English Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Momaliche Pre Mock Exams 2023

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

• Answer all questions 

1. COMPREHENSION      20MARKS.                   
   Read the passage below and then answer the questions that follow,
   
   Moving to a new country can be an exciting, even exhilarating experience. In a new environment, you somehow feel more alive: seeing new sights, eating new food, hearing the foreign sounds of a new language, and feeling a different climate against your skin stimulate your senses as never before. Soon, however, this sensory bombardment becomes sensory overload. Suddenly, new experiences seem stressful rather than stimulating, and delight turns into discomfort. This is the phenomenon known as culture shock. Culture shock is more than jet lag or homesickness, and it affects nearly everyone who enters a new culture - tourists, business travellers, diplomats and students alike. Although not everyone experiences culture shock in exactly the same way, many experts agree that it has roughly five stages.
   
   In the first stage, you are excited by your new environment. You experience some simple difficulties such as trying to use the telephone or public transportation, but you consider these small challenges that you can quickly overcome. Your feelings about the new culture are positive, so you are eager to make contact with people and to try new foods.
   
   Sooner or later, differences in behaviour and customs become more noticeable to you. This is the second stage of culture shock. Because you do not know the social customs of the new culture, you may find it difficult to make friends. For instance, you do not understand how to make "small talk," so it is hard to carry on a casual, get-acquainted conversation. One day in the school cafeteria, you overhear a conversation. You understand all the words, but you do not understand the meaning. Why is everyone laughing? Are they laughing at you or at some joke that you did not understand? Also, you aren't always sure how to act while shopping. Is this store self-service or should you wait for a clerk to assist you? If you buy a sweater in the wrong size, can you exchange it? These are not minor challenges; they are major frustrations.
   
   In the third stage, you no longer have positive feelings about the new culture. You feel that you have made a mistake in coming here. Making friends hasn't been easy, so you begin to feel lonely and isolated. Now you want to be with familiar people and eat familiar food. You begin to spend most of your free time with students from your home country, and you eat in restaurants that serve your native food. In fact, food becomes an obsession, and you spend a lot of time planning, shopping for, and cooking food from home.
   
   You know that you are in the fourth stage of culture shock when you have negative feelings about almost everything. In this stage, you actively reject the new culture. You become critical, suspicious, and irritable. You believe that people are unfriendly, that your landlord is trying to cheat you, that your teachers do not like you, and that the food is making you sick. In fact, you may actually develop stomachaches, headaches, sleeplessness, lethargy, or other physical symptoms.
   
   Finally, you reach the fifth stage. As your language skills improve, you begin to have some success in meeting people and in negotiating situations. You are able to exchange the sweater that was too small, and you can successfully chat about the weather with a stranger on the bus. Your self-confidence grows. After realizing that you cannot change your surroundings, you begin to accept the differences and tolerate them. For instance the food will never be as tasty as the food in your home country, but you are now able to eat and sometimes even enjoy many dishes. You may not like the way some people in your host country dress or behave in public, but you do not regard their clothes and behaviour as wrong -just different.
   
   In conclusion, nearly everyone moving to a new country feels some degree of culture shock. Symptoms may vary, and not all people experience all five stages. Newcomers with a strong support group may feel at home immediately in the new culture, while others may take months to feel comfortable. Staying in touch with friends and family, keeping a positive attitude, and, above all, learning the language as soon as possible are ways to overcome the difficulties and frustrations of adapting to life in a new land.
   
   From: Writing Academic English, Alice Oshima and Ann Hogue, Pearson Education, Longman (2006)
   
