HISTORY PAPER 1 Marking Scheme - 2017 KITUI MOCK EXAMINATION

1. One advantage of oral traditions (1 mark)
   • Complement other sources
   • Very suitable when dealing with
   • Gives vivid narration of pats events by those who were there

2. Two Kalenjin speaker who remained at Mt. Elgon (2 marks)
   • Bok
   • Bongomek
   • Kony

3. One reason why Portuguese conquered East Africa (1 mark)
   • Had superior weapons

4. Two political right of the youth guaranteed in the new constitution (2 marks)
   • They can contests for election to parliament
   • In the senate their interests are represented by one male and one female

5. Constitution guarantees national unity through (2 marks)
   • Provides for unity / system of government
   • Enables Kenya to enjoy their  rights
   • Protects Kenyans against discrimination

6. One way of E.A slave trade undermined local industries (1 mark)
   • Competition form imported cheap manufactured goods
   • Skilled people who were making the local goods were taken into slavery

7. Main reason  for Anglo-Germany Treaty of 1890 (1 mark)
   • Uganda was left unclaimed / the western boundary was undefined

8. Main outcome of the Devonshire White Paper of 1923 (1 mark)
   • That Kenya was an African country and the interest of the Africans were to be given priority in cases where there was conflict of interest among the races

9. Two reasons for calling of the Second Lancaster House Conference in 1962 (2 marks)
   • To draft the independence constitution
   • To set a date for independence
   • To sort out the differences between KADU and KANU

10. Importance of affiliation of K.F.L to international trade union (1 mark)
    • It helped check the excesses of the colonial government which they sought to improve its image in the international community

11. Main reason British compelled the African to pay hut tax (1 mark)
    • To compel them to provide labour in European farms

12. Two reason Akamba exhibited mixed reaction (2 marks)
    • Their political organization was decentralized
    • Rivalry between wealthy traders in the area
    • Initially they misunderstood the intentions of the European as being just passer-by

13. Content of a national budget (2 marks)
    • Revenue expected
    • Government expenditure
    • Methods of raising revenue such as tax structure

14. One house committee of parliament which deals with government financial matters (1 mark)
    • Public Investment Committee (PIC)
    • Public Account Committee (PAC)

15. Two occasions when the president attends parliament (2 marks)
    • During opening of new parliament
    • During dissolution of parliament
    • During the presentation of national budget day

16. Two political events that threatened stability of Kenya between 1975 and 1978 (2 marks)
    • Assassination of Josiah Mwangi Kariuki (JM Kariuki) in 1975
    • Change of the constitution debate
    • The passing on of the founder of the Nation Mzee Jomo Kenyatta in 1978

17. The fund into which all government revenue is paid (1 mark)
    •  The consolidated fund

SECTION B (45 MARKS)

18.  
    1. Three social reason for coming of Christian missionaries (3 marks)
       • To stop slave trade
       • To spread Christianity
       • To spread western in civilization
       • To check spread of Islam
       • For adventure / exploration 3 x 1 = 3 marks
    2. Six factors that facilitated spread of Christianity in Kenya (12 marks)
       • Support form colonial government
       • Discovery of quinine to treat malaria
       • Use of Kiswahili was widely spread
       • Explorers gave them report about the interior
       • They were quick to learn local languages
       • They got support from local rulers
       • Constitution of missionary station that served as centres of converting Africans
       • Christianity was appealing to many people as it preached equality
       • Emergence of independent churches that boosted the initiative to Africanize Christianity 6 x 2 = 12 marks

19.  
    1. Five reasons for collaboration by African communities (5 marks)
       • Needed support to defeat their rivals
       • To acquire western education, health and religion
       • To extend trade ties especially in fire arms
       • It was prestigious to be associated with  superior race
       • Due to internal problems e.g. wars , drought and famine 5 x 1 = 5 marks
    2. Five results of the Maasai collaboration with the British (10 marks)
       • Defeat of Sendeyo – Lenana’s rival which marked Lenana’s political growth
       • Maasai land was alienated
       • The British build the railway across Maasai land with no hindrance
       • Maasai were rewarded with cattle for their assistance
       • Maasai warriors were used by British in colonial conquest 5 x 2 = 10 marks

