Agriculture Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Sunrise 2 Evaluation Mock Exams 2022

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

Write your name and index number in the spaces provided.
Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided
This paper consists of three section A,B and C
Answer all the questions in section A and B
Answer any two questions in section C
All the questions should answered in the spaces provided

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

SECTION	QUESTIONS	MAX SCORE	CANDIDATES SCORE
A	1-18	30
B	19 - 23	20
C		20
		20
	TOTAL	90

QUESTIONS

SECTION A (30 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

1. What is a notifiable disease (1mk)
2. Name two notifiable diseases of cattle (1mks)
Give four faults in the eggs that are detected during egg candling (2mks)
Give two reasons for maintaining farm tools (1mk)
1. Give two roles of litter in a deep litter poultry house (1mk)
2. State one role of footbath in a poultry house ( ½ mk)
Mention four advantages of embryo transplant (2mks)
Give functional difference between the following tools (2mks)
1. Stock and die and pipe cutter
2. Ball pein hammer and claw hammer
State four features of an ideal calf pen (2mks)
State four signs of furrowing observed in pigs (2mks)
State three methods of restraining cattle ( 1 ½ mk)
Give four ways of stimulating milk let down in a dairy cow (2mks)
Differentiate between cropping and harvesting in fish keeping. (1 mark)
Name the dairy breed of cattle which (1mk)
1. Produces the highest yield of milk
2. Produces milk with the highest butterfat content
State four pre-disposing factors of mastitis (2mks)
Name any two renewable sources of power in the farm (1mk)
State four factors considered when computing a ration for livestock on the farm(2mks)
State two ways in which digestion of food in pigs differs from that in Ruminants(2mks.)
State two conditions which would make it necessary to feed bees (1mk)
State two ways of caponization in poultry ( 2mks)

SECTION B (20 MARKS)
Answer all questions in this section in the spaces provided

The diagram below is a cross section of part of a cow’s udder.
1. Label the parts marked A,B,C and D (2mks)
  A
  B
  C.
  D.
2. Name two hormones that control milk - let down in a dairy cow. (2mks)
3. What is a dry cow therapy (1mk)
1. Identify each of the parasites of livestock shown below. (2marks)
  
  A
  B
  C
  D
2. What is the difference between parasites A and Band parasites C and D? (1mark)
3. Suggest an effective control measure of the parasites labelled C (1mark)
Below are illustrations showing the behavior of chicks in various brooders. Study the diagrams and answer the questions that follow.
1. State the environmental problem in each brooder as illustrated by the behavior of the chicks (3marks)
  A
  B
  C
2. State two ways of overcoming the problem in B (2marks)
3. Why brooder is recommended to be round in shape (1mks)
Below is a diagram of a farm implement
1. Identify the implement (½ mark)
2. Label the parts marked A, B, C, D and E. (2 ½ marks)
  A..
  B.
  C.
  D..
  E
3. State the functions of the parts labelledC and E (2mks)

SECTION C (40 mks)
Answer any two questions from this section in the spaces provided after question

