History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - Form 4 Term 3 Opener Exams 2023

• This paper consist of three sections A,B,and C.
• Answer all questions in section A, Three in section B and Two in section C.
• All answers must be written in English and in the spaces provided.

SECTION A: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS THIS SECTION

1. Name the community in Kenya that belong to the southern Cushites.(1mk)
2. Name two Bantu groups in Kenya which settled in mount Elgon area before migrating to their present homeland. (2mks)
3. Name the original homeland of the River lake Nilots in Kenya.
4. Identify one age grade for elders among the Akamba. (1mk)
5. Give one reason why Seyyid Said moved his capital from Muscat to Zanzibar. (2mks)
6. Give one advantage of a dual citizenship to a Kenyan. (1mk)
7. State the main duty of the Governor during the British colonial rule in Kenya. (1mk)
8. State two ways in which the bill of rights promotes the interests of the youth in Kenya. (1mk)
9. Name the treaty that marked the colonial spheres of influence in East Africa in 1886. (1mk)
10. Identify the main reason why the local government was established in Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk)
11. Identify two groups which were involved in the provision of education service in Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks)
12. Give one member of AEMO at its inception in 1957. (1mk)
13. State two functions of the supreme court in Kenya. (2mks)
14. Identify two types of land ownership in Kenya. (2mks)
15. Give two ways in which savings and credit cooperatives societies in Kenya benefit their members. (2mks)
16. State two ways in which the government of Kenya ensures effective utilization of public funds. (2mks)
17. Give the main function of the commission on Revenue Allocation in Kenya.(1mk)

SECTION B:45 MARKS

ANSWER THREE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION.

18.  
    1. Give five reasons that made the highlands Nilots migrate from their original homeland during the precolonial period. (5mks)
    2. Describe the political organization of the Luo during the precolonial period. (1mk)
19.  
    1. Give three reasons why the Kenya Uganda railway was constructed during the colonial period. (3mks)
    2. Explain six problems encountered during the construction of Kenya  Uganda railway.  (12 mks)
20.  
    1. Give five reasons why the government of Kenya adopted the sessional paper no.10 of 1965. (5mks)
    2. Explain five ways in which the Harambee philosophy promoted social development in Kenya since independence. (10mks)
21.  
    1. Identify three factors that led to the development of multiparty democracy in Kenya in the early 1990s. (3mks)
    2. Explain six contribution of multipartism in promotion of democracy in  Kenya. (12mks)

SECTION C: 30 MARKS

22.  
    1. Give five situations that can make a registered voter in Kenya be denied the right to vote. (5mks)
    2. Explain five functions of the independence electoral and Boundaries commission of Kenya. (10mk)
23.  
    1. Identify five requirements in the constitution making process.(5mks)
    2. Describe five features of the independence constitution of Kenya. (10mks)
24.  
    1. Identify five stages in the preparation of national budget. (5mks)
    2. Explain five reasons on why the government of Kenya prepares the National budget. (10mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. Name the community in Kenya that belong to the southern Cushites. (1mk)
   • Dahallo/Sanye
2. Name two Bantu groups in Kenya which settled in mount Elgon area before migrating to their present homeland. (2mks)
   • Abaluhya
   • Abagusii
   • Abakuria
3. Name the original homeland of the River lake Nilots in Kenya.
   • Bahr el Ghaza/Southern sudan
4. Identify one age grade for elders among the Akamba. (1mk)
   • Junior elders
   • Intermediate/Medium/Nthele
   • Full elders/Atumia ma Kivalo
   • Senior elders/Atumia ma ithembo.
5. Give one reason why Seyyid Said moved his capital from Muscat to Zanzibar. (2mks)
   • Zanzibar had favourable climate for clove  growing.
   • Availability of labour/slave labour.
   • Zanzibar had natural deep harbours.
   • Zanzibar had fertile soils
6. Give one advantage of a dual citizenship to a Kenyan. (1mk)
   • A person can work in either of the countries.
   • One can choose to live in either of the countries.
   • One is entitle to the rights/ freedoms provided in the constitution of Kenya.
7. State the main duty of the Governor during the British colonial rule in Kenya. (1mk)
   • To facilitate effective administration of the colony.
8. State two ways in which the bill of rights promotes the interests of the youth in Kenya. (1mk)
   • Guarantees them access to relevant education/training
   • Guarantees them the freedom to associate.
   • Guarantees them access to employment opportunities
   • It protect them against harmful cultural practices.
   • Guarantees them the freedom to be represented.
9. Name the treaty that marked the colonial spheres of influence in East Africa in 1886. (1mk)
   • Anglo German agreement
10. Identify the main reason why the local government was established in Kenya during the colonial period. (1mk)
    • To link the colonial government with the local communities.
11. Identify two groups which were involved in the provision of education service in Kenya during the colonial period. (2mks)
    • Christian missionaries
    • Colonial government
    • Asians
    • Africans
12. Give one member of AEMO at its inception in 1957. (1mk)
    • Daniel Moi
    • Masinde Muliro
    • Lawrence Ogunda
    • James Muimi
    • Tom Mboya
    • Ronald Ngala
    • Bernard Mate
    • Oginga Odinga
13. State two functions of the supreme court in Kenya. (2mks)
    • To hear/determine disputes relating to the election of the president.
    • To hear/determine appeals from the court of appeal /other courts/tribunals
    • To give an advisory opinion concerning county governments.
    • To handle any case which has to do with the interpretation /application of the constitution.
    • To make rules for the exercise of its jurisdiction.
14. Identify two types of land ownership in Kenya. (2mks)
    • Public land
    • Community land
    • Private land
15. Give two ways in which savings and credit cooperatives societies in Kenya benefit their members. (2mks)
    • They give loans/credit facilities
    • They provide banking facilities/saving facilities
    • They invest on behalf of members
    • They create employment
    • They educate members on financial management.
16. State two ways in which the government of Kenya ensures effective utilization of public funds. (2mks)
    • It budget for funds/finance
    • It undertakes regular auditing for funds
    • Parliaments approves /monitors public funds
    • It procures goods/services through open tendering system
    • In investigate/prosecutes corrupt offices through EACC.
17. Give the main function of the commission on Revenue Allocation in Kenya.         (1mk)
    • To ensure equitable sharing of revenue between national and county government /among county governments.

