Agriculture Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Mincks Group of Schools Mock Examinations 2022

INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATES

Write your name and index number in the spaces provided above.
This paper consists of three sections;-A, B and C.
Answer all questions in section A and B and any two questions in section C
All answer must be written in the spaces provided.
Candidates should check the question papers to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
Candidates should answer the question in English.

For examiners only

SECTION	QUESTIONS	MAXIMUM SCORE	CADIDATES SCORE
A	1 – 18	30 MARKS
B	19 - 22	20 MARKS
C	23 24 25	20 20 20
T O T A L M A R K S		110

QUESTIONS

SECTION A 30 MARKS

State FOUR factors that determine the strength of concrete in building and construction. (2mks)
State the factors that a farmer should consider when siting a bee hive to prevent swarming. (2mks)
Name ONE livestock disease that is transmitted by the following parasites (1mks)
1. Brown ear tick
2. Tsetse fly
State TWO factors that enable ruminants to break Fibrous food materials . (1Mk)
State FOUR breeds of rabbits. (2mks)
State FOUR essentials of clean milk production. (2mks)
State FOUR measures that should be taken to control brucellosis in cattle. (2mks)
State FOUR ways of restraining cattle (2mks)
State FOUR advantages of battery cage system. (2mks)
State FOUR maintenance of a Jackplain (2mks)
State TWO functions of ventilation in a farm house. (1mk)
Define the following terms as used in sheep rearing. (2mks)
1. Hogget
2. Burling
3. Ringing
4. Wigging
State TWO types of selection practiced by livestock farmers. (1mk)
State FOUR factors that lead to long calving interval in cattle. (2mks)
Outline THREE methods of harnessing tractor power. (1 ½ mks)
State TWO causes of small sized eggs in poultry. (1mk)
State FOUR functions of the lubricating system in a tractor. (2mks)
State THREE qualities considered when selecting a heifer for dairy purposes (1 ½ mks)

SECTION B.

Study the diagram below of a diesel fuel system then answer the questions that follow.
1. Identify the parts labelled (3mks)
  A
  B
  C
2. State TWO maintenance practices carried out on the system (2mks)
Below are diagrams of certain parasites. Study them carefully and answer the questions that follow.
1. Identify parasites C.D and E (3mks)
  C
  D
  E
2. State TWO categories of the parasites above. (2mks)
Below is an activity carried out in poultry production. Study it carefully then answer the questions that follow.
1. Identity the practice being carried out/ (1mk)
2. State FOUR defects that can be detected by this practice. (4mks)
Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.
1. Name the parts labelled M,N,P (3mks)
  M
  N
  P
2. State ONE function of parts labelled M & P (2mks)
  M
  P

SECTION C ( 40 MARKS).
INSTRUCTIONS: All Questions have equal; marks. Chose any two.

1. Describe advantages of Ai practice in livestock production. (10mks)
2. Differentiate between petrol and diesel engine. (5mks)
3. Describe the components of a spray race (5mks)
1. Describe FIVE management practices carried out on hedge. (5mks)
2. State the general symptoms of endoparasite attack. (10mks)
3. Describe the uses of various equipments that are used in honey harvesting. (5mks)
1. State the maintenance practices of a mouldbord plough/ (5mks)
2. Describe mastitis under the following sub headings.
  1. Animal affected (2mks)
  2. Pre-disposing factors (5mks)
  3. Symptoms of attack (3mks)
3. State FIVE factors to be considered when selecting construction materials. (4mks)

