CHEMISTRY PAPER 2 - KCSE 2019 ALLIANCE MOCK EXAMINATION

1. The grid below shows a section of the periodic table, the letters are not the actual chemical symbol.
   
   
   1. Name the family into which element P belongs to ( 1mk)
   2. Which two elements forms the most soluble carbonates (2mks )
   3. With a reason, identify elements in period 3 with the largest atomic radius (2mks )
   4. Write the formula of the compound formed between Q and M (1mk )
   5. State two uses of element R and for each use , state property of element R that makes lts possible for the use
      1.  Use  ( 1mk)              
         Property  (1mk)
      2. Use    (1mk)
         Property (1mk)
   6. Using dots and cross ,show bonding in the compound formed between R and oxygen (2mks )
   7. In terms of structure and bonding explain why the oxides of element Thas relatively low boiling points  (2mks)
2.  
   1. name the following compounds                                                                                           (3mks)
      1. CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH  
      2.  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
      3. CH₃CH₂OOCCH₂CH₃
   2. Two types of detergents P and Q can be represented as
      P: R - COONa
      
      
      1. Identify each type of the detergent                                                               (2mks)
      2. Which of the two detergents is the best to use with hard water? Give a reason(2mks)
      3. State one advantage of detergent P                                                                (1mk)
      4. State one disadvantage of detergent Q                                                         (1mk)
   3. An hydrocarbon can be represented as follows
      
      
      1. Identify the hydrocarbon                                                                                            (1mk)
      2. Name two reagents that can reacted together to generate the hydrocarbon                         (2mks)  

3.  
   1. Name two apparatuses that can be used for determining mass in a laboratory          (2mks)
   2. One of the flames produced by Bunsen burner is the luminous flame
      1. Explain why this flame is very bright (1mk )
      2. State two disadvantages of the luminous flame (2mks)
   3. Air is usually one of the substances that is considered as a mixture
      1. Identify the two most abundant component of air                                        (2mks )
      2. Give two reasons why the air is considered as a mixture                               (2mks)
      3. One of the components of air is carbon (iv) oxide. Describe an experiment that can be used to prove the presence of carbon (iv) oxide in the air  (2mks)

4.  
   1. The diagram below shows the process used to obtain Sulphur from underground deposits
      
      
      1. Name the above process used to obtain sulphur from the underground deposits        (1mk)
      2. Name the substance passed through pipe
         A          (1mk)
         B         (1mk)
      3. State two properties of Sulphur that makes it possible to extract using the above process    (2mks)
   2. The diagram below shows the contact process used in the manufacture of concentrated sulphuric(vi) acid Identify the following:
      
      
      1. Substance Q formed in the burner (1mk)
      2. Chamber T                                                                                                      (1mk)
      3. Substance R                                                                                                    (1mk)  
      4. Substance S                                                                                                     (1mk)
   3. Write the chemical equation occurring in the dilution chamber (1mk)
   4. Why is it necessary to pass substance Q though a purifier                                         (1mk)
   5. State one use of sulphuric (VI) acid (1mk)
5.  
   1. Calamine is one of the ores from which zinc can be extracted from
      1. Name any other ore from which zinc can be extracted from                          (1mk)
      2. The calamine is usually decomposed by heating to obtain substance M as shown below  
         ZnCO₃ →M + CO₂
         Identify substance M                                                                                      (1mk)
      3. Identify two methods that can be used to obtain zinc from substance M     (2mks)
   2. During the extraction of zinc, name two gases likely to emitted into the air and that are likely to cause pollution   (2mk)
   3. State one likely pollution effects of each of the gases you have mentioned in (a) above (2mks)
   4. State one possible use of zinc metal                                                                                      (1mk)

6.  
   1. define the term electrolysis                                                                                             (1mk)
   2. State two functions of a salt bridge during electrolysis                                                  (2mks)
   3. The reduction potential of elements K, L, M, and P are as given below.
      