   
   1. According to the passage, what is the meaning of culture shock?       (2 marks)
   2. Identify any three factors that can cause culture shock.                        (3 marks)
   3. What evidence does the author give to show "you understand all the words, but you do not understand the meaning"?                                                      (2 marks
   4. Give any three features that characterize a person in the worst state of culture shock.                                                                                                                                                   (3 marks)
   5. In note form, give the difficulties experienced in the second stage of culture shock.(4 marks
   6.  Why is making friends helpful in overcoming culture shock?(2 marks)
   7. Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the passage:(3 marks)
      1. alive ........................................................................................................................
      2. obsession ........................................................................................................
      3. negotiating ............................................................................................................
   8. Staying in touch with friends and family, keeping a positive attitude, and, above all, learning the language as soon as possible are ways to overcome the difficulties and frustrations of adapting to life in a new land.
      (Rewrite the sentence above without changing the meaning. Begin: You ....).  (1 mark)
2. LITERARY COMPREHENSION.  25 MARKS
   Read the following excerpt and then answer the questions that follow.  
   Nora: But it was absolutely necessary that he should not know! My goodness, can’t you understand that?  It was necessary he should have no idea what a dangerous condition he was in.  It was to me that the doctors came and said that his life was in danger, and that the only thing to save him was to live in the south.  Do you suppose I didn’t try, first of all, to get what I wanted as if it were for myself?  I told him how much I should love to travel abroad like other young wives; I tried tears and entreaties with him; I told him that he ought to remember the condition I was in, and that he ought to be kind and indulgent to me; I even hinted that he might raise a loan.  That nearly made him angry, Christine.  He said I was thoughtless, and that it was his duty as my husband’s not to indulge me in my whims and caprices – as I believe he called them.  Very well, I thought, you must be saved- and that was how I came to devise a way out of the difficulty…  
   Mrs. Linde: And did your husband never get to know from your father that the money had not come from him? 
   Nora: No, never. Papa dies just at that time. I had meant to let himinto the secret and beg him never to reveal it. But he was so ill then-alas, there never was any need to tell him.Mrs. Linde:  And since then have you never told your secret to your husband? 
   Nora: Good heavens, no! How could you think so?  A man who has such strong opinions about these things! And besides, how painful and humiliating it would be for Torvald, with his manly independence, to know that he owed me anything!  It would upset our mutual relations altogether; our beautiful happy home would no longer be what it is now. 
   Mrs.  Linde: Do you mean never to tell him about it?  
   Nora: (meditatively, and with a half-smile) yes-someday perhaps, after many years, when I am no longer as nice-looking as I am now.  Don’t laugh at me!  I mean, of course, when Torvald is no longer as devoted to me as he is now; when my dancing and dressing-up and reciting have palled on him; then it may be a good thing to have something in reserve-(breaking off) what nonsense! That time will never come.  Now, what do you think of my great secret, Christine? Do you still think I am of no use?  I can tell you, too, that this affair has caused me a lot of worry.  It has been by been by no means easy for me to meet my engagements punctually.  I may tell you that there is something that is called, in business, quarterly interest, and another thing called payment in installments it is always so dreadfully difficult to manage them.  I have had to save a little here and there, where I could, you understand have not been able to put aside much from my housekeeping money, for Torvald must have good table.  I couldn’t let my children be shabbily dressed ‘I have felt obliged to use up all he gave me for them, the sweet little darlings! 
   Mrs. Linde:  So it has all had to come out of your own necessaries of life, poor Nora?  
   Nora: Of course. Besides, I was the responsible for it.  Whenever Torvald has given me money for new dresses and such things, I have never spent more than half of it:  I have always bought the simplest and cheapest things.  Thank heaven, any clothes look well on me, and so Torvald has never noticed it.  But it was often very hard on me, Christine-because it is delightful to be really well dressed, isn’t it?
   (Adapted from, a Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen, EAEP, 2017)
   1. What had Mrs. Linde said before this excerpt to prompt Nora to say, ‘...My goodness can’t you understand that?’  (2 marks)  
   2. How did Nora try to convince her husband to go south?  (3 marks)
   3. What do we learn about the character trait of Nora from this excerpt? (4 marks)
   4. Give reasons why Nora found it difficult to reveal her secret to Torvald. (3 marks)
   5. What themes emerge from this excerpt? Illustrate your answer. (4 marks)  
   6. Briefly explain how keeping the secret from Torvald has affected Nora. (2 marks)
   7. After this excerpt, Nora reveals what else she has been doing to earn money.  What revelation does she make?  (1 mark)
   8. From your knowledge elsewhere in the text, how would you describe Nora and Torvald’s marriage/relationship?  (3 marks)  
   9. It would upset our mutual relations altogether; our beautiful happy home would no longer be what it is now. (Rewrite beginning: It would both…)   (1 mark)
   10. Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the passage.  (2 marks)  
       1. Entreaties_____________________________________________________
       2. Obliged ______________________________________________________
3. Read the oral poem below and answer the questions that follow.
   
   The poor man knows not how to eat with the rich man.
   When they eat fish, he eats the head.
   
   Invite a poor man and he rushes in
   licking his lips and upsetting the plates.
   
   The poor man has no manners, he comes along
   with the blood of lice under his nails.
   
   The face of a poor man is lined
   from hunger and thirst in his belly.
   
   Poverty is no state for any mortal man.
   It makes him a beast to be fed on grass.
   
