Biology Questions and Answers - Form 1 End Term 1 Exams 2023

Instrcutions

• Answer ALL the questions

1. The table below shows some minor branches of Biology. Fill in the gaps. (7mks)
    

   Branches	Definition\Description
   Ecology
   	Study of inheritance and variations
   	Study of cell
   Entomology
   Anatomy
   	Study of external structure of organisms
   Parsitology

2.  
   
   1. Define the following terms ( 4mks)
      1.  Nutrition
      2. Excretion
      3. Respiration
      4.  Gaseous exchange –
   2. Differentiate between growth and development. (2 mks)
      1. Growth
      2. Development
3.  
   1. Define the term “specimen” (1mk)
   2. Explain why students of Biology collect specimens. (2 mks)
4.  
   1. Below is an instrument
      
      1.  Name the instrument ________________________
   2. The magnification of a drawing is x25 and the drawing length is 50cm. Calculate the actual length. (2 mks)
5. State five reasons why classification of organisms is necessary. (5 mks)
6.  
   1. Define the following terms:- (2 mks)
      1. Classification
      2. Taxonomy
   2. State the name given to (2mks)
      1. Taxonomic unit
      2. Many taxonomic units
7. Complete the table below showing classification of maize, beans and human beings. (15 marks)
   
   

   Taxonomic unit	Human being	Maize	Beans
   Kingdom
   phylum
   Class
   Order	Primate	Gamanate	Rosale
   Family	Hominidae	Graminae	Luguminosae
   Genus
   Species

8. Giving one example of an organism in each case, list the five kingdoms of living organisms. (10mks)
   1. Kingdom Monera
   2. Kingdom Protoctista
   3. Kingdom Fungae
   4. Dingdom Plantae
   5. Kingdom Animalia
9.  
   1. State the difference between common names and scientific names of living organisms.(2 mks)
      1. Common names
      2. Scientific names
   2. The scientific name of human being is Homo Sapien. Identify two mistakes made in the way this name is written. (2mks)
   3. State two other principles/ruler of writing scientific names. (2 mks)
10.  
    1. Use a relevant diagram to illustrate the hierarchy of classification.
    2. Define the term species
11. in each case state one external features used in: (2mks)
    1. Classify plants
    2. Classify animals
12. Distinguish between locomotion and movement as used in biology (2mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1.  The table below shows some minor branches of Biology. Fill in the gaps. (7 mks)
   
   

   Branch of Biology	Defination /Description
   Ecology	Study of organisms in relation to their surrounding
   Genetics	Study of inheritance and variations
   Cytology	Study of cells
   Entomology	Study of insects
   Anatomy	Study of internal stracturte of organisms
   Morphology	Study of exteranal structure  of organisms
   Pavasitology	Study of parasites

2.  
   1. Define the following terms ( 4mks)
      1. Nutrition – Process through which organisms acquire and utilize nutrients
      2. Excretion – Removal of metabolic wastes from the body of an organism
      3. Respiration – Chemical breakdown of food to release energy
      4. Gaseous exchange – Movement of respiratory gases across a respiratotory surface
   2. Differentiate between growth and development. (2 mks)
      1. Growth – Permanent increase in size of an organism due to increase in protoplasm
      2. Development – Permanent increase in complexity of an organism due to increase in tissues, organs,structure.
3.  
   1. Define the term “specimen”
      • Is a whole or part of an organism being studied or examined.
   2. Explain why students of Biology collect specimens. (2 mks)
      • For further observation and preservation for future use.
4.  
   1. Below is an instrument 
      
      Name the instrument - a hand lens
   2. The magnification of a drawing is x25 and the drawing length is 50cm. Calculate the actual length. (2 mks)
      Actual length =   Drawing length    
                                 Magnification
                            = 50cm
                                 x25
                            = 2cm
5. State five reasons why classification of organisms is necessary. (5 mks)
   • Puts organisms with similar features in one group
   • Organisms are placed into correct groups for reference
   • Information about living organisms is arranged in an orderly manner for easy study.
   • Reveals evolutionary relationships between different organisms.
6.  
   1. Define the following terms:- (2 mks)
      1. Classification – Grouping living organisms according to their characteristics.
      2. Taxonomy – Science of classification
   2. State the name given to
      1. Taxonomic unit – Taxon
      2. Many taxonomic units – Taxa
7. Complete the table below showing classification of maize, beans and human beings. (15 marks)
   
   

   Taxonomic unit	Human being	Maize	Beans
   Kingdom
   Phylum
   Class
   Order	Primate	Gaminates	Rosale
   Family	Hominidae	Graminae	Luguminosae
   Genus
   Species

8. Giving one example of an organism in each case, list the five kingdoms of living organisms.(10 mks)
   1. Kingdom Monera – Bacteria /E. Coli
   2. Kingdom Protoctista – Amoeba, algae, paramecium
   3. Kingdom Fungae – Mushrooms, Yeast
   4. Dingdom Plantae – Pine, black jack
   5. Kingdom Animalia – Human beings, lion etc
9.  
   1. State the difference between common names and scientific names of living organisms.(2 mks)
      
      1. Common names – local names of organisms
      2. Scientific names –
   2. The scientific name of human being is Homo Sapien. Identify two mistakes made in the way this name is written. (2mks)
      1. Species name should start with small letter /be in small letters.
      2. The two names should be underlined separately
   3. State two other principles/ruler of writing scientific names. (2 mks)
      1. Organisms given two names, a genus name and a species name.
      2. All names are in latin or should be latinised.
      3. Printed in italic.
10.  
    1. Use a relevant diagram to illustrate the hierarchy of classification.
       
    2. Define the term species. (2 mks)
       • Smallest unit of classification
       • Large number of features in common members naturally interbreed to produce fertile offsprings.
11.  
    1. List two external features used to:
       1. Classify plants – roots, stems, leaves, flowers, seeds, seta seri etc
       2. Classify animals – shells, sensory organs, fur, mammary glands, scales, fins, body parts, body segments etc.
12. Distinguish between locomotion and movement as used in biology
    • Locomotion is the change in the position of the whole organism while movement is the change in position of organism or its part.