SECTION B:45 MARKS

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION.

18.  
    1. Give five reasons that made the highlands Nilots migrate from their original homeland during the precolonial period. (5mks)
       • In search of water and pasture for their livestock.
       • Outbreak of diseases forced them to move.
       • Attack from other communities/external attack.
       • Increase in population
       • Due to drought and famine
       • Due to family/clan disputes/internal conflicts
    2. Describe the political organization of the Luo during the precolonial period. (10mk)
       • The family was the lowest unit and its head was the father who was referred to as Jaduong.
       • Several related families formed a clan.
       • There was a lineage councils(Bunch Dhout) which settled domestic issues.
       • A council of elders existed in the clan which was responsible for settling disputes.
       • Clans were grouped together to form Oganda headed by a chief elder.(Ruoth)
       • There existed a council of elders(Bunch piny) which comprised of representatives from each clan and mainly settled inter clan disputes.
       • There was a class of warriors (Thuondi)headed by a war leader(osumbwa Mrwayi)and its main responsibility was to defend the community.
       • The luo was a centralized community as they did not have an overall leader.
19.  
    1. Give three reasons why the Kenya Uganda railway was constructed during the colonial period. (3mks)
       • To Facilitate faster movement of troops on to the interior.
       • To ensure effective administration /control over protectorate.
       • To facilitate abolition of slave trade and promote legitimate trade.
       • To link the land locked Uganda with the coast.
       • To facilitate exploitation of resources in the region.
    2. Explain six problems encountered during the construction of Kenya  Uganda railway.  (12 mks)
       • He harsh climate created difficult working environment thus slowing down.
       • There was inadequate labour leading to importation of workers from India.
       • The workers were attacked by tropical diseases/pests leading to ineffectiveness /death.
       • The terrain was poor thus slowing down the construction work.
       • Some communities attacked the workers/stole equipment thereby delaying the construction.
       • They were attacked by wild animals /man eaters of Tsavo leading to death of many workers.
       • There was inadequate supply of essentials/basic commodities which made life unbearable. 
20.  
    1. Give five reasons why the government of Kenya adopted the sessional paper no.10 of 1965. (5mks)
       • To ensure equal opportunities for all citizens.
       • To promote democracy.
       • To ensure that resources are used for the benefit of society and its members.
       • It encouraged various forms of ownership of property.
       • It promote freedom from diseases, ignorance and of poverty.
       • It promote freedom of conscience and human dignity.
    2. Explain five ways in which the Harambee philosophy promoted social development in Kenya since independence. (10mks)
       • Funds have been raised which has enabled sick people to receive specialized treatment locally/abroad.
       • It has promoted interaction of people during Harambee thereby promoting unity in the country.
       • It has enabled construction and social amenities like hospitals/schools/ religious institutions and stadia.
       • It has supplemented government efforts in the provision of services to the people.
       • It has provided education by providing scholarship to ready students.
       • It has inculcated the spirit of hard work /patriotism among the people.
       • It has promoted sporting activities by financing training competition both locally/abroad.
21.  
    1. Identify three factors that led to the development of multiparty democracy in Kenya in the early 1990s. (3mks)
       • International pressure on the government for democracy reforms.
       • Pressure from individuals who had been expelled from KANU without political alternatives.
       • Existence of people who were ready to push democratic agenda ahead.
       • Introduction of multiparty democracy and other African countries eg Togo and Zambia.
       • Discontentment within KANU.
    2. Explain six contribution of multipartism in promotion of democracy in  Kenya. (12mks)
       • It had promoted freedom of association by providing alternative parties for people.
       • It has provided people with forum to express their views about how a country should be managed.
       • It has made the government more accountable to the people through constant criticism.
       • It has provided system of scrutinizing government expenditure through public accounts committee and public investment committees.
       • It has made people feel free to contribute ideas to any aspect of development in the country without feeling intimidated.
       • It has enabled people who wish to form political parties to go ahead and do so.

