Biology Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Maranda Mock Examinations 2022

Instructions to candidates

1. Answer ALL questions
2. All workings MUST be clearly shown where necessary

QUESTIONS

1. Name the organelle that performs each of the following functions in a cell
   1. Protein synthesis (1mark)
   2. Transport of cell secretions (1mark)
2.              
   1. Define the term ‘parthenocarpy’ (1mark)
   2. Name two plant growth hormones that promote parthenocarpy (2marks)
3. The diagram below shows a longitudinal section of mammalian skin
   
   
   1. Name the parts labelled F and G (2marks)
      F
      G
   2. State one function of each of the parts labelled H and J (2marks)
      H
      J
4.            
   1. State two characteristics used to divide the phylum Arthropoda into classes (2marks)
   2. Name the class with the largest number of individuals in the phylum Arthropoda (1mark)
5. The diagram below represents a longitudinal section of a fruit
   
   
   1. Identify the mode of dispersal (1mark)
   2. Describe two adaptations of the fruit to its mode of dispersal (2marks)
6.                        
   1. What causes the following diseases?
      1. Diabetes mellitus (1mark)
      2. Diabetes insipidus (1mark)
   2. An individual shows the symptoms for diabetes mellitus, how would you determine in the school laboratory whether they are positive for the condition? (2marks)
7.                
   1. Give two examples of natural selection in action (2marks)
   2. List two features that make man the most dominant species on earth (2marks)
8. Study the diagram below of a neurone in human being
   
   
   1. Identify the neurone (1mark)
   2. Name the part labeled B (1mark)
9. Study the diagram of the mammalian tooth below and answer the questions that follow
   
   
   1. Identify the tooth (1mark)
   2. Give a reason for your answer in (a) above (1mark)
   3. State one adaptation of the tooth to its function (1mark)
10. It was found that during germination of pea seeds 93cm3 of carbon (iv) oxide was produced while 91cm3 of oxygen was used up
    1. Calculate the respiratory quotient (RQ) of the reaction taking place (2marks)
    2. Explain why it is difficult to measure respiratory quotient in plants during the day (1mark)
11. The diagrams below represent two types of bacteria species that causes some human diseases
    
    Identify each bacterium and state the disease it causes (4 marks)
    A:
    Disease it causes:
    B:
    Disease it causes:
12.                    
    1. What is metamorphosis? (1mark)
    2. What is the biological significance of metamorphosis to an insect? (2marks)
13. Study and complete the table below (3mks)
    

    Feature	Monocot	Dicot
    a) Number of stamens
    b) Arrangement of vascular bundle in stem
    c) Type of root

14. The diagrams below show embryos of certain vertebrates animals Study them and answer the question that follows
    
    
    1. Mention two observable structural features in these embryos that suggest that they have a common ancestral origin (2marks)
    2. What phenomenon in organic evolution is exhibited by these diagrams of embryos? (1mark)
15. What is meant by the terms? (2marks)
    1. Hypogynous flower
    2. Dichogamy
16. What is the main difference between the phloem tissues of sub divisions Gymnospermaphyta and Angiospermaphyta (1mark)
17. State two ways in which the skin of a frog is adapted for gaseous exchange (2marks)
18. What would be the effect of the following treatments on the nerve transmission?
    1. Inducing the axon with metabolic inhibitors (1mark)
    2. Removing myelin sheath from a nerve fiber (1mark)
19. Give one reason why blood leaving the lungs may not be fully oxygenated (1mark)
20. What is the importance of retina in vision? (2marks)
21. The diagram below represents a simple endocrine feedback mechanism in human male
    
    
    1. Name the hormone labelled X (1mark)
    2. State two differences that may be observed between a normal male and one who is incapable of producing hormone labelled Y (2marks)
22.                  
    1. Name the cartilage found between the bones of the vertebral column (1mark)
    2. State the function of the cartilage named in (a) above (1mark)
23. The cells shown below were obtained from two different plant cells which were immersed in 2% and 25% salt solutions
    
    
    1. Which of the two cells A and B was immersed in 2% salt solution? (1mark)
    2. Comment on the nature of 25% salt solution in relation to the cell sap (1mark)
    3. What biological phenomenon leads to the observation made in A (1mark)
24. Name one structures found in the cortex of the kidney (1mark)
25. The diagram below shows the internal structure of a leaf
    
    
    1. Name the part labelled B (1mark)
    2. State the function of the part labelled C (1mark)
    3. State two difference between xerophytic and hydrophytic leaves (2marks)
       

       Xerophytic	Hydrophytic

26.                  
    1. Distinguish between gaseous exchange and respiration (1mark)
    2. Explain the disadvantages of anaerobic respiration in plant roots (2marks)
27.                  
    1. Suggest the significance of the following adaptations in bony fish
       1. Flexible vertebral column (1mark)
       2. Presence of swim bladder (1mark)
    2. State two features which reduce resistance in fish during swimming (2marks)
28. State two protective feature of human eye (2marks)
29. State two differences between photosynthesis and respiration (2marks)
    

