History Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Wahundura Boys Mock Examination 2023

INSTRUCTIONS 

• This paper consists of three sections A, B and C.
• Answer all questions in section A, three questions in section B and two questions in section C

QUESTION

SECTION A (25MARKS)
Answer all questions in this section

1. Identify one limitation that hinders use of electronic sources to get historical data. (1mark)
2.  Give two major cultural developments by man towards the end of new Stone Age. (2marks)
3. State two changes that marked Agrarian Revolution in Britain (2marks)
4. State one advantage of using steel over iron during the Industrial Revolution in Europe (1mark)
5. State two advantages of using airplanes over the ship as a means of transport. (2marks)
6. Identify one form of picture writing during the early civilizations. (1mark)
7. State two uses of water as an early source of energy in industries. (2marks)
8. Identify two factors that led to the decline of Kilwa (2marks)
9. State one way through which trade contributed to the rise of Asante Empire during the 19th century. (1mark)
10. Identify one way through which Europeans maintained peace among themselves during partition of Africa. (1mark)
11. .State two factors that facilitated application of indirect rule in the Northern Nigeria. (2marks)
12. Give two resolutions of the Berlin conference of 1884 -1885 (1 mark)
13. Identify two ways in which SamoriTouré acquired fire arms during the Mandinka Resistance. (2 marks)
14. State one reason why USA did not join the First World War until 1917. (1 mark)
15. Name the principal judicial organ of the United Nations Organization. (1 mark)
16. Give two principles of Arusha Declaration of 1967 in Tanzania. (2 marks)
17. Give one weapon used during the cold war. (1mark)

SECTION B (45MARKS)
Answer any three questions in this section

18.  
    1. State five ways in which the development of the upright posture improved the early man’s way of life. (5marks)
    2. Describe the cultural and Economic practices of the early man during the Middle Stone Age Period. (10marks)
19.  
    1. Give five methods used to acquire slaves from West Africa during the Trans-Atlantic trade. (5marks)
    2. Explain five factors that led to the decline of the Trans-Saharan trade. (10marks)
20.  
    1. Give 3 causes of army mutiny in Democratic Republic of Congo in 1960. (3marks)
    2. Explain six reasons why the Lozi collaborated with the British during colonization of Africa (12marks)
21.  
    1. Give five reasons that encouraged nationalist in Mozambique to use armed struggle to attain independence. (5marks)
    2. Why did the French system of assimilation fail in the area outside the communes of Senegal (10mks)

SECTION C (30MARKS)
Answer any two questions in this section

22.  
    1. State three reasons for the failure of Schlieffen plan during First World War. (3marks)
    2.  Explain six reasons for the Allies Victory during Second World War. (12marks)
23.  
    1. State three conditions that gave rise to the Non-Aligned movement. (3 marks)
    2. Explain six challenges of the Non-Aligned movement. (12marks)
24.  
    1. Name three types of federal courts in USA (3marks)
    2. What are the duties of the Prime Minister in Britain (12 marks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer ALL the questions in this section