      
      1. Which letter represents the, strongest reducing agent? give a reason (2mks)
      2. Which two letters represent elements whose half cells would form an electrochemical cell with the largest e.m.f?  (1mk)
      3. Calculate the e.m.f of the cell formed in (ii) above                                                    (2mks)
   4. During the electrolysis of a molten chloride of metal Q, a current of 0.25A was passed though the molten chloride for 2 hours and 10minutes. Given that 0.9grams of metal Q were deposited at the cathode.
      1. Calculate the quantity of electricity passed                                                               (1mk)
      2. Charge carried by the ions of metal Q given that R.A.M of metal Q is 84                (3mks)
7.  
   1. starting with magnesium oxide, describe how you can obtain a dry sample of magnesium Carbonate     (3mks)
   2.  
      1. Give one example of an acid salt          ( 1mk)
      2. When sodium nitrate was heated a solid A and gas B were produced identify solid A and gas B    (2mks)
      3. State two uses of gas B produced in (ii) above                                              (2mks)
   3. State two factors that should be considered when choosing a fuel                                 (2mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1.  
   1. Noble gases
   2. K and W
   3. Q, it has lowest nuclear charge hence electrons in the energy level are least pulled towards the nucleus
   4. Q₃M₂ or Mg₃N₂
   5. Used for making sufuria /cooking pan
      Property – good conductor of heat
      Used for making overhead cables
      Property – not easily corroded / good conductor of electricity (penalize electrical cables)
   6.  
      
   7. It has molecular structure with weak van der waals forces of attraction between the molecules which require little energy to break.

2.  
   1.  
      1. Butanoic acid
      2. 2,5 _ dibromo -4-methylpent-1,3-diene
      3. Enthyl propanoate
   2.  
      1. P-soapy detergent
         Q – soaplesss detergent
      2. Q – does not form scum with hard water or it lathers easily
      3. It is biodegradable
      4. It is non-biodegradable  hence pollutes the environment
   3.  
      1. Ethene
      2. Ethanol and concentrated sulphuric (VI) acid

3.  
   1. Top pan balance
      Electronic balance
      Beam balance
   2.  
      1. Due to incomplete combustion, it produces white hot carbon particles that emittes a lot of light
      2. It produces soot that makes apparatus dirty
         It does not produce much heat
   3. Nitrogen and oxygen
      It can be separated by physical means
      Components of air are not chemically combined
      Pass air through lime water (Ca(OH)2) the lime water forms white precipitate indicating presence of carbon(IV)oxide

4.  
   1. Frasch process
      A – hot compressed air
      C – super heated water
      It has low boiling point
      It is insoluble in water
   2. Sulphur (IV)oxide
      Catalytic chamber 
      Concentrated sulphuric (VI)acid
      Water
   3.  
      1. H₂S₂O_7(l) + H₂O_(l) →H₂SO_4(l)
      2. To remove impurities which may poison the catalyst
   4. Manufacture of fertilizer
      Manufacture of detergent
      Manufacture of dyes and paints
      Used in lead acid accumulators
      (any one correct)

5.  
   1. Zinc blende (penalize zinc sulphide )
      ZnO
      Reduction using carbon or carbon (II) oxide
      It is converted to zinc sulphate and electrolyzed
   2. Sulphur {IV} oxides/SO₂
      Carbon {IV} oxide /CO₂
   3. Sulphur {IV} oxide leads to formation of acid rain
      Carbon oxide causes global warming
   4. Zinc is used to galvanise iron to prevent it form rusting
      To make brass an alloy of copper and zinc                          
      {any one correct}

6.  
   1. Electrolysis is the chemical decomposition of an electrolyte using electrical energy
   2. Complete the circuit by making contact between the two solutions
      Maintains balance of charges in electrolytes by providing ions to replace those that are used up or those that are formed
   3.  
      1. M – it has the most negative  value
      2. M and N
      3. E =E R-h-s
         +0.52 – [-2.69]
         =+3.21v
      4. Q = 1 t
         =0.25 x 130x60  
         =1950C
      5.  
         

7.  
   1. Add magnesium oxide to HNO₃/HCL/H₂SO₄ till in excess
      -Filter to obtain the filtrate
      Add Na2CO3[any soluble carbonate] solution
      -Filter to obtain insoluble magnesium carbonate
      -Rinse and dry between filter papers
   2.  
      1. NaHSO₄ /KHSO₄
      2. Solid A – NaNO₂/Sodium nitrate
         Gas B – O₂/oxygen
      3. Mixed with helium is used by mountain climbers and deep sea divers
         Air enriched with oxygen is used in hospitals by patients with breathing difficulties
   3. Availability
      Cost of fuel
      Heating value
      {any two correct}