    Photosynthesis	Respiration

30. Explain why malaria cannot be transmitted through blood transfusion (2marks

MARKING SCHEME

1.                    
   1. ribosome
   2. golgi apparatus / bodies
2.                
   1. fruit formation without fertilization
   2. auxins
      gibberillim
3.                  
   1. F cornified layer
      G malpighian layer
   2. H contracts and relax to raise and lower hair follicles
      J storage of fats; // insulation against heat loss
4.                
   1. number of body parts
      number of legs
      presence and number of antennae
5.                        
   1. water
   2. has fiber mesocarp which store air to enable it to float
      has tough seed coat which is impermeable to water
6.                      
   1.                  
      1. insufficient / less insulin secrteions
      2. insufficient / less secretions of antiduretic hormone
   2. take urine sample from the patient and put in a test tube 
      add benedicts solution
      then boil ( then record the colour change)
7.                      
   1. resistance against insectivcides and antibiotics
      industrial melanism
   2. ability to communicate through speech
      upright posture
      a modified forelimb into hand/ arm with opposable thumb for manipulation of tools
8.                
   1. motor neurone
   2. receptor dendrite
9.              
   1. premolar
   2. has two roots
      has cusps
   3. has wide top surface to increase surface area for grinding / chewing
      has cuspsfor grinding / chewing
10.                     
    1. R.Q = vol of carbon (IV) oxide produced = 9.3 cm³ = 1.02198
                    volume of oxygen consumed         9.1 cm³
    2. oxygen produced during photosynthesis is used for respiration and co₂ produced in respiration is utilized in photosynthesis
11. A: salmonella typhi
    causes typhoid
    B: Vibrio cholerae
    cause cholera
12.                     
    1. developmental changes in the body form of arthropods / organism in the course of its life cycle from egg to adult form
    2. enables an organism to grow in size and complexity
       enable an organism to explore different ecological niche
13.               
    

    feature	monocot	dicot
    number of stamens	in multiples of threes	in multiples of 4s or 5s
    arrangement of vascular bundle in stem	scattered	arranged in Q ring
    type of root	fibrous root system	tap root system

14.                 
    1. have a tail
       have a notochord
    2. comparative embryology
15.                 
    1. a flavour with superior ovary with other floral parts before the ovary
    2. a condition in which male and female floral parts mature at different times
16. gymnospermaphyla - lacks companion cells
    angiospermaphyta - have companion cells
17. moist to dissolve respiration gases
    thin epithelium to offer a shortened diffusion distance for gases
    highly vascularized to transport the respiratory gases
18.                    
    1. stops nerve transmission
    2. lower speed of nerve transmission
19. blockage of alveoli / air sacs
    infection of the breathing system ; 
    high pumping speed of the heart
20. retina contains photoreceptors calls (rods & cornea)
    which are sensitive to different light intensities
21.                    
    1. intestinal cell stimulating  hormone; Rj; abrrr
    2. absence of beards
       less masculine
       shrewed voice
       sterility
22.                            
    1. intervertebral disc
    2. shock absorber
       reduce friction between the vertebrae
       allows flexibility of the v/column
23.                     
    1. B
    2. hypertonic
    3. plasmolysis
24. proximal convolutes tubule ; bowmans' capsule
    distal convoluted tubule ; glomerulus
25.                   
    1. upper-epidermis / upper epidermal cell
    2. photosynthesis ; site for photosynthesis
    3.               
       

       xerophytes	hydrophytic
       thick cuticle	thin cuticle
       few sunken stomata  leaves reduced in size	many exposed stomata leaves are broad

26.             
    1. gaseous exchange is the passage of respiratory gases across respiratory surface while respiration is the chemical breakdown of foods (in cells) to release energy;
    2. lower rate of ion uptake by active transport due to low energy output; // ethanol produced poisons the tissues leading to their death
27.               
    1.              
       1. allows body to more from side to side /  bending 
       2. air filled to make fish bouyant / keep fish a float / allows change in depth
    2. streamlined body
       inflexible head
       scales overlapping ; pointing backwards
       muscus on the skin
       bowed scales
28. eyeball within features sockets / orbit for protection from mechanised injuries
    eyebrows prevents sweat from entering the eyes
    larenchymal gland secrete tears which is antiseptic
    eyelids prevents entry of dusts / small particles into the eye
29.                 
    

    photosynthesis	respiration
    scam in the chloroplast	occurs in the mitichondria / cytoplasm
    co2 is used up	co2 is given out
    o2 is released	o2 is used up
    glucose is formed	glucose is used up

30. its a vectorborne disease; parasites are transmitted from sick individual to a healthy one through bites of infected female anapheles mosquito;