1. Identify one limitation that hinder use of electronic sources to get historical data.
   • Cannot be used in areas without electricity.
   • They are expensive to obtain and use
   • Some require experts. (1x1 = 1 mk)
2. Give two major cultural developments by man towards the end of new Stone Age.
   • Religion.
   • Government. (2x1 = 2mks)
3. State two changes that marked Agrarian Revolution in Britain (2x1 = 2mks)
   • mechanization of agriculture
   • development of plantation agriculture
   • adoption of land enclosure system
   • abolition of fallows
   • application of scientific principles of farming
4. State one advantage of using steel over iron during industrial Revolution in Europe
   • Steel was ligher
   • Steel was more flexible
   • Steel was stronger
   •  It was harder
   •  It could not rust (1x1 = 1mk)
5. State two advantages of using aeroplanes over the ship as a means of transport.
   • Aeroplane is a faster means of transport.
   • Aeroplane can access remote regions of the world. (2x1= 2mks)
6. Identify one form of picture writing during the early civilization.
   • Hieroglyphics.
   • Cuneiform (1x1=1mk)
7. State two uses of water as an early source of energy in industries.
   • Cooling machines.
   • Mixing chemicals.
   • to turn spinning machines in texture industries.
   • Grinding grains into flour (2x1=2mks)
8. Identify two factors that led to the decline of Kilwa
   • Disruption of the gold trade due to civil wars
   • Dynastic rivalries caused by the competition for power by some royal families.
   • Constant rebellion by vassal states weakened the city states.
   • Attack, conquest and eventual occupation by the Portuguese. (2x1=2mks)
9. State one way through which trade contributed to the rise of Asante Empire during the 19th century.
   • Were able to acquire weapons. (1x1=1mk)
10. Identify one way through which Europeans maintained peace among themselves during partition of African.
    • Calling Berlin conference
    • Signing treaties among themselves (1x1=1mk)
11. State two factors that facilitated application of indirect rule in the Northern Nigeria.
    • linguistic unity
    • Existence of centralized administration.
    • Taxation system. (2x1=2mks)
12. Give two resolutions of the berlin conference of 1884-85
    • Congo river was declared free for navigation by ships of all the represented nations
    • Congo basin was declared neutral area in case of war
    • Religion toleration was to be observed in the Congo basin,
    • Doctrine of effective occupation was draw, which required maintenance of occupation army in the claimed area and the occupier power to inform other signatories of the Berlin Act. Any 2x1 = 2 marks
13. Identify two ways in which Samori Toure acquired fire arms during the Mandinka Resistance. (2marks)
    • By manufacturing locally
    • From organized raids on enemies
    • By trading with the British. Any 2 x 1 = 2mks
14. State one reason why USA did not join the First World War until 1917.
    • The war had not interfered with her interests until then.
    • She was a trading partner with majority of the European countries.
    • There were people of German origin in USA. She was therefore afraid that the war could be fought on her soil.
    • The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 of non-involvement with European affairs. (1x1=1mk)
15. Name the principal judicial organ of the United Nations Organization.
    • International court of justice. (1x1=1mks)
16. State two provisions contained in the Arusha declaration document adopted by Tanzania in 1967.
    • Emphasized self-reliance
    • Creation of ujamaa (socialism)
    • Avoidance of discrimination of all forms based on class, wealth status, sex and religion.
    • Nationalization – putting the control of production in the hands of the indigenous people. (2 x 1 = 2 mks)
17. Give one weapons used during the cold war.
    • Economic sanction
    • Propaganda
    • Boycotts
    • Policy on non-cooperation
    • Economic and military alliance

SECTION B (45 MARKS)

18.  
    1. state five ways in which the development of the upright posture improved the early man’s way of life.
       • The early man was able to move/walk/run faster with long strides;
       • Man could use the hands to carry out farming activities;
       • Man could use the hands to grasp items conveniently;
       • Man could spot/sight the animals/wild fruits which he used to hunt/gather from fardistances;
       • Man could see the impending danger from a distance and take appropriate measures;
       • Man used hands to make tools/ weapons which were used for different purposes.
       • Man used the hands to defend himself/attack the enemies.
       • Man used the hands to perform/carry out domestic chores/young ones.Any 5 x 2 = 10 marks
    2. Describe the cultural and Economic practices of the early man during the Middle Stone Age Period
       • His occupation was hunting, gathering and fishing.
       • He improved his tools.
       • Lived settled life in rocks and caves.
       • wore animal skins as clothes.
       • made shells and necklaces and painted his body with red ochre and oil.
       • Developed simple language for communication and religious beliefs . (5x2=10mks)
19.  
    1. Give five methods used to acquire slaves from West Africa during the Trans-Atlantic trade.
       • Slaves were exchanged for European manufactured goods.
       • Prisoners of war who had been captured during local wars were sold to slave dealers.
       • Slave traders kidnapped lonely travelers.
       • Some local rulers sold their own subjects to the slave dealers.
       • Slaves were obtained through raids.
       • Some people were enticed and eventually sold into slavery.
       • Debtors were sold to slave traders / panyering. (5 x 1 = 5mks)
    2. Explain five factors that led to the decline of the Trans-Saharan trade.
       • Competition from Trans-Atlantic trade.
       • The tuaregs changed their roles to offer security to being robbers
       • Penetration of the Europeans into the interior of west Africa killing the middlemen
       • Increased insecurity in western Sudan in 1590ADdue to invasion of morocco.
       • Exhaustion of trade items like gold and salt.
       • Decline of some kingdoms like Mali and Songhai.
       • Anti-slave campaigns led to abolition of the trade.
       • Invasion of morocco by Iberian countries (Spain and Portugal) who blocked goods from the ports led to the decline. (5x2=10mks)
20.  
    1. Give 3 causes of army mutiny in Democratic Republic of Congo in 1960.
       • An end to the domination of the army and government by senior Belgian officers at the expense of this Congolese.
       • Replacement of the Belgium officers with the Congolese.
       • An end to discrimination in job allocation out grading, especially in the army. (3x1=3mks)
    2. Explain reasons why Lozi collaborated with the British during colonization of Africa
       • Lewanika collaborated with the British in order to protect his kingdom against the Germans and Portuguese invasion/Europeans enemies
       • Lewanika desired western education and civilization and wanted the British to introduce it in his country wanted his son to be educated.
       • In order to preserve the economy structure of his people.
       • Desire for the promotion of trade between Britain and his people.
       • He was influenced by European missionaries.
       • Lewanika wanted protection against his internal enemies e.g 1884 lewanika faced an internal rebellion/safeguard his position.
       • Lewanika was encouraged to collaborate with British by king khama of gwato who had already sought British protection against the Boers.
       • He wanted protection from Shona and Ndebele/African enemies.
       • Lewanika saw futility of resisting a strong power like Britain so he chose to collaborate.
21.  
    1. Give five reasons that encouraged nationalist in Mozambique to use armed struggle to attain independence.
       • Portugal refused to listen to the grievances of the Africans.
       • Nationalist were trained in fighting skills.
       • Nationalist were supported and encouraged by communist countries.
       • They were inspired by MauMau freedom fighters.
       • The country was forested and conducive for guerrilla warfare.
       • They composed songs / poems to attack colonialism.
       • The United Nations(UN) denounced colonialism thus boosting the morale of the nationalist.
       • The liberation committee of the organization of the African unity /Tanzania and other(O.A.U) Members supported the Nationalist with finance and weapons. (5x1=5mks)
    2. why the French system of assimilation fail in the area outside the communes of Senegal
       • Rigid cultures among west African people
       • Traditional African rulers who did not want to lose their authority and influence over assimilated people.
       • French people feared to be outnumbered in French chamber of deputies.
       • The vastness of the French colonies made it difficult to supervise the implementation of the policy of assimilation /inadequate personnel.
       • The people who had been converted Islam resisted the French attempted to convert them to Christianity.
       • There was opposition by French traders in west Africa who feared competition from assimilated Africans.
       • It was opposed by the imperialist who did not want African to be equal to Frenchmen.
       • The French government found it expensive to implement the policy because it required building many school and employing teachers.