MARKING SCHEME

State four factors hat determine the strength of concrete in building and construction.
- Appropriate mixing
- absence of impurution
- Duration of drying
- Size of individual aggregate
  (1/2 x 4 = 2mks)
State the factors that a farmer should consider when siting a bee hive to prevent swarming. (2mks)
- availability of water
- Availability of flower
- sheltered place
- free from pest and disease
- away from human and livestock. ½ x 4 = 2mks
Name ONE livestock disease that is transmitted by the following parasites (2mks)
1. Brown ear tick
  - ECF, corridor disease, Nairobi sheep disease ( 1 x ½ = ½ mk
2. Tsetse fly
  - Trypanosomiasis/Nagara (1 x ½ = ½ mk)
State two factors that enable ruminants to break Fibrous food materials .(1mk)
- large Caecum
- presence of rumen (1/2 x 2 = 1mk)
State FOUR breeds of rabbits. (2mks).
- chichilla
- carifonia white
- New Zealand White
- Ear lope
- Flemish giant
State FOUR essentials of clean milk production. (2mks)
- Clean udder
- Clean milking , clean milking parlar
- Healthy milking herd
- Clean milk equipment
- Infected cows be milked last and their milk disposed,
- Avoid feeds that taint milk
- Clean milk man
- Healthy milking man
  ½ x 4 = 2mks)
State FOUR measures that should be taken to control brucellosis in cattle. (2mks)
- Use Al services-
- Culling & slaughtering & well disposal of carcass
- Vaccination of young animals
- Attendants to avoid contact with aborted foetus
- Hygiene
- Blood test is done & central measures are done efficiently ( ½ x 4 = 2mks)
State FOUR ways of restraining cattle (2mks).
- Use rope/halter/casting
- Use of leadstick & bull ring
- Use of crush
- Use of the yoke
- Use of isolation yard/pen
- Casting
State FOUR advantages of battery cage system. (2mks)
- Less feeds due to little excensize
- Easy to coil since less productive birds are detected.
- No bloodness due to less egg contact
- Low spread of parasite and diseases
- Accurate individual bird records can be kept
- High rate of egg production
- Vices ae reduces
  ½ x 4 = 2mks
State four maintenance of a Jackplain (2mks)
- Clean after use
- Lublicate the adjustable screw
- sharpening the blade when blant
- Replacing broken parts
  ½ x 4 = 2MKS
State TWO functions of ventilation in a farm house. (1mk)
- Allow air calculation in the house
- Control temperatures in the house
- prevent humid conditions inside the house.
  1//2 x 2 = 1mk
Define the following terms as used in sheep rearing. (2mks)
- Hogget – immature female sheep ½ mk
- Burling – cutting wool around the teats of ewe to enable easy sucking. ½
- Ringing- Cutting wool around penis shealth of rams to facilitate easy mating
- Wigging- Cutting wool around the face of the sheep to prevent wool blindness.
  ½ x 4 = 2mks
State TWO types of selection practiced by livestock farmers. (1mk)
- Mass secretion
- Progency testing
- Contemporary comparation
State FOUR factors that lead to long calving interval in cattle. (2mks)
- Poor nutrition
- Poor health
- Incorrect timing of service
- Irregular timing of service
- Irregular heat sign
Outline THREE methods of harnessing tractor power. (1 ½ mks)
- P.T.O
- Use of draw bar
- Use of hitchmoot(three point lenkage)
  (1/2 x 2 = 1 ½ mks)
State TWO causes of small sized eggs in poultry. (1mk)
- Breed characterics (local breeds)
- Age- young pullets lay small eggs
- Nutrition – poorly fed eggs – lay small eggs
  (½ x2 = 1mk)
State FOUR functions of the lubricating system in a tractor. (2mks)
- Reduce friction/increase efficiency
- Prevents rusting
- Prevents tear & wear
- Clearing agent
- Reduce heat.
  ½ x 4 = 2mks
State THREE qualities considered when selecting a heifer for dairy purposes (1 ½ mks)
- Triangular in shapes
- Free from physical defect
- Docile
- Well adapted to the region
Study the diagram below of a diesel fuel system then answer the questions that follow.
1. Identify the parts labelled (3mks)
  - A ___ Air cleaner
  - B__ Injection pump
  - C_ exhaust pipe
2. State TWO maintenance practices carried out on the system (2mks)
  - Replace, clean and filter as recommended
  - Remove & clean sdimentry bowl regularly
  - Replace worn out injecture
  - Replace dust- air cleaner ` ( 2 x 1 = 2mks)
Below are diagrams of certain parasites. Study them carefully and answer the questions that follow.
1. Identify parasites C.D and E (3mks)
  - C _ ked
  - D_ flea
  - E__ Liverfluke
2. State two categories of the parasites above. (2mks)
  - external parasite – ecto parasite
  - internal parasite – endo parasite
    (2 x 1 = 2mks)
Below is an activity carried out in poultry production. Study it carefully then answer the questions that follow.
1. Identity the practice being carried out/ (1mk)
  - egg candling (1 x 1 = 1mk)
2. State FOUR defects that can be detected by this practice. (4mks)
  - Size of air space
  - Fertility
  - Very porous shell
  - Blood spot
  - Double yolk
  - Hair cracks (1 x 4 = 4mks)
Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.
1. Name the parts labelled M,N,P (3mks)
  - M_ Crop
  - N__ proventraculure
  - P Gizzard (3 x 1 = 3mks)
2. State one function of parts labelled M & P (2mks)
  - M_ StoRe food temporalily
  - Moisten food
  - P- crush food into paste.
    ( 2 x 1 = 2mks)

