END OF TERM 3
FORM THREE
BIOLOGY PAPER 1
- State three ways in which protein are important to plant. (3marks)
- The diagram below represents a cell organelle.
- Identify the organelle. (1 mark)
- Name the part labeledB. (1 mark)
- State the function of part labeledA. (1 mark)
- Define binominal nomenclature. (1marks)
- Name any two problems that animal species overcome by their dispersion. (2marks)
- Explain why tropical forests do not have undergrowth (2marks)
- How is blood pressure generated and maintained in a vein? (2marks)
- What is the function of catalase? (2marks)
- .
- State the important of cross-pollination to flowering plants. (1mark)
- How is self-pollination a disadvantage to flowering plants? (1mark)
- What is the role of light energy in autotrophic nutrition in spermatophyte? (2 marks)
- How is fur important to desert animal, other than in the regulation of their body temperature?(1mark)
- What are the functions of named product of white blood cells? (3 marks)
- Explain three adaptations of cardiac muscles to their function. (3 marks)
- A form one student trying to estimate the size of onion cells observed the following on the microscope’s field of view.
- Define the term resolving power. (1 mark)
- If the student counted 20 cells across the field of view calculate the size of one cell in micrometers. (2 marks)
- What is tidal volume in ventilation in man? (1mark)
- Define peristalsis and state its importance in the nutrition of mammals. (2 marks)
- The diagram below shows part of plant tissue.
- Name cell labeled X and part labeled W. (2 marks)
- X
- W
- Name cell labeled X and part labeled W. (2 marks)
- Why is the liver part of the digestive system? (2 marks)
- State the importance of cytoplasmic filaments in sieve tube elements. (1 mark)
- State any two characteristics of populations. (2marks)
- Describe any two functions of mitosis? (2 marks)
- The diagram below shows the exchange of gases in alveolus.
- State how the alveoli are adapted to their function. (3 marks)
- Name the cell labeledA. (1 mark)
- What are the external conditions needed, by root hair cells, for the uptake of mineral salts ions from the soil? (2 marks)
- The diagram below represents a pyramid of biomass derived from a certain ecosystem
- Suggest the type of ecosystem from which the pyramid was derived (1mk)
- State the significance of short food chains in an ecosystem (1mk)
- Suggest two reasons for the appearance of glucose in the urine of a man. (2 marks)
- .
- State the source Carbon (IV) oxide in aquatic ecosystems. (2 marks)
- State the importance of Carbon (IV) oxide to aquatic ecosystems. (2 marks)
- The set up below shows apparatus to demonstrate a certain biological process
- What biological process was being investigated in the experiment (1mk)
- Write down a word equation that represents the reaction above (1mk)
- In the above set up, why was it important to boil and cool glucose before adding yeast? (1mk)
- What is the homeostatic importance of cuticles of leaves? (2marks)
- Outline two functions of parenchyma cells in herbaceous plants. (2 marks)
- What is the important of diffusion to red blood cells? (2marks)
- The diagrams below show a pair of homologous chromosomes. Study them and answer the questions that follow.
- State the phenomenon shown above (1mk)
- What is the genetic significance of the phenomenon above? (2mks)
- Account for the thick wall and narrow lumen of an artery. (2marks)
- How do pathogens that enter the body through the respiratory tract in man prevented from causing diseases? (1mark)
- Where does the detoxification of ammonia take place in mammals? (1mark)
- Name the processes that take place in the grana of chloroplast. (2marks)
- The experiment illustrated below was set up to investigate a certain physiological process using a raw tuber
- Suggest a possible physiological process that was being investigated (1mk)
- Explain the results obtained in the above experiment after a few hours (2mks)
- State the observations that would have been made if the experiment was repeated using boiled potato (2mks)
- Name the causative organism of the following diseases
- Malaria (1mk)
- Bilharzia (1mk)
MARKING SCHEME
- The formation of (plant) enzymes; The formation of pigments /chlorophyll; The formation of (plant) hormones / Auxins; The formation of tissues; stored as food reserves (3marks)
- .
- Mitochondrion (reject mitochondria); (1mk)
- Cristae; (1mk)
- Site where respiration occur;
harbors respiratory enzymes] (any one) (1mk)
- System of naming where a species is assigned two scientific names i.e genus and the specific name.
