Physics Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Mokasa 1 Joint Pre Mocks Exams 2023

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Instructions to Candidates

Answer ALL the questions in the spaces provided in the question paper.
ALL working MUST be clearly shown where necessary.
Mathematical tables and silent electronic calculators may be used.
Use g=10N/Kg

SECTION A: 25 MARKS

1. The vernier calipers shows the reading of 5.38cm. Draw the diagram showing this. (2 marks)
2. If the vernier calipers used had an error of 0.05cm, find the actual reading (1 mark)
Use the surface molecules X, Y, Z and inner molecule W shown below to explain why the surface of a liquid is under tension (3 marks)
The diagram below shows a force pump used to draw water from a well.

Explain how the continuous flow of water through outlet is achieved (2marks)
A uniform meter rule weighing 1.5 N is in a state of equilibrium when supported as shown below.

Calculate the distance, d (3 marks)
Oil flows through a 14cm internal diameter pipe at an average velocity of 10m/s. Find the flow rate in SI unit (3 marks)
1. State the Newton’s second law of motion (1 mark)
2. A 90kg water skier is being pulled by a speed boat. The force causes her to accelerate at 4m/s². Calculate the accelerating force. (2 marks)
The diagram below shows a simple diagram of a vacuum flask with an enlarged view of the part in a circle.
1. What is the material of item labelled A and C? (1 mark)
2. Explain why A and C is effective in reducing heat transfer. (2 marks)
1. State Hooke’s law (1 mark)
2. A mass of 200g is suspended from the lower end of a spring. If the reading when no mass is hanging on the spring is 45.5 cm and the reading after the mass is suspended is 49.5cm. Calculate the spring constant. (3 marks)
State one assumptions made during determination of the size of oil molecule in the oil drop experiment. (1 marks)

SECTION B: 55 MARKS

1. Define work and state its SI unit (2 marks)
2. A force of 15N is applied on a body causing it to move through a distance of 2m on a surface that offers a friction of 5N Determine the useful work done (3 marks)
3. A man uses a pulley shown in the diagram below to lift a load of 100N through a distance of 3m.
  1. If the friction is negligible, what is the value of effort E (2 marks)
  2. Determine the work done in raising the bucket through a height of 3m (2 marks)
  3. Determine the work done by the effort,E (2 marks)
The figure below shows a lever arrangement with a uniform meter rule of weight 1N balanced by a knife edge at the 30 cm mark. The 5N weight at 0cm mark balances metal block A of volume 2.8 x 10^-3m³ which has been immersed in liquid L. The weight of the beaker is 2.0N and that of liquid is 3.0N. Balance E reads 15N.

Determine:
1. The apparent weight of the metal block A (2 marks)
2. Upthrust on the metal block due to the liquid L (2 marks)
3. The density of liquid L (2 marks)
4. The weight of the metal block in air (2 marks)
5. The density of the solid (2 marks)
6. Why does hydrometer have a narrow stem (1 mark)
A body is projected horizontally at an initial velocity of 120 m/s from a clift 300m tall. Calculate;
1. Time of flight (2 marks)
2. The range (2 marks)
3. Vertical velocity at which the body strikes the ground (2 marks)
A stone is whirled with uniform speed in a horizontal circle having a radius of 16cm. it takes the stone 12 seconds to describe an arc of length 8cm.
Calculate;
1. The angular displacement (2 marks)
2. The angular velocity (1 mark)
3. The linear velocity of the stone (2 marks)
4. The periodic time (2 marks)
1. The diagram below shows a charcoal refrigerator used to cool milk to low temperature.
  
  Explain how the cooling takes place in this refrigerator (2 marks)
2. Give a reason why charcoal is suitable for cooling process (1 mark)
3. 1. Define the term heat capacity and state its SI unit (2 marks)
  2. An electric heater rated 15A, 240V is used to heat 2kg of water from 20°c to 100°c in 160 seconds. Determine the specific heat capacity of water. (2 marks)
  3. Explain why the value calculated in C (ii) an estimate (2 marks)
4. Explain how boiling point of a substance is affected by altitude (2 marks)
1. Define absolute zero. (1 mark)
2. A gas is enclosed inside a cylinder which is fitted with a frictionless piston. Initially, the gas has a volume V₁ and is in equilibrium with an external pressure P. The piston is then pulled backward until the volume becomes V₂ which is twice V₁.
  1. State the change in pressure. (1 mark)
  2. Explain the change in pressure in (i) (2 marks)
  3. State the law that governs the above experiment. (1 mark)
3. The graph below shows the distribution of speeds of a gas at a particular temperature.
  
