KCSE 2014 Music Paper 3 Questions with Marking Scheme

QUESTIONS

SECTION A: BASIC SKILLS (32 marks)

1. Either
   1. Continue the following opening to make a melody of 16 bars for voice, incorporating a sequence and a duplet. Modulate to the relative minor before returning to the tonic key.(12 marks)
      
      or
   2. Using the text below, compose a melody in staff notation. Add phrase marks to indicate cadencial points.(12 marks)
      Mambo hayaji kwa nguvu
      Wala kwa hila, sikia
      Vumilia ule mbivu
      Omba Mungu na ngojea
2. Harmonize the following melody for Soprano, Alto, Tenor and Bass (SATB). Choose appropriate chords from the following: I, II, IV, V and VI. Cadential progressions have been provided. (20 marks)
   

SECTION B: HISTORY AND ANALYSIS (48 marks)
3. AFRICAN MUSIC

1.                        
   1. Identify the community that plays each of the following traditional instruments.(2 marks)
      • Ibirandi 
      • Kigamba 
      • Nzuga 
      • Chimbengele
   2. Name the scientific classification of the instruments in (i) above.(1 mark)
2. Outline four functions of song text in African traditional dances,(4 marks)
3. Ramogi is a Kenyan traditional dance from the Luo community. 
   1. Name the occasion when the dance is performed.(1 mark)
   2. Name three instruments used in the dance.(3 marks)
4. For each of the following dances, name the community that performs it.(3 marks)
   1. Lelemama ...........................
   2. Hella ...........................
   3. Kiveve ...........................

4. WESTERN MUSIC

1. William Byrd
   1. in which period of music history did William Byrd live?(1 mark)
   2. Outline three of his achievements jointly with Thomas Tallis.(3 marks)
   3. How did Byrd manage to hold on to his Catholic faith in an environment that was against it?(2 marks)
   4. What does “My Ladye Novelles Booke" contain? (1 mark)
2. Alessandro Scarlatti
   1. What was Alessandro Scarllatti's nationality?(1 mark)
   2. Outline two sources that influenced Scarlatti's music education background.(2 marks)
   3. What is an Overture?(1 mark)
   4. With reference to tempo, state the plan of Scarlatti's Overture.(1 mark)
   5. Describe the form of Arias in his Opera. (2 marks)
3. Joseph Haydn
   1. What is an Oratorio?(1 mark)
   2. Name the titles of Haydn's two most popular Oratorios?(1 mark)
   3. What inspired Haydn to write the two Oratorios?(1 mark)
   4. Explain the significance of patronage in the success of Haydn's musical career.(4 marks)
4. Antonin Dvorak
   1. What type of work is "From the New World"?(1 mark)
   2. State four characteristic features that give the work in (i) above its popularity.(4 marks)
   3. Outline Dvorak's career appointments during the following periods:
      • 1892 - 1895 ...........................
      • 1901 - 1904 ...........................(1 mark)

5. PRESCRIBED TRADITIONAL AFRICAN MUSIC
Borana Folk Dance by Gitabini Secondary School(KMF Recording).

1. Describe the sequence of activities in the introductory section.(2 marks)
2. Describe the singing style in the performance.(3 marks)
3. Name two vocal ornaments employed in the performance.(2 marks)
4. State how the rhythm is marked and sustained throughout the performance(2 marks)
5. Describe the ending of the performance(1 mark)

6. PRESCRIBED WESTERN MUSIC
Contrapunctus 4 from The Art of Fugue By J. S. Bach

1. With reference to bar numbers, give examples of:
   1. Tonic pedal(1 mark)
   2. Scalic movements that form a complete scale.(2 marks)
   3. Tierce de Picardie.(1 mark)
2. Which fugal device describes the entry in bar 5?(1 mark)
3. Describe the key scheme in reference to the following sections:(1)
   1. Bars 44 to 52.(2 marks)
   2. Bars 125 to 130.(2 marks)
4. Which device has the composer used to create syncopation throughout the work?(1 mark)

SECTION C: GENERAL MUSIC KNOWLEDGE (20 marks)
7.

1. Define each of the following 
   1. Symphony(1 mark)
   2. Piano Quintet (1 mark)
   3. Word Painting.(1 mark)
   4. Gregorian chant (1 mark)
2. Identify each of the following as either transverse or oblique flute.
   1. Muturiru (¹/₂ marks) 
   2. Auleru (¹/₂ marks)
   3. Ekibiswi(¹/₂ marks)
   4. Biringi (¹/₂ marks)
   5. Ndurerut(¹/₂ marks)
   6. Chivoti(¹/₂ marks)
3.              
   1. State two elements of a song. (2 marks)
   2. Identify three features that distinguish Adeudeu from Litungu.(3 marks)
4. Refer to the melody below and describe its general features listed.
   