   Poverty is unjust. If it befalls a man,
   though he is nobly born, he has no power with God.
   1. Identify and illustrate any four features of oral poetry evident in the poem above.    (8marks)
   2. Describe a probable situation in which such a poem could be performed.   (2 marks)
   3. During a recitation of this oral poem, what three elements should be emphasized?   (3 marks)
   4. What does the phrase '…with the blood of lice under his nails' reveal about the poor man?(2 marks)
   5. Describe with illustrations the tone of this oral poem.    (3 marks)
   6. Explain the meaning of the following   (2 marks)
      1. he eats the head
      2. he has no power with God
4. GRAMMAR   15MARKS
   1. Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each.  Do not change the meaning.b(5 marks)
      1. We have never witnessed such cruel behaviour by one child to another. (Begin; never…)
      2. David says; “I have been saying prayers everyday” (change to reported speech)  
      3. The time keeper rang the bell earlier than expected. (Begin; The bell….)  
      4. He knows very little about the surprises which are waiting for him.  (begin; little..)
      5. Mary is a good teacher.  She is good like any teacher you can find anywhere else.  (join into one using,….as….) 
   2. Use the correct form of the words in brackets.(3 marks)  
      1. He was, however, possessed of a logical rather than an ……………..……..…. (intuition) mind.
      2. His decision to quit his job is completely ………………………………….. (explain).  
      3. It was a sure sign he was forgiven for his………….………….……. (revere) try at changing the old –age ritual. 
   3. Fill in the blank spaces using an appropriate preposition.  (3 marks) 
      1. My dependence……………………coffee is unhealthy.
      2. She has little experience…………………… backpacking.
      3. People find it difficult to part…………….….. their hard earned wealth. 
   4. Fill in the blank spaces with the most appropriate word. (2 marks)  
      1. Put your clothes ……………… (all together, altogether) in one pile and I will wash them for you.
      2. This person needs the ……………….. (council, counsel) of a psychiatrist.  
   5. Explain two possible meaning of this sentence.   (2 marks) 
      He fed her cat food.