1. Discuss the management of layers from one day old to the start of laying in a deep litter System. (14mks)
2. Explain management practices that would improve fish production. (6mks)
1. State the daily maintenance and servicing of a tractor (10marks)
2. Describe the structural requirement to be considered when constructing a calf pen (10marks)
1. Explain four factors that affect digestibility of food in livestock. (8mks)
2. Explain the essentials of clean milk production (7mks)
3. State five disadvantages of natural method of mating. (5mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. Notifiable disease is a highly contagious and infectious diseases whose out break must be reported in police / livestock authority. (1 mk)
2. - Rinder pest
  - Foot and mouth disease
  - Newcastle
  - African swine flu
  - Gumboro
  - Fowl pox (2x ½=lmk)
- double yolk
- meat spot
- hair cracks
- broken egg shell
- very porous egg shell
- very small size of air space (4x½= 2 mks)
- To make them efficient
- To make the last long
- To avoid injury
- To avoid damage (2 x ½ = 1 mk)
1. - Absorb moisture
  - keep the floor warm (2 x ½=lmk)
2. To disinfect the feet of the farmer (½mk)
- possible to implant embryo from a high quality female to less quality female hence improving performance of off springs.
- Stimulates milk production in female that was not ready to produce
- A highly productive female can be spread over a larger area to benefit many farmers.
- It is easier to transport embryo in test tubes than the whole animal
- Embryo can be stored for long periods awaiting availability of a recipient female. (4x½=2mks)
1. stock and die —used for cutting threads on pipes Pipe cutter — used for cutting PVC pipes 1 mark
2. Ball pein hammer — used for riveting and striking the head of cold chisel /straighten bent metal surface. Claw hammer —used for driving and removing nails from wood /straightens bent nails ( 1 mk)
Factors that determine water intake
- Type of feed
- Physiological status of the animal
- Ambient temperature
- Species of the animal
- Age of the animal/size /weight
- Level of production (4 x½=2 mks)
1. Signs of furrowing in pig (2mk)
  - Restlessness
  - Vulvas swells and reddens
  - Udder becomes full with a milky substance
  - Sow starts to build a nest by collecting some bedding at one corner
- a crush
- ball ring and a lead stick
- with halters
- use of lead yoke
- ropes (3x½=l½mks)
- Washing the udder with warm water
- Familiar noises
- Sucking from calf
- Feeding with concentrates
- Presences of milk man
- Presences of milk utensils
- Milking at regular times (4x ½ =2mks)
Cropping is the removal of fish of marketable size from the pond while harvesting is the removal of all the fish from the pond.
1. Friesian (½mk)
2. Jersey (½mk)
- Ages
- stage of caetation period
- udder attachment / loosely/ pendudus
- incomplete milking
- Mechanical injuries
- poor sanitation
- poor milking technique (4 x ½ = 2 mks)
- Solar energy
- Wind power (2 x ½= lmk)
- Body size / body weight
- Available feeds stuffs
- Nutrient composition of feedstuffs available
- cost of feeds
- ingredients required
- level of production of animals
- Age /stage of growth
- Type of production e.g. broiler (4 x½= 2mks)
- Pigs Ruminants
- Do not chew cud chew cud
- cannot regurgitate regurgitate food
- cannot digest cellulose can digest cellulose
- enzymatic digestion in the mouth presence of ptyalin No ptyalin hence no enzymatic digestion in the mouth
- Most digestion and absorption takeplace in the Most digestion and absorption takes place in small intestine rumen
- When flowers are not available / during dry season
- When a big number beehive is kept (2 x ½= 1 mk)
- injecting the male chick with stilbestrol
- Inserting pellets of female sex hormones undernearth the skin of male chick
1. - A-Aveoli
  - B-Gland cistern
  - C-Teat Cistern
  - D- Teat
2. - Oxytocin
  - Adrenalin
1. identification of
  - A – Lice
  - B – Flea
  - C – Liver fluke / fasciola SSp ( 4x ½ =2mks)
  - D- Roundworm / Ascaris SSP
2. Differences
  - A and B are External / Ectoparasites (2x ½ =1mk)
  - C and D are internal parasites / Endoparasites
3. Effective control liver fluke
  - Eradicate water snail / round snail/ lymnac SPP
  - Deworming / Use of Antihelruintics (1x1=1mk)
  - Draining marshy areas
1. - A- very cold
  - B- very hot
  - C- Draught from one side (3x1=3mks)
2. - Reduce the amount of heat
  - Increase ventilation (2x1=2mks)
3. To avoid suffocation of chicks (1mk)
1. Farm implement – ox- plough ( ½ mrk)
2. - A- Mould board (2 ½ mks)
  - B – Share
  - C – Main beam
  - D - Land – wheel
  - E – Land – side
3. Function of (1 mrk)
  - C – Attachment of all parts
  - Adds weight for deeper ploughing
  - E – Stabilizes plough against thrust by furrows slices (1 mrk)
