HISTORY PAPER 2 - 2019 KCSE CEKENA MOCK EXAMINATION (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)

Instructions to candidates

• This paper consists of three sections: A, B and C
• Answer all the questions in section A, three questions from section B and two questions from section C.
• Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that no questions are missing.
• Candidates should answer the questions in English.

SECTION A (25marks)

1. Identify one type of artefact that is likely to be found in an archaeological site (1mk)
2. Name one source of information on the creation theory (1mk)
3. Give two reasons why early human beings lived in groups during the stone age period (2mks)
4. Give two inventions that led to the Agrarian revolution in Britain (2mks)
5. Give the main form of transport that was used in the trans-Saharan trade (1mk)
6. State two limitations of animal transport (2mks)
7. State two advantages of using fire and smoke signals (2mks)
8. Identify the greatest contribution of Michael Farady (1mk)
9. Identify one symbol of unity in Shona kingdom during the pre-colonial period (1mk)
10. Identify two European activities in Africa during the 19^th century (2mks)
11. Name the Lozi leader who collaborated with the British in the late 19^th century (1mk)
12. Name the political party that led Ghana to independence in the 1957 (1mk)
13. Name two Africans who participated in liberation movement in Mozambique (2mks)
14. Give the immediate cause of the first world war (1mk)
15. Identify the military strategy adopted by the Germans in their invasion of neutral Belgium during the first world war (1mk)
16. Identify two super powers that were involved in the cold war (2mks)
17. Name two European countries that formed the triple alliance before the outbreak of the first world war (2mks)

SECTION B (45MKS): Answer any three questions

18.  
    1. Give three stages of evolution of man before Homo Erectus (3mks)
    2. Describe ways in which the discovery of fire by early man improved his way of life (12mks)
19.  
    1. Give three problems faced by factory workers in Europe during industrial revolution (3mks)
    2. Explain six factors that have promoted industrialization in South Africa (12mks)
20.  
    1. Give three methods used by European powers to establish colonial power in Africa(3mks)
    2. Effects of Mandinka resistance against the French (12mks)
21.  
    1. Identify five contributions made by Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana in promoting Pan-Africanism (5mks)
    2. Describe five factors undermining African union since its formation (10mks)                                   

SECTION C (30MKS): Answer any two questions from this section

22.  
    1. Give three functions of the Kabaka of Buganda during the pre-colonial period (3mks)
    2. Describe the political organization of the Shona during the pre-colonial period

23.  
    1. Give three reasons why the United states of America (USA) did not join powers in the second world war until 1917 (3mks)
    2. Explain six factors that made the allied forces to defeat the axis powers in the Second World War (12mks)
24.  
    1. Identify five main organs of the United Nations (5mks)
    2. Explain five ways through which the United Nations promotes peace in the world (10mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. Identify one type of artefact that is likely to be found in an archaeological site (1x1=1mk)
   • Foods
   • Weapons
   • Pottery
   • Ornaments
   • Garments
   • Coins

2. Name one source of information on the creation theory 1x1=(1mk)
   • The Bible
   • The Koran

3. Give two reasons why early human beings lived in groups during the stone age period (2x1=2mks)
   • For companionship
   • For security
   • To share resources
   • To help one another

4. Give two inventions that led to the Agrarian revolution in Britain (2x1=2mks)
   • The seed drill
   • The horse drawn hoe
   • Selective breeding of livestock
   • Introduction of fertilizer
   • Mechanical reaper
   • Mechanical thresher

5. Give the main form of transport that was used in the trans-Saharan trade (1x1=1mk)
   Animal transport/camel/horse

6. State two limitations of animal transport (2x1=2mks)
   • Has limited carrying capacity
   • Is time consuming/slow
   • Some animals are stubborn
   • Limited to day time and not right time

7. State two advantages of using fire and smoke signals (2x1=2mks)
   • Message could only be understood by the communities using them
   • They conveyed messages faster
   • It was a cheap method
   • Message could reach many people

8. Identify the greatest contribution of Michael Farady (1x1=1mk)
   • He invented electricity
9. Identify one symbol of unity in Shona kingdom during the pre-colonial period (1x1=1mk)
   • The royal fire

10. Identify two European activities in Africa during the 19^th century (2x1=2mks)
    • Trading
    • Spreading Christianity
    • Exploring
    • Establishing settlements
    • Colonization
    • Mining
    • Establishing western education
    • Establishing western health facilities

11. Name the Lozi leader who collaborated with the British in the late 19^th century (1x1=1mk)
    • Lewanika

12. Name the political party that led Ghana to independence in the 1957 (1X1=1mk)
    • The convention people’s party (CPP)

13. Name two Africans who participated in liberation movement in Mozambique (2x1=2mks)
    • Samora Machel
    • Eduardo Mondlane

14. Give the immediate cause of the first world war (1x1=1mk)
    • The assassination of Arch duke Franz Ferdinand and his wife

15. Identify the military strategy adopted by the Germans in their invasion of neutral Belgium during the first world war (1x1=1mk)
    • The Schlieffen plan

16. Identify two super powers that were involved in the cold war (2x1=2mks)
    • USA
    • USSR

17. Name two European countries that formed the triple alliance before the outbreak of the first world war (2x1=2mks)
    • Germany
    • Austria-Hungary
    • Italy
    • Romania

