History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Bunamfan Cluster Pre Mock Exam 2022

Instructions to the candidate

• This paper consist of three sections,A,B and C
• Answer all the questions in section A, three in section B and two in section C
• Candidates should answer the questions in English

Questions

SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section.

1. What was the main reason for the dispersal of the coastal Bantus from Shungwaya? (1mk)
2. Give two functions of Njuri Ncheke among the Ameru. (2 marks)
3. Name the missionary society that established a home for freed slaves at the coast.(1 mark)
4. Highlight two factors which led to the increase in demand for slaves along the East African Coast during the 19th Century. (2 marks)
5. Name the document which contains the Bill of Rights for Kenyan citizens. (1 mark)
6. Give the meaning of citizenship. (1 mark)
7. Give one political party that was represented in the Second Lancaster House conference of 1962. (1 mark)
8. State two ways in which Kenyans exercise pure democracy. (2 marks)
9. Identify two reasons why the British allowed the Imperial British East Africa company to administer their possession in East Africa during the 19th century. (2 marks)
10. Give one feature of the political organizations which were formed in Kenya before 1939. (1 mark)
11. Name the political party that led Kenya to independence. (1 mark)
12. State two sources of Kenyan law. (2marks)
13. Give two conditions a person in Kenya must fulfil to vie for presidential elections. (2mks)
14. Name two Asians who assisted the Africans in the struggle for independence in Kenya. (2mks)
15. Give one reason for the adoption of African Socialism in Kenya. (1 mark)
16. Name two ways in which parliamentary supremacy is exercised in Kenya. (2 marks)
17. State one way in which the covid-19 pandemic affected the education sector in Kenya(1 mark)

SECTION B (45 MARKS)
Answer any three questions in this section.

18.        
    1. Give five reasons that influenced the migration of Plain Nilotes to Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (5 marks)
    2. Explain five results of the migration and settlement of the Maasai in Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (10 marks)
19.  
    1. Give five factors that influenced the location of urban centres in Kenya during the colonial period.
    2. Explain five factors which led to the migration of Africans to the urban areas in Kenya during the colonial period (10 marks)
20.   
    1. List down three roles of Mekatilili in the Agiriama resistance. (3 marks)
    2. Discuss six results of the Agikuyu mixed reaction. (12 marks)
21.  
    1. Give three features of the missionary education in Kenya during the colonial period.(3mks)
    2. Explain six political roles played by the African elected members of parliament during the struggle for independence. (12mks)

SECTION C (30MARKS)
Answer any two questions from this section

22.      
    1. Identify three symbols of national unity in Kenya. (3mks)
    2. Explain six factors which have undermined government efforts of promoting National unity in Kenya. 12mks
23.   
    1.  Identify three functions of the sergeant at arms in parliament. (3mks)
    2. Explain six powers and functions of the president in Kenya. (12 mks)
24.   
    1. State five functions of correctional facilities in Kenya. (5mks)
    2. Explain five factors that undermine the administration of justice in Kenya today.(10mks)