SECTION C (30 MARKS)
ANSWER ANY THREE QUESTIONS.

22.  
    1. State three reasons for the failure of Schlieffen plan during first world war.
       • Russia mobilized her forces faster than expected thus Germany was forced to deploy her forces to Eastern front.
       • German invasion of Belgium did not go as fast as anticipated.
       • Both sides were more evenly matched than German thought.
       • Britain entry into the war also contributed into the delay (3x1 = 3 mks)
    2. Explain six reasons for the Allies Victory during Second World War.
       • They had many supporters hence large army
       • Germany's failure to effectively control her expansive conquered territories created division.
       • When US recovered from her losses, she reamed herself and attacked Germany.
       • The USA entry into the war boosted the Allies.
       • Allied forces possessed the most superior weapons.
       • Axis powers suffered from a shortage of raw materials that could sustain their military and Economy.
       • The Axis powers made serious tactical mistakes i.e. Japan and Germany.
       • Allies powers were boosted by Britain involving her empires in the war i.e. in Africa and Asia. ( 2 x 6 = 12mks)
23.  
    1. State three conditions that gave rise to the Non-Aligned movement.
       • The fear and threats of super power interference with the sovereignty of neutral states.
       • The necessity to form a united front to resist the U.S.A or Soviet Union dominance.
       • The need for independent states to form a United movement to tackle international and regional issues. ( 3 x 1 = 3mks
    2. Explain six challenges of the Non-Aligned movement.
       • The super powers continued to interfere in the affairs of member states.
         1. Frequent boarder disputes between member states.
       • Allegiance to regional bloc organizations e.g. common wealth A.U. e.t.c
       • Pronounced civil and millitary unrest, war and coups in several member states.
       • Lack of effective secretariat and executive mechanism to co-ordinate its affairs.
       • Economic constraints that caused high poverty ratio.
       • Personality differences of leaders.
       • The end of the cold war following the breakup of communist activities of the movement.(6x 2 = 12mks)
24.  
    1. Name three types of federal courts in USA
       • supreme courts
       • court of appeal
       • federal district courts.
       • court of claims
       • circuit courts
       • court of customs. (3x1=3mks)
    2. What are the duties of the Prime Minister in Britain
       • Appoint/dismisses ministers with the consent of the Monarch.
       • Recommends to the monarch the appointment of high ranking officers in governments/awards civil honors
       • Chairs cabinets meetings.
       • Settles disputes between various government ministers/departments.
       • Overseas the implementation of cabinet decisions.
       • The prime minister with the support of parliament can change, amend and repeal laws.
       • Lead the house of commons.
       • Heads the goverments.
       • Represents the country in international forums.
       • Determines when elections are held
       • He/she is the leader of the party that nominated him /her. ( 6x2=12mks)