   
   1. Rhythm ....................................(1 mark)
   2. Tonality....................................(1 mark)
   3. Phrasing ....................................(1 mark)
   4. Texture....................................(1 mark)
   5. Range....................................(1 mark)
   6. Meter ....................................(1 mark)
   7. Dynamics ....................................(1 mark)
   8. Ending....................................(1 mark)

MARKING SCHEME

1.              
   1.                        
      • 16 bars
      • Lyricism (singability) - within voice range
      • Modulation (well established)
        • 1 mark for the new key
        • 1 mark for the return to the tonic)
      • Cadences (any 2 including the final perfect cadence)
      • Sequence
      • Duplet
      • Phrasing-(2 bar phrasing)
      • Melodic curve and climax
      • Rhythm (variety, conformity)
        Total 12 marks
   2.                      
      • Text setting to music (speech rhythm/accents (1 mark for each line)
        1/2 marks
      • Rhythm variety (mark as a whole) 1 mark
      • Lyricism2 marks
      • Cadences (1 mark each for any 2 including the final)2 marks
      • Suitable time signature1 mark
      • Melodic curve/climax/shape1 mark
      • Syllabic division (2 mark for 1 two lines, mark for next two) 1 mark
      • Phrase marks (as a whole)1 mark
      • Musicianship/creativity (choice of key, performance instructions, word painting)1 mark
        Total 12 marks
2. Award marks as follows:
   • Chords - 1/2 mark for each correct chord 7 marks
   • Voice leading (1 mark for each voice- ATB)  3 marks
   • Correct cadences at the end of each phrase- 1 mark each  2 marks
   • Voice range - mark as a whole 1 mark
   • Progression (devoid of faults) 7 marks
   • Deduct I mark each for any of the following faults (maximum deduction 7 marks)
   • Consecutive perfect 5ths1 mark each
   • Parallel octaves 1 mark each
   • Crossing of parts 1 mark each
   • Spacing 1 mark each
   • Doubled 3rds in major chords 1 mark each
   • Doubled leading note1 mark each
   • Wrong use of 2 inversion chords or six-four chords 1 mark each
   • Wrong rhythms (mark as a whole) 1 mark
   • Stems (mark as a whole) 1 mark
   • Exposed Sths or 8ves 1 mark each
   • From unison to Sths or 8ves and vice versa 1 mark each
   • Overlapping 1 mark
   • Others - missing clefs, key signature, wrong note values, missing double bar lines, missing brace, 1 mark each
     If more than half the chords are wrong then no harmony
     Total 20 marks

SECTION B: HISTORY AND ANALYSIS (48 MARKS)
AFRICAN MUSIC
3.

1.                      
   1. Instrument             Community
      Ibirandi                    Kuria
      Kigamba                  Kikuyu
      Nzuga                      Mijikenda
      Chimbengele            Luhya (Bukusu)
      1/2  mark each for each correct community  2 marks
   2. Idiophones 1 mark
2.                    
   • Used to cue in dancers
   • Enhances the mood
   • Expresses the theme of the dance
   • Facilitates the styles and movements of the dance
   • Facilitates dance formations
   • Communicates messages to dancers and audience
   • Articulates rhythm of the dance/song
     1 mark each for any four correct functions = 4 marks
3.                      
   1. Funeral/Entertainment/commemoration/celebrations
   2. Bul, Oporo (Tung), Ajawa (Puga), Asili, Gara, Abu,
      1 mark each for any 3 relevant instruments 3 marks
4.                  
   1. Swahili 1 mark
   2. Somali  1 mark
   3. Akamba 1 mark