Marking Scheme

1. What was the main reason for the dispersal of the coastal Bantus from Shungwaya?
   • Attacks by the Oromo speakers 1 x 1 = 1 Mark
2. Two functions of Njuri Ncheke among the Ameru. (2 marks)
   • Settling disputes.
   • Presided over religious ceremonies.
   • Officiated over social functions e.g. initiation.
   • They declared war with the neighboring communities. (2×1=2 marks)
3. Name the missionary society that established a home for freed slaves at the coast. (1 mark)
   • The Church Missionary Society (CMS)
   • Abbreviation alone not awarded. (1×1= 1 mark)
4. Highlight two factors which led to the increase in demand for slaves along the East African Coast during the 19th Century. (2 marks)
   • Demand for cheap African labor in Portuguese/ French plantation
   • Demand for domestic workers in the Arab World/ Arabia
   • Establishment of plantation agriculture at the Coast. Any 2 x 1 = 2 marks
5. Name the document which contains the Bill of Rights for Kenyan citizens. (1 mark)
   • The Constitution of Kenya
6. Give the meaning of citizenship. (1 mark)
   • It is the legal right of belonging to a particular state or country.
7. Give one political party that was represented in the Second Lancaster House conference of 1962. (1 mark)
   • Kenya African National Union (KANU)
   • Kenya African Democratic Union (KADU)
   • African Peoples Party(APP)
   • National Party of Kenya (NPK)
8. State two ways in which Kenyans exercise pure democracy. (2 marks)
   • Referendum
   • Recall
   • Plebiscite
   • Initiative
9.  Two reasons why the British allowed the Imperial British East Africa company to administer their possession in East Africa during the 19th century. (2 marks)
   • The British tax payers were not ready to sustain the administration of the colony as it was expensive.
   • The company officials were familiar with the region based on their trading experience in the area.
   • The British tax payers did not see the economic benefit of the region.
   • Inadequate personnel. (2×1=2 marks)
10. One feature of the political organizations which were formed in Kenya before 1939. (1 mark)
    • They were ethnic (tribal based/ oriented)
    • They were non militant.
    • They were led by mission educated.
    • They were formed in response to socio-economic and land problems faced by various ethnic groups
    • They did not demand for independence.
    • Had common grievances.. (1×1= 1 mark)
11. Name the political party that led Kenya to independence. (1 mark)
    • The Kenya African National Union (KANU) 1 x 1 = 1 mark
12. Two sources of Kenyan law
    • African customs
    • Religious belief systems
    • British common law
    • Legislation or acts of parliament
    • Judicial precedents
    • The constitution 2 x 1 = 1 mark
13. Two conditions a person in Kenya must fulfil to vie for presidential elections
    • Must be a Kenyan citizen
    • Must be 35 years and above
    • Must be a registered voter in a constituency
    • Must be nominated by a political party
    • Must not be bankrupt
    • Must be of sound mind
14. Name two Asians who assisted the Africans in the struggle for independence in Kenya. (2mks) A.M. Jevanjee
    • Pio Gama Pinto
    • Desai
15. Give one reason for the adoption of African Socialism in Kenya. (1 mark)
    • The desire to promote unity in the country
    • The desire to create a society free from inequality oppression/ racism
    • The desire to create a just/humane society Any 1 x 1 = 1 mark
16. Two ways in which parliamentary supremacy is exercised in Kenya (2 marks)
    • Parliament is the law making organ / it makes, amends and repeal laws.
    • It can pass a vote of no confidence with the president and government.
    • It can limit the power o f the executive by amending the constitution.
    • Cabinet secretaries are accountable to the parliament for the activities in their ministries.
    • Bills prepared by the cabinet has to be legislated by parliament.
    • Parliament approves government revenue and expenditure.
    • Parliament vets senior appointement by the president. (2×1= 2 marks)
17. State one way in which the covid-19 pandemic affected the education sector in Kenya(1 mark)
    • death of teachers
    • closure of schools
    • change of the academic calendar
    • disruption of the national examination schedule
18.     
    1. Give five reasons that influenced the migration of Plain Nilotes to Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (5 marks)
       • Family / clan disputes forced them to migrate / conflict.
       • There was over population / population pressure in their original homeland.
       • They moved due to drought / famine.
       • The spirit of adventure made them to search for new lands.
       • They moved in search of pasture and water for their livestock.
       • Due to outbreak of diseases / epidemics
       • Pressure / raids from other communities forced them to move to safer areas. (Any 5×1= 5 marks)
    2. Explain five results of the migration and settlement of the Maasai in Kenya during the pre-colonial period. (10 marks)
       • They displaced some communities that they found in areas that they settled.
       • Their settlement led to increased population in the region.
       • They intermarried with their neighbors. This strengthened their relations.
       • Some section of the Maasai (Kwavi) became cultivators / assimilated.
       • There was increased trade between the Maasai and the neighbors.
       • There was borrowing / exchange of cultural practices among the communities.
       • They influenced the socio-political organization of the Nandi who created the institution of Orkoiyot similar to Oloibon of the Maasai. (Any 5×2 = 10 marks)
19.         
    1. Give five factors that influenced the location of urban centres in Kenya during the colonial period.
       • Existence of administrative centres.
       • Existence of social amenities/ mission stations.
       • Availability of minerals / mining activities/ industries.
       • Availability of security.
       • Agricultural activities.
       • Commercial activities / trading activities.
       • Availability of transport / communication.