MARKING SCHEME

1.  
   1. According to the passage, what is the meaning of culture shock?       (2 marks)
      • Culture shock is the stress/discomfort/sensory overload that a person experiences when he/she arrives in a new culture/environment/country.
   2. Identify any three factors that can cause culture shock.                        (3 marks)
      • Food
      • Language
      • Varied ways of doing things/shopping/transport system/using the telephone
      • Social behaviour/customs
      • Mode of dressing
      • Seeing new sights
      • Feeling a different climate
   3. What evidence does the author give to show "you understand all the words, but you do not understand the meaning"?                                                      (2 marks)
      • Miss the jokes
      • Can't make ''small talk''/casual get-acquainted conversation
      • Can't shop efficiently
   4. Give any three features that characterize a person in the worst state of culture shock.                                                                                                                                                   (3 marks)
      The person 
      1. has negative feelings about everything/critical
      2. actively rejects the new culture/suspicious/people are unfriendly/teachers do not like you/ your landlord is trying to cheat you.
      3. irritable/the food is making you sick/you may develop stomacheaches, headaches, sleeplessness, lethargy, or other physical symptoms. 
   5. In note form, give the difficulties experienced in the second stage of culture shock.(4 marks)
      1. The challenge of making friends.
      2. Difficulty in making ''small-talk''/carrying on a conversation.
      3. Difficulty in understanding how language is used/jokes.
      4. Difficulty in shopping/understanding the system.
   6. Why is making friends helpful in overcoming culture shock?  (2 marks)
      • You are able to socialize easily / ask for help / your confidence improves / learn the language / adapt quickly to the new environment / have a positive attitude towards it.
   7. Explain the meaning of the following words as used in the passage: (3 marks)
      1. alive 
         • alert/aware/responsive/rejuvenated/active/active/animated/having vigour/elated/spirited/happy/excited/jovial
      2. Obsession 
         • something you are crazy about/a preoccupation/an addiction/ something you like a lot.
      3. Negotiating
         • communicating fluently / establishing commonness of meaning / becoming idiomatic in expression / getting understood or understanding fully / convincing.
   8. Staying in touch with friends and family, keeping a positive attitude, and, above all, learning the language as soon as possible are ways to overcome the difficulties and frustrations of adapting to life in a new land.(Rewrite the sentence above without changing the meaning. Begin: You ....)(1 mark)
      • You can/will overcome the difficulties and frustrations of adapting to life in a new  land by staying in touch with friends and family, keeping a positive attitude, and above all, learning the language as soon as possible.
        OR
      • You need/should/ought to stay in touch with friends and family, keep a positive attitude, and above all, learn the language as soon as possible overcome the difficulties and frustrations of adapting to life in a new  land.
2. EXCERPT.  (25 MARKS)
   1. That it is imprudent to save her husband’s life without his knowledge.
   2.  
      1. She told him how much she should love travel abroad like other young wives.
      2. She told him he ought to remember the condition that she was in/that he ought to be kind/indulgent to her.
      3. She hinted to him to take a loan/might raise a loan   any 1 mark 
   3.  
      1. Secretive/discrete – hides the secret of borrowing money.    √1
      2. Loving/caring/compassionate/kind/concerned  – convinces her husband to accept to go south to   save his life.  √1
      3. Judgmental.” With his manly independence loyal/devoted to her family – It would upset.  Would no longer be what it is now “√1
      4. scheming came up with a plan on how to convince Torvald to go south.  √1
         Expect any two well – Illustrated points– 1 mk for identification, 1 mk for illustration.(illustration without identification = 0 )
   4.  
      1. Her husband is a man of strong opinions about such things (borrowing money)
      2. It would be difficult for Torvald, with his manly independence to know he owed her anything.
      3. It would upset their mutual relation altogether/our beautiful home would no longer be what it now.  
   5.  
      1. Family relations – This passage brings out how Torvald and Nora relate; a marriage full of secrets.  
      2. Family loyalty – Nora, though keeping a secret from her husband is negative, she does it to save the family from breakup, or upsetting her husband.  She wants a home to always be a happy one. 
      3. Male dominance/patriarchy/male chauvinism – Torvald believes Nora is thoughtless for hinting to him about raising a loan/Torvald has manly independence. 
         Any two well illustrated themes. 1mk for identification, 1 mk for illustration = 2x2 = 4 mks
   6.  
      1. She has found it difficult to meet her engagements punctually.
      2. She has had to do a lot of savings
      3. She has not been able to put aside much for her house keeping money
      4. She has had to save money given to her by Torvald meant for her dresses. 
         (each point = 1 mk) 
   7. She has been doing a lot of copying to make money.  √1
   8. Complicated/shallow/unstable/conventional no real depth in the relationship Torvald treats her like a child. The relationship is one sided – Torvald makes major decision, rules and does not consult Nora in most things that touch on the family.  2 marks for the description, 1 mark for illustration 
   9. It would both upset our mutual relations (altogether) and our beautiful happy home would no longer be what it is now.
   10.  
       1. Pleas/humble requests/appeals
       2. Compelled/required/made/forced/impelled
3. Read the oral poem below and answer the questions that follow.
   1. Identify and illustrate any FOUR features of oral poetry.(8marks)
      • There is the use of direct translation ''the poor man has no manners."
      • Personification - ''from hunger and thirst in his belly'' Or ''poverty is unjust.'' Poverty has been given human qualities.
      • Alliteration - licking his lips
      • Consonance - blood of lice under his nails
   2. Describe a probable situation in which such a poem could be performed. (2 marks)
      • Can be directed at the youth to caution them to abhor laziness and uphold hard work. …the poor man is devoid of self dignity. 
   3. During a recitation of this oral poem, what elements should be emphasized?(3 marks)
      • Tonal variation
      • Proper use of gestures and facial expressions
      • Mimicry
      • Correct articulation of words
   4. What does the phrase '…with the blood of lice under his nails' reveal about the poor man?(2 marks)
      • Lice are insects associated with dirt and unhygienic conditions. They dwell in bodies of individuals who are dirty. As such, the poor man is portrayed as dirty. 
   5. Describe with illustrations the tone of this poem.   (3 marks)
      • Satirical/humorous tone  
      • Invite a poor man and he rushes in
      • Licking his lips and upsetting the plates
      • Poverty is unjust. If it befalls a man, though he is nobly born, he has no power with God.  
   6. Explain the meaning of the following:  (2 marks)
      1. he eats the head  
         • He lacks any form of self-dignity. Poverty has dehumanized him.
      2. he has no power with God
         • Poverty is like a curse from which one cannot extricate himself.
4. GRAMMAR.   (15 MARKS)
   1.  
      1. Never have we witnessed such cruel behavior by one child to another
      2. David says that he has been saying prayers everyday
      3. The bell was rung earlier than expected (by the time keeper) / The bell was rung (by the time keeper) earlier than expected.
      4. Little does he know about the surprise that await him.
      5. Mary is as good a teacher as you can find anywhere else)  
   2.  
      1. intuitive
      2. inexplicable / unexplainable        
      3. irreverent
         N/B wrong spelling and punctuation = 0
   3.  
      1. on
      2. with
      3. with
   4.  
      1. all together
      2. counsel
   5.  
      1. he fed a woman’s cat some food 
      2. he fed a woman some food that was intended for cats.
      3. He somehow encouraged her cat to eat some food.
         (Meaning must be brought out)