4. WESTERN MUSIC

1. William Byrd
   1. Renaissance            1 mark
   2.              
      • Given monopoly of printing and selling music for 20 years
      • Appointment as organist at Chapel Royal
      • Published a collection of Latin Motets Cantiones Sacrae. 1 mark each (3 marks)
   3.                  
      • His service to the Anglican Church as an organist
      • His closeness to the Queen/Loyalty to the Queen
      • His several English compositions especially for the Anglican Church
      • His being a fine musician made him to be respected
      • Most of the Catholic music was for private use
        2 marks for any relevant point   (2 marks)
   4. A collection of 42 of Byrd's keyboard/virginal pieces produced under his supervision 1 mark
2. Alessandro Scarlatti
   1. Italian/Sicilian 1 mark
   2.              
      • Born in a family of musicians.
      • Studied music in Rome/ studied music with Giocomo Carissimi
      • He was a choir boy at the local church 
      • He learnt rudiments of music from Barnardo Pasquini
        1 mark each for any two relevant points = 2 marks
   3. Piece of orchestral music preceding an opera or oratorio 1 mark
   4. Quick - slow - quick (fast - slow- fast)1 mark
   5. In ternary form (ABA) but with the first two sections written out, with the use of D.C. at the end/Da capo aria2 marks
3. Joseph Haydn
   1. Large scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists, and orchestra, set to narrative text based on biblical stories.1 mark 
   2. The Seasons 
      The Creation 1/2 mark each total         1 mark 
   3. Handel's oratorios/works 1 mark
   4. Steady income
      His works were performed regularly 
      Access to music publishing
      Organization of a workable schedule
      Availability of performance facilities
      He received encouragement and approvals 
      He had opportunities to experiment 
      As a composer he became more original
      1 mark each for any 4 relevant points = 4 marks
4. Antonin Dvorak
   1. A symphony 1 mark
   2. Use of syncopation
      Use of modal scales
      Use of pentatonic scales
      Colourful orchestration and thematic material
      Contrasting movements with the use of thematic material
      Merging the black American spiritual music and the Czech folk music
      1 mark each for any 4 relevant points = 4 marks
   3. 1892 - 1895 in New York - Director of National Conservancy of Music  1 mark
   4. 1901 - 1904 in Prague - Director of Prague Conservancy 1 mark

5. PRESCRIBED AFRICAN TRADITIONAL MUSIC

1.                    
   • Drumming
   • Ululation
   • Singing
   • Chanting
   • Clapping
     2 marks for the first two in sequence = 2 marks
2.                
   • Call-response
   • Female soloist with a mixed choral response
   • Male soloist with a mixed choral response
   • Unison singing
   • Overlap between the soloist and choral response
   • Repetition of parts
   • Chanting
     1 mark each for any 3 relevant styles = 3 marks
3.                  
   • Vocal interjections
   • Ululations
   • Stylistic shouts
     1 mark for each ornament = 2 marks
4.                  
   • Dominant drum rhythm
   • Use of clapping
   • Accentuated singing
     2 marks for any one relevant point = 2 marks
5.                  
   • Choral response Female solo with mixed
   • Slowing towards an abrupt ending 
   • Short ending
     1 mark for any correct point = I mark

6. PRESCRIBEDWESTERN MUSIC
Contrapunctus 4 from The Art of Fugue by J. S. Bach

1.                          
   1. Bar 135 - 138  (1 mark)
   2. Bars 27, 57, 60, 69, 72 (2 mark)
      1 mark for any 2 correct bars
   3. Bar 138 (1 mark)
2. Answer (1 mark)
3.                  
   1. Bars 44 - 52: C major to A minor (1 mark for each key mentioned)(2 mark)
   2. Bars 125 - 130: D minor to G minor (1 mark for each key mentioned) (2 mark)
4. A tie across bar lines(1 mark)

SECTION C: GENERAL MUSIC KNOWLEDGE (20 MARKS)
7.

1.                                
   1. Symphony - An instrumental work for orchestra in 4 movements
      - Sonata for the orchestra 
   2. Piano Quintet- An instrumental work for 2 violins, viola, cello and piano
      - Piano and string quartet 
   3. Word painting - A technique or style of writing music that reflects the literal
      meaning of the song. 
   4. Gregorian Chant - A monophonic or unison liturgical music of the Roman
      Catholic Church used to accompany the text of the mass.
2.                        
   1. Muturiru       oblique
   2. Auleru          oblique
   3. Ekibiswi        transverse
   4. Biringi          oblique
   5. Ndurerut      transverse
   6. Chivoti         transverse
      Total 3 marks
3.                  
   1. Elements of a song:
      • Pitch
      • Rhythm
      • Text
      • Timbre
      • Melody
      • Harmony
      • Form
        1 mark for any 2 correct elements = 2 marks
   2.                                
      • Adeudeu                                               Litungu
      • 1 curved arm                                        two straight arms 
      • Curved arm holds pegs/strings               strings tied on knobs 
      • Pegs used for tuning the strings             knobs used for tuning the strings 
      • Strings run at an angle from resonator to the neck  - strings run straight from crossbar to the resonator over a bridge
      • Five strings                                            five to eight strings
        1 mark for any 3 correct points = 3 marks