         (Any 5×1= 5 marks)
    2. Explain five factors which led to the migration of Africans to the urban areas in Kenya during the colonial period (10 marks)
       • The overcrowded/ unproductive reserves created by the colonial government made living conditions difficult/ unbearable thereby resulting into migration to towns.
       • Availability of better social services / amenities/ health centres / education provided in towns attracted them.
       • Loss of land/ landlessness caused by the colonial land policies resulted in a state of despair thus forcing people to move to towns.
       • The taxes imposed on Africans forced them to move to towns to in search of jobs.
       • Availability of infrastructure / piped water / paved roads / electricity attracted many people to towns as they hoped for a better life.
       • Employment / job opportunities attracted people to towns as it promised them better wages.
       • Mistreatment/ frustrations by the labor/ public works forced them to move to towns.
       • The widespread poverty in rural / reserves caused untold suffering thereby making them to migrate to towns.
       • African entrepreneurs wanted to take advantage of wider markets in town. (Any 5×2=10 marks)
20.       
    1. List down three roles of Mekatilili in the Agiriama resistance. (3 marks)
       • Administered oath which enhanced unity.
       • She rallied (united/ mobilized) the people against a common enemy.
       • She presented the Agiriama grievances to the British and some were addressed.
       • She served as a motivation to women in Kenya through her leadership. (Any 3×1= 3 marks)
    2. Discuss six results of the Agikuyu mixed reaction. (12 marks)
       • It caused hatred and mistrust among the various sections of the Agikuyu due to various aspects of their reaction to the European invasion.
       • Led to alienation of large tracks of land making many Agikuyu become squatters.
       • Some leaders became too powerful and acquired a lot of wealth like Gakure and Wan’gombe.
       • Collaborators acquired Western education e.g. Kinyanjui Wa Gathirimu.
       • Agikuyu allies were made home guards and colonial headmen.
       • Those who resisted many lost their lives e.g. Waiyaki wa Hinga.
       • They lost their independence since they were easily defeated due to segmentation.
       • There was massive destruction of properties through raids and burning down of forts and villages.
         (Any 6×2= 12 marks)
21.       
    1. Give three features of the missionary education in Kenya during the colonial period.(3mks)
       • it was elementary
       • it was denominational
       • it was technical in nature
    2. Six political roles played by the African elected members of parliament during the struggle for independence.
       • They demanded for the release of detained/ imprisoned African Nationalists.
       • They net-worked with other pan Africans to hasten the achievement of independence.
       • They aired/ presented African grievances in International rights of Africans.
       • They popularized Kenyatta thus making him acceptable as a national leader.
       • They advocated for an increase in African representation in the Legco.
       • They enlightened/ educated other Africans on the need to struggle for independence.
       • They took part in writing of the independence constitution. any 6 × 2 = 12 marks
22.    
    1. Identify three national symbols. 3mks
       • National Anthem
       • The Coat of Arms
       • The Public Seal Any 3 x 1 = 3
    2. Explain six factors which have undermined government efforts of promoting National unity in Kenya. 12mks
       • The existence of different ethnic groups in the country.
       • Political differences especially from multi-party policies
       • Religious differences which divide Kenyans along religious lines
       • Economic disparities at individual and national level
       • Insecurity in some areas due to tribal clashes
       • Formation of tribal association e.g Gema Luo union
23.    
    1. Identify three functions of the sergeant at arms in parliament. (3mks)
       • custodian of the mace
       • execute the speakers orders
       • take care of the parliamentary premises
    2. Explain six powers and functions of the president in Kenya. (10 mks)
       • As head of state s/he represents the people of Kenya locally and internationally.
       • The president has appoints cabinet secretaries. Attorney General, Director of Public prosecution, the secretary of the cabinet, principal secretaries, high commissioners ambassadors with the approval of the National assembly.
       • The president addresses the opening of each newly elected parliament and also addresses special sittings of the parliament
       • The president chairs cabinet meetings
       • President is the commander-in-chief of the Kenya Defence forces
       • The president may exercise power of mercy with the advice of advisory committee
       • The president may also confer honours to people
24.  
    1. State five functions of correctional facilities in Kenya
       • Takes care of the welfare of the prisoners
       • Offering the inmates vocations training
       • Confines prisoners convicted by the courts
       • Watch over the behaviour of suspected criminals i.e remandees
       • Executive the correct sentences e.g administering punishment
       • Rehabilitates convicted prisoners
    2. Explain five factors that undermine the administration of justice in Kenya today.
       • Corrupt practices in courts of law
       • Political interferences may influence judgement made in court
       • Confining suspects in remand for longer period of time without presenting them in a court of law
       • Lack of impartiality during trials may lead to unfair judgement
       • Inability by the police to carry out thorough investigations
       • Inability of ordinary people to meet the costs of prolonged court case
       • Lack of knowledge regarding legal/procedures
       • Inadequate legal officers to handle the many cases
       • Lack of modern technology
       • Lack of common law