  State how the peak of the graph would change if temperature is increased. (1 mark
4. The volume of a fixed mass of a gas reduced from 500cm³ to 300cm³ at constant pressure. The initial temperature was 90k. Determine the final temperature. (3marks)

MARKING SCHEME

2. Actual reading = Reading − Error
  = 5.38cm − 0.05cm
  = 5.33cm
Molecule V is surrounded by molecules all round, net force is zero. Molecules X, Y & Z experiences a resultant inward force causing the surface of the liquid to be in tension.
F₃d₃ = F₁d₁ + F₂d₂
3×70 = (3×d) + (1.5× 30)
210 = 3d + 45
3d = 165
d = 55cm
FR = VA
= 10 × (²²/₇ × 0.07 × 0.07)
= 0.154m³/s
1. The rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the resultant external force causing the change and it takes place in the direction of the force.
2. F = ma
  = 90 × 4
  = 360N
1. Silver
2. - A - Poor absorber of heat
  - C - Good reflector of heat.
1. For a helical spring or other elastic material, the extension is directly proportional to the stretching force, provided elastic limit is not exceeded.
2. K = F/e
  = 2N
  0.04m
  K = 50N/m
1. The circular patch is one molecule thick/ only one monolayer
2. There's no intermolecular distance between the molecules of oil.
1. Product of force and distance mmoved in the direction of the force. SI unit joule(J)
2. W.d = F × d
  = (15 − 5)N × 2m
  = 10N × 2m
  = 20J
3. 1. L = E
    = 100N
  2. W.d = P.E = mgh
    = 100 × 3
    = 300J
  3. W.D = E × D_E
    = 100 × 3
    = 300J
1. 5 × 0.3 = 1 × 0.2 + (T × 0.46)
  1.5 = 0.2 + 0.46T
  T = 2.83N
2. u = 15 − 3 − 2
  = 10N
3. u = vpg
  10 = 2.8 × 10⁻³ × p_L × 10
  p_L = 357.14 Kg/m³
4. W = T + u
  = 2.83N + 10
  W = 12.83N
5. Mass of block = 1.283kg
  Volume = 2.8 × 10⁻³m³
  density = 1.283
  2.8 × 10⁻³
  = 458.21Kgm⁻³
6. To make it more accurate
1. S = ½gt2
  300 = ½ × 10 × t²
  t² = 60
  t = 7.746 seconds
2. R = μt
  = 120 × 7.746
  = 929.52m
3. V = gt
  = 10 × 7.746
  = 77.46m/s
1. θ = ^s/_r
  = 0.08
  0.16
  = 0.5rad
2. w =^θ/_t
  = 0.5
  12
  w = 0.0417 rad 5⁻¹
3. V = wr
  = 0.0417 × 0.16
  V = 6.67 ×10⁻³m/s
4. T = 2π
  w
  = 2π
  0.0417
  T = 150.68 seconds
1. Water on charcoal evaporates causing cooling effect on metal tank and milk.
2. It is good absorber of radiant heat causing higher evaporation rate.
3. 1. Heat energy required to raise the temp. of a substance by 1°C. SI - joule per kelvin
  2. IVt = mcΔt
    15 × 240 × 160 = 2 × c × 80
    C = 3600Jkg⁻¹K⁻¹
  3. The heat gained by the container and the one lost to the surrounding is not accounted for.
4. - Increase in altitude lowers the atmospheric pressure hence lowering boiling point.
  - Decrease in altitude rises atmospheric pressure increasing the boiling point.
1. The lowest temp, in Kelvin scale where the energy of the particles is zero or volume.
2. 1. Pressure is halved/ reduces by half
  2. The volume doubles. The number of collisions per unit time is halved/ rate of change nof momentum is halved.
  3. The pressure of a fixed mass of a gas is inversely proportinal to its volume at constant temperature.
3. Move to the right/ shift to the right.
4. V₁ = V₂
  T₁ T2
  500 = 300
  90 T₂
  T₂ = 300 × 90
  500
  = 54K