- Reducing can petition; preventing inbreeding; reducing the spread of epidemics; (2marks)
- Light energy is prevented from reaching seedling; they die before they can photosynthesis as they use up all food reserves; (2marks)
- Skeletal muscles contract to press at the blood is veins; the valves prevent the pressure from being drawn backwards; (2marks)
- It catalyzes /speeds up the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide; to harmless water and oxygen (2marks)
- .
- It brings about genetic mixing / variation and so improves hybrid vigour /survival value (1mark)
- Undesirable traits are transferred to progeny reducing the capacity to survive adversity. (1mark)
- It photolysis water; to produce hydrogen ions needed in carbon (IV) oxide fixation (2marks)
- It provides camouflage it provides the animals with a definitive pigment (1mark)
- Agglutinins clump bacteria for phagocytosis Antitoxins denature neutralize poisons. Antibodies dump to bacteria, preventing their activity , opsonins adheres on the surface of the pathogens, lysins digests the cell membrane of the pathogen for the phagocytes to engulf (3marks)
- .
- They are highly branched for rapid transmission of impulse;
- The have intercalated disc for rapid transmission. They do not fatigue / do not form lactic acid
- .
- Resolving power is the ability to distinguish two close parts as separate entities; (1mk)
- Diameter of field of view = 3mm
No of cells 20 cells
1mm = 1000μm
3mm = 3000μm;
Size of 1 cell = 3000/20 = 150μm; (2mks)
- The amount of air taken in exchanged in one breath. (1mark)
- .
- The rhythmic contraction of alimentary canal muscles; it moves food along (the lumen of) the canal (2marks)
- Provides a large surface area for reabsorption of water ions (2marks)
- .
- .
- X – Guard cell;
- W – Stoma; rej. Stomata
- Have chloroplasts that help in the process of photosynthesis;
- Have thin outer wall and thick inner wall to enhance bulging during opening of stomata
- .
- It secrets bile; which is needed in the classification of lipids; and neutralizing of Hydrochloric acid) (2marks)
- The provide space for cytoplasm streaming in the translocation of nutrients. (1mark)
- population density, dispersion
- forms the basis for asexual reproduction, involved in repair of worn out tissues/ cells, involved in growth and development.
-
- Have thin film of moisture to dissolve gases for efficient diffusion;
- Have a thin epithelium for faster diffusion of gases;
- Have a large surface area for maximum gaseous exchange;
- Have a network of blood capillaries for transportation of differing gases;(any three) (3mks)
- Red blood cell; (1mk)
- Have thin film of moisture to dissolve gases for efficient diffusion;
- The growth of an organism due to cell fertilization; healing of wounds; cell replacement of epidermal tissues (2marks)
-
- Aquatic ecosystem
- The shorter the fluid chain, the more energy can be derived from it, hence the larger the population it can support
-
- The different forms of a gene (1mark)
- The ABO blood groups in man (1mark)
- Crossing-over in meiosis I; genetic mixing during fertilization; mutations of genes; the environment of the species; (3mks)
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- Gas produced during anaerobic respiration
- Glucose Ethanol + Carbon (IV) oxide +Energy
- To remove O2; cooling to provide suitable temperature for enzymatic reactions/ avoid destroying/killing yeast
- The availability of oxygen for respiration energy production; A concentration gradient of salt ions in the soil (2marks)
- lack/limited production of insulin by pancreas; injury to the Bowman’s capsule allowing free flow of glucose (2marks)
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- the cells divide mitotically to increase length (1mark)
- Auxins stimulate cell division mitosis and cell elongation) (1mark)
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- Crossing over
- Variations; which may lead to new genetic fruits either advantages or disadvantages to the organism/may lead to evolution
- To carry the blood from the heart which is flowing under very high pressure (2marks)
- The trachea is ciliated to trap the dust particles and other foreign materials (2marks)
- liver (2marks)
- photolysis, conversion of light energy into chemical energy( ATP)(2marks)
-
- Osmosis
- The amount of sucrose solution increase; the sucrose solution has higher osmotic pressure hence passes into the potato cavity.
- There would be no movement of water; because the protoplasm is killed by boiling, hence the semi-permeable membrane. (1marks)
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- Plasmodium (spelling)
- Schistosoma (spelling)
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