SECTION C: 30 MARKS

ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS FROM THIS SECTION.

22.  
    1. Give five situations that can make a registered voter in Kenya be denied the right to vote. (5mks)
       • When one is insane/ unsound mind.
       • Where one is discovered to have registered twice.
       • Where one does not have a national identification card on the voting day.
       • When ones’ time is barred/late.
       • When ones’ name does not appear in the voters register.
       • When one present oneself in a constituency where one is not registered.
    2. Explain five functions of the independence electoral and Boundaries commission of Kenya. (1mk)
       • It registers prospective citizens who intend to participate in elections.
       • It announces the results and declares the winner .
       • It appoints election officials which include returning officers and district coordination.
       • It distributes election materials to all polling stations.
       • It ensures compliance with the electoral laws by all the parties involved in order to promote free and fair.
       • It monitors/observes the elections in order to ensure transparency/honesty.
       • It registers all candidates who intended to contest for positions during elections.
       • It settles electoral disputes other than petitions rising from the electoral process in order to ensure smooth/fair elections.
23.  
    1. Identify five requirements in the constitution  making process.(5mks)
       • Provision of education.
       • Collecting views from the public
       • Drafting the constitution
       • The draft constitution is published for the public hearings in all the areas for further recommendations.
       • Governing of a natural constitutional conference to amend or reject the recommendations.
       • The agreed upon issues were re drafted and presented to the altoney general by the review commission.
       • If certain issues are rejected at the conferences, the commission organize a referendum for the public to vote.
       • The altoney general publishes the draft constitution in form of a bill.
       • It is introduced in parliament for enactiment.
    2. Describe five features of the independence constitution of Kenya.                                                                     (10mks)
       • It provided a governor general who has the head of state on behalf of the queen.
       • It provided for an independent Judiciary to ensure justice and to prevent corruption.
       • It set up a judicial service commission to appoint judicial officers.
       • It provides for six regional governments and whose power included control of land, education, health and the police.
       • It provided for the position of the prime minister as the head of the government.
       • It provided for a multiparty democracy where the party with the majority in parliament formed the government.
       • It provided for the separation of powers for the three arms of the government.
       • It provided for a senate and a house of representatives.
24.  
    1. Identify five stages in the preparation of national budget. (5mks)
       • Each government ministry prepares its estimates.
       • The ministries estimates are forwarded to the ministry of finance.
       • The ministry of finance compiles the estimates into a single budget /the proposed budget.
       • The proposed budget is discussed by the cabinet.
       • The government announces the budget day.
       • The minister of finance presents/reads the budget before parliament.
       • Parliament discusses /debates/approves the budget.
    2. Explain five reasons on why the government of Kenya prepares the National budget. (10mks)
       • It enables the government to identify sources of revenue that will be required to meet its financial obligations.
       • It enables the government to explain to the public the tax structure/set the tax levels.
       • It ensures that there is a balance in the country’s revenue and expenditure hence avoiding budget deficit.
       • The government is able to identify ways of spending without any wstage.
       • Parliament is able to public resources utilization through its watchdog committee.
       • It enables the government to identify/prioritize the development projects to finance in the coming year.