
    3. Nerve ending
11.                
    1. Mention problems that may occur on feet as a result of wearing tight fitting shoes.(3mks)
       • Deformed toes
       • Formation of bunions
       • Formation of corns
    2. What are bunions?(1mk)
       • Painful and ugly swellings that form on toe joints especially the big toe. One because of wearing of tight fitting and wet shoes.
12. Give two reasons for bathing.(2mks)
    • It is health body treatment
    • It stimulates blood circulation
    • It improves the texture of the skin
    • It massages the muscles
    • It keeps one clean and free from germs.
    • It helps to restore vitality in the body
13. Give three preventive measures to take to avoid cuts at home.(3mks)
    • Handle sharp knives with care by holding them by handles.
    • Keep sharp pointed utensils in safe place with their handles up.
    • Do not soak knives together with other utensils in the sink/ basin
    • Keep handles of sharp utensils free from grease to avoid slippage.
    • Broken pots, bottles, empty tins and bones should be disposed off appropriately.
    • Use chopping board while cutting food.
14. Give the use of the following items in a first aid kit.(5mks)
    • Cotton wool /swab – to clean wounds
    • Adhesive dressing - to cover minor cuts
    • Bandages – to be used as a sling
    • Disposable gloves – to be worn for protection when dressing wounds
    • Scissors. - for cutting bandages
15. Give four changes that may occur during adolescence.(4mks)
    • The adolescents wear oversize clothes to hide curves.
    • Girls refuse to eat due to fear of growing fat.
    • Desire to keep to oneself
    • Stooping in girls to hide enlarged breasts
    • Refusal to participate in discussions by boys so as to hide their broken voices
    • Drug abuse, premarital sex, criminal acts and use of abusive and vulgar language.
    • Cheating and disrespect to elders.
16.                
    1. Describe the procedure for laundering a handkerchief.(10mks)
       • Steep in cold salty water for about and hour.
       • The salt act as sterilizer and facilitates the removal of mucus and blood strains.
       • Steep white ones separately from coloured ones.
       • Rinse off the salty water.
       • Rinse in clean hot water to remove soap and dirt
       • Final rinse in cold water to freshen the fabric.
       • Dry white handkerchief in the sun and coloured ones under shade.
       • Use a hot iron to press them while they are slightly damp.
       • Air and store them appropriately.
    2. Outline the procedure for cleaning a pair of white canvas shoes.(10mks)
       • Brush of dust
       • Remove shoe laces wash the separately
       • Remove dust and mud
       • Wash in cold soapy water with a scrubbing brush
       • Clean inside and outside
       • Avoid shaking since it loosen the gum
       • Rinse using warm water then in cold
       • Shake to remove excess water
       • Tilt against the walls/ stones under a shade if coloured and on sun if white to dry.
       • If white apply whitener whole damp and leave to dry.
       • Wipe off excess polish with a dry duster
       • Store dry in a warm place, slightly tilted, fasten shoe laces and store.
       • When completely dry fasten the shoe laces and store them appropriately.