1. Disinfect the brooder 2 — 3 days before the day old chicks are brought in.
  - Spread newspaper over the litter to prevent chicks from eating litter. V1
  - Spread some food on the newspaper so that chicks can learn to eat.
  - Remove the newspaper when the chicks have learnt to eat from feeders
  - Feed on chkk mash upto 8” week.
  - Gradually introduce growers mash from week z
  - Debeak (on the 1th day)
  - Keep chicks in the brooder for 6—8 weeks.
  - Provide and maintain source of heat as necessary.
  - Provide adequate clean water
  - Vaccinate against common diseases especially New castle.
  - Control external parasites
  - Insulate sick chicks
  - Treat sick chicks.
  - Introduce roosts for perching (on 6th week)
  - Introduce grit / sand to help in digestion.
  - Hang green vegetable to keep them busy.
  - Feed on growers marsh to 18th — 20th week.
  - Gradually replace by layers mash from 18°’ week.
  - A specific day/week must be indicated to award mark. (1 x½= ½mks)
2. 1. Ensure correct and adequate supply of food for fish through regular pond fertilized on.
    - Control stocky rate to avoid overpopulation
    - Control water pollution by removing debris
    - Lime the fishpond regular.
    - Maintain a steady supply of flowing water. This ensures that there is sufficient
    - oxygen in the water
    - Maintain appropriate level of water in the pond by regulating the flow of water in and out of the pond.
    - Harvest the fish at the right stage of maturity.
    - Control predators by facing off the pond
    - Remove weed or grass that grows on the pond lining.
1. Daily maintenance and servicing of a tractor (10x1=10 mrks)
  - Check engine oil using dip stick and adjust accordingly
  - Check fuel level
  - Check water level in radiator
  - Check level of electrolyte in the battery
  - Check for loose nuts and bolts and tighten
  - Grease moving parts
  - Check tyre pressure
  - Check and remove sediments in sediment owl
  - Check fan belt tension and adjust accordingly
  - Check the breaks and maintain break fluid level on recommended
2. Structural requirements in construction of a calf pen (10 mrks)
  - Concrete floor – for easy cleaning.
  - Spacious – to allow exercise and placement of equipment
  - Singly – crawl spread of parasites
  - Preventing licking one another and to control formation of hair balls
  - Proper drainage – prevent dampness which predispose to infections
  - Drought free – prevent cold winds which predispose to pneumonia
  - Leak proof – Avoid damp conditions / wetness which predispose to navel ill; pneumonia
  - Warm and dry – to avoid infections
  - Well ventilated – allow proper air circulation in the structure
  - Lockable / secure – provide security against predators / thieves
1. Factors affecting digestibility of food in livestock
  - Chemical composition of the feed e.g. % of lignin or cellulose will influencedigestibility
  - The form in which the feed is offered to the animal e.g. crushed maize is more digestible than whole grain.
  - The species of the animal e.g. the digestibility of grass is higher in sleep than inPigs.
  - The ratio of energy to protein will affect digestibility. The higher the ratio the lower the digestibility
  - The quantity of feed already present in the digestive system of an animal.
2. 1. - Healthy milking heard
    - Should be free from milk-borne diseases such as brucellosis‘ and tuberculosis which is easily transmitted to man
  2. - Clean milking cows
    - The flanks underline and the whole udder should be washed and dried thoroughly before milking
  3. - Healthy and clean milk –man
    - A milker suffering from any contagious diseases should not be allowed to milk or handle milk
  4. - Clean milking shed
    - Milking she or palour should be kept clean ,free from dust or odours
  5. - Clean milking utensils
    - The milking utencils and equipments should be seamless, smooth with joinfillefacilitate easy cleaning
  6. - Milk filtration /cooling and storage to 5ºC immediately after milking immediately after milking
    - Milk should filtered and cooled down
  7. Avoid flavours in milk
    - Bad flaours in milk are caused by foodstuffs and ovulation should be avoided before milking (7 x1 = 7mks)
3. Disadvantages of Natural method of mating
  - High chances of in breeding or in breeding is not controlled.
  - High chances of breeding disease transmission ie brucellosis or parasites such as trichonomas spp
  - Males require extra pasture to feed on.
  - Large males can injure small females.
  - A lot of semen is wasted as single ejaculation produce semen that can serve several cows.
  - It is cumbersome and expensive to transport a bull to hot areas to serve cows. (5 x 1 = 5mrks)