SECTION B (45MKS): Answer any three questions

18.  
    1. Three stages of evolution of man before Homo Erectus (3mks)
       • Aegyptopithecus
       • Dryopithecus
       • Kenyan pithecus/Ramapithecus
       • Australopithecus
       • Homo Habilis 3X1 = 3MKS)
    2. How the discovery of Fire improved man’s way of life
       -Used fire for warmth during cold seasons/Night
       -Used fire for cooking/roasting so ate cooked food.
       -Used fire for lighting
       -Used fire for hunting
       -Used fire to migrate to colder arrears
       -Used fire for food preservation
       -Used fire for communication
       -Used to harden tips of tools.       (6x 2 = 12mks)
19.  
    1. Problems faced by factory workers in Europe during industrial revolution (3mks)
       -Poor wages
       -Poor waking conditions
       -Long working hours
       -Exposed to accidents
    2. Factors that have promoted industrialization in South Africa (12mks)
       - Availability of natural resources eg bauxite, fin, chromium, gold, diamond
       -South Africa industrial goods are high quality so they compete favourably.
       -The high population provides both skilled and unskilled labour.
       -They have sources of energy eg Hydro electric power (HEP) for use in industries.
       -Good infrastructure ie road, water and salivary transport.
       -Availability of capital which is
       -Political stability after the end of apartheid
       -Government support
       -Large market for industrial products 6x 2 = 12
20.  
    1. Give three methods used by European powers to establish colonial power in Africa
       -Company rule
       -Signing treades
       -Military conquest
       -Diplomacy
       -Treachery         3x 1 = 3mks
    2. Effects of Mandinka resistance against the French
       -Loss of lives – Many people died because of the war.
       -Destruction of property – Because of the search – earth policy, property was destroyed.
       -Loss of independence the Mandnika lost their independence.
       -Disruption of economic activity. Mandinka lost control over all their trading activates and gold mines.
       -Samoris capture: Samori Toure was finally captured and departed to Gaban.
       -Displacement The people of Mandika were forced to free from their areas.
       -Famine: the people of Mandinka experienced mass saturation due to scharched earth policy.
       -Nationalism The resistance formed the background for African fight for Independence in west Africa.                     (6x 2 = 12mks)
21.  
    1. Five contributions made by Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana in promoting Pan-Africanism (5mks)
       -After the 1945 Manchester conference. African delegate agreed to go back to Africa and lead their country into independence. He went back to Ghana in 1947
       -He organized the first pan African congress on African soil in April 1958 where he invited all the independent countries heads.
       -In December 1948 he organized a conference where he invited all the African nationalists.
       -He formed CPP which led to the independence of Ghana in 1957.
       -After the independence of Ghana he started giving financial and moral support to other African countries   5x 1 = 5mks
    2. Describe five factors undermining African union since its formation (10mks)
       -Political instability has hampered the work of OAU
       -Boarder disputes Boundary disputes have crated bitter quarrels. These quarrels undermined the wak of OAU.
       -Personal differences between African leaders eg between Idi – Amin and Nyerere,
       -Interference by major powers in African affairs. USA, Britain, France and USSR meddled in African affairs, hampering the walk of OAU.
       -Inadequate financial support from member states because many countries are poor.
       -Lack of an army to enforce its decisions.
       -Ideological differences between members during the cold war.
       -National interest override the interests of the union.
       
       SECTION C (30MKS): Answer any two questions from this section
22.  
    1. Three functions of the Kabaka of Buganda during the pre-colonial period (3mks)
       -Head of traditional religion/Lubaate
       -Head of state and government
       -Commander in chief of the army
       -Head of judiciary/ final court of appeal
       -He appointed and dismissed chiefs                   
       (3x 1 = 3mks)
    2. Describe the political organization of the Shona during the pre-colonial period
       -The shona were ruled by an emperor called Mweremutapa. The emperors position was hereditary.
       -The emperor was assisted by many officials: The queen mother, the queen sister, the emperors nine principal wives etc.
       -The empire had a standing army whose duty was to defend the Empire and conquer new lands.
       -The empire was divided into provinces which were headed by lesser kings. They paid tribute to the King.
       -The Mwere Mutapa was the chief religious authority/ Semi divne.
       -The symbol of national unity was the Royal fire.
       -The emperor controlled trade activities whose revenue was used to sustain the empire and the army.
       (6x 2 = 12mks)
23.  
    1. Three reasons why USA was reluctant to join the first world war until 1917 (5mks)
       -Because of the moiré doctrine of 1823 which discouraged her from interfering in European affairs.
       -The war had not directly interfered with USA’S interest up to 1916.
       -Some of USA’S citizens were German in origin and she did not want to offered them.
       (3x1 = 3mks)
    2. Factors that made the Allied force to defeat the Axis powers in the second world war. (10mks)
       -Allied forces had many supporters and a large army that outnumbered the Axis
       -USA entered the war on the side of Allies boosting them with resources and military power.
       -Allied forces had superior weapons including an atomic bomb.
       -Axis made serous tactical mistakes eg Japan failed to learn aobut the importance of aircraft carriers.
       -Germany failed to control her expansive conquered territories creating divisions.
       -Axis suffered from shortage of raw materials eg rubber, cotton and nicked oil fro sustaining their military and the economy.
       -USSR recovered form loses rearmed herself and attacked Germany
       -The Axis failed to sealize that war with Britain world involve her Empire.
       6x 2 = 12mks
24.  
    1. Main organs of the United Nations (3mks)
       -The General Assembly
       -The security council
       -The international court of justice
       -The secretariat
       -Economic and Social council
       -Trusteeship council                           
       5x 1 = 5mks
    2. Five ways through which the UN promotes peace
       -Sends UN peace and security keeping missions to conflict zones.
       -Un sends observers, fact finding missions, mediators and special ways and representatives to negotiate or arbitrate between opposing groups.
       -ON imposes santicaus against states that defy its resolution eg Labia
       -The ICT setters disputes among states.
       -UN peace messengers encourage and coordinate peace
       5 x 2 = 10mks