Describe advantages of AI practice in livestock production. (10mks)
- Semen of one male can serve many cows
- Help control breeding disease
- Breeding is easily controlled
- Physically incapacitated animals can as well be used for breeding
- Small cows are not damaged by heavy bulls
- It eliminates dangerous bulls from the farm
- It eliminates the cost of rearing bulls in the farm
- It is cheaper to those who cannot afford superier bull
- It is used as a research tool.
- Semen can be stored & used after the bull is dead
- Breeding is easily controlled
- Breeding diseases are controlled.
  1 x 10 = 10mks)

Differentiate between petrol and diesel engine. (5mks)

Petrol	Disel
- It has a carburetor	- It has injection pump
- Fuel & air are mixed in carburetor Before it get into the cylinder	- Fuel & air are mixed within the cylinder
- Fuel air mixture is ignited by an electric spark	- Fuel is ignited by compression of fuel air • Mixture in the cylinder
- It produce little smoke because petrol Is completely burnt	-Produce a lot of smoke because diesel is not completely burnt.
- Petrol engine is light in weight so suited For light duties	- It is relatively heavy in weight thus suited for heavy work.

(1x5 = 5mks)](mark as a whole)

Describe the components of a spray race (5mks)
- Side wall - support pipping system
- Spray pipe system – series of pipes & nozzles places at regular intervals & strategically – atomize spray.
- Drainage pipe – conduct used chemical back to the pump for recycling
- Pump/reserviour – Tank with agitation pipe & a pump.
- Pressure gauge – measure recommended working pressure of the pump.
- Animal holding yard – Holding animal & letting them one by one into spray race
- Footbath – Removing mud from hooves easily.
- Drying yard – Animal stay here to dry to prevent animal from contaminating pasture
  ( 1 x5 = 5mks)

1. Describe FIVE management practices carried out on hedge. (5mks)
  - Watering in case of shortage of rain
  - Gapping to fill the gaps
  - Weed control to minimize nutrients competition
  - Trimming to train the fence to look attractive
  - Pest control if it is infected by pests
  - Disease control if it is infected by diseases
  - Application of manure to improve fertility of the soil
    5 x 1 = mks)
2. State the general symptoms of endo parasite attack. (10mks)
  - Emaciation
  - Decline in production
  - Staring/rough coat
  - Oedematous in swelling under the jaw
  - Diarrhoea
  - Pot belly
  - persistent cough
  - Anorexia/loss of appetite
  - Eggs/parasites in feaces
  - Depraved appetite/abnormal appetite/ excessive appetite
  - Blockage/obstruction of internal organs
  - Anaemia
3. Describe the uses of various equipments that are used in honey harvesting. (5mks)
  - Protective gear- protecting the Apiarist from bee stings
  - A honey container with a tight cover used to hold honey combs as they are being harvested
  - A hive tool- used to scrap away the propolis holding the top bars together thus separating them
  - Bee brash - used to brash off the bees from the honey comb before cutting into the container
  - A smoker – to puff smoke into the bee hive before harvesting honey
    (5 x 1 = 5mks)
    (Equipment ½ , Use ½ )
1. State the maintenance practices of a mouldbord plough/ (5mks)
  - Moving parts should be lubricated
  - Shaves should be kept tight & sharp
  - Check the bolts & nuts and tighten where necessarily
  - Trash and wet soil should be scraped clean or washed
  - Unpainted metallic surface should be coated with old engine oil to prevent rusting
  - Worn out parts should be replaced./ replace worn out bolts AND NUTS
    (5 x 1 = 5mks)
2. Describe mastitis under the following sub headings.
  1. AnimalS affected (2mks)
    - Lactating cows
    - Lactating goats
    - Lactating sheep
    - Lactating sow
      ( 2 x 1 = 2mks)
  2. Pre-disposing factors (5mks)
    - Injury of the udder
    - Level of milk production/high producers are more prone
    - Aged animal
    - Stage if lactation – early versus late lactation
    - Genetic factors – Some breeds are more prone than others
    - Unhygenic handling of animal or surrounding
    - Incomplete milking
    - Pendulours udder
      (5 x 1 = 5mks)
  3. Symptoms of attack (3mks)
    - Milk contains pass, blood, thick clots R f turns watery
    - Death of infected quarter may result
    - Milk has a salty taste
    - When udder and teats are swollen animals react suckling or milking due to pain/
      ( 3 x 1 = 3mks)