20.  
    1. Three political development which hastened the achievement of independence in Kenya
       • Formation of political parties (KADU, KANU)
       • Formation of trade unions
       • Formation of independent churches and schools
       • Formation of UNO which fought decolonization
       • Return of Jomo Kenyatta form UK strengthened nationalists
       • Independence of other countries e.g. Ghana 3 x 1 = 3 marks
    2. Role played by Wangari Maathai in the history of Kenya (12 marks)
       • Founder of the Green Belt Movement
       • Involved in tree planting activities in the country
       • Safeguarding Karura forest form destruction by private developers
       • Stopped the proposed constitution of a 60 storey Kenya Times Media Trust Complex at Uhuru park
       • Fought against land grabbing and the encroachment  of desert
       • She chaired the Green Belt Movement Board (2002 – 2011)
       • Held seminars to educate citizens on environmental conservation
       • Addressed international network like UN to seek support for environmental conservation
       • Became the pioneer African woman and environmentalist to win the Noble Peace Price
       • She campaigned for the women members of staff to get equal pay and allowances with their male counterparts as she was working at the University of Nairobi
          6 x 2 = 12 marks

21.  
    1. Five internal factors that led to the revival of Multi-party politics in Kenya form 1991
       • Hard economic times coupled with corruption
       • Rigging in the 1988 general election
       • Pressure form the clergy
       • The Saitoti Review Committee report of 1991
       • Repeal of section 2A of the constitution
       • KANU’s failure to accommodate divergent views
       • Role of multi-party activities 5 x 1 = 5 marks
    2. Five challenges experienced in implementing multi-party in Kenya (10 marks)
       • Inadequate funds
       • Leadership wrangles
       • Personality differences
       • Interference form international community
       • Selfish politicians (bribe voters)
       • Many political parties formed on tribal lines
       • State control over media and other government machinery
       • Frustrations form ruling party that tends to dictate to the opposition 5 x 2 = 10 marks

 SECTION C (30 MARKS)

22.  
    1. Kenya government ensure that rule of law is upheld
       • Independent court system to try criminals
       • Those found guilty are allowed to appeal for retrial
       • Arrests suspect
       • Empower parliament to control excess of the executive
       • Subjecting all citizens under the same law
       • Entitling every accused person legal representation by an advocate 3 x 1 = 3 marks
    2. Six efforts made by the government of Kenya to promote national unity (12 marks)
       • Encouraged intermarriages
       • Encouraged free movement of Kenyans
       • One constitution
       • Has increased the number of national schools
       • It supports sports and other inter-school activities
       • Banned tribal organization like GEMA
       • Set up National Cohesion Commission to enforce national unity and punish hate speech that can injure national unity
       • Common currency
       • Common language (national and official)
       • One examination body (KNEC etc.) 6 x 2 = 12 marks
23.  
    1. Three responsibilities of the secretary to the cabinet (3 marks)
       • Take charge of the Cabinet office
       • Keeping minutes of the Cabinet
       • Arrange the business of the Cabinet subject to its directions
       • Convey the decisions of the Cabinet to the appropriate persons 3 x 1 = 3 marks
    2. Six functions of the Supreme Court (12 marks)
       • Hears appeals form court of appeal
       • Interprets the constitution
       • Plays an advisory role
       • Hears appeals rising out of presidential elections
       • Reviews the certification of the court of appeal
       • Makes rules for the exercise of its jurisdiction 6 x 2 = 12 marks

24.  
    1. Five duties of a returning officer (5 marks)
       • Setting up of polling booths in each polling station
       • Receiving nomination papers form candidates
       • Distribution of ballot papers and boxes to polling stations
       • Supervising voting and counting of votes in a constituency
       • Appointing presiding officers in each polling station
       • Announcing results in the constituency 5 x 1 = 5 marks
    2. Electoral process in Kenya
       1. Voter and civic education
       2. Voter registration
       3. Nomination of candidates
       4. Campaigns
       5. Polling 5 x 2 = 10 marks