History Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Cekana Mock Exams 2023

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INSTRUCTIONS

This paper consists of three sections, A,B and C
Answer all the questions in section A, three questions from section B, and two questions from section C
Answers to all the questions in section A must be written in the spaces provided after each question
Answers to all the questions in section Band C must be written in the answer booklet provided after question 24
Candidates should answer all the questions in English

QUESTIONS

SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer all questions from this section

Give the relationship between History and Government. (1mark)
Identify the main method used by Anthropologists to obtain information in History and Government (1mark)
Give two reasons that made early Human beings to live in groups during the Stone Age period (2marks)
State one ways in which the Sumerians in Mesopotamia reclaimed land for Agriculture. (1mark)
Identify two traditional forms of water transport. (2marks)
Give the main advantage of the mobile phone (1mark)
State two factors that contributed to the decline Meroe as an early urban centre (2marks)
Identify one type of spirit associated with the Shona kingdom (1mark)
State two ways European nations maintained peace among themselves during the process of partitioning Africa (2marks)
Name two treaties signed between Lobengula and the British during the process of colonization of Africa. (2marks)
State two events that marked the end of the first world war (2marks)
Give two economic benefits enjoyed by members of Commonwealth (2marks)
Name the military alliance formed by capitalist nations during the cold war. (1mark)
Give the main reason why the Pan African movement was formed at the beginning of the 20th century (1mark)
Name one financial institution established by the African union. (1mark)
State two aims of the Arusha declaration (2marks)
Name one house of parliament in India. (1mark)

SECTIOM B (45 MARKS)
Answer any three questions from this section

1. State three physical characteristics of homo-habilis (3marks)
2. Describe six ways of life of early man during the Mesolithic period (12marks)
1. State three port towns that developed in West Africa as a result of the Trans-Atlantic Slave trade (3marks)
2. Explain six factors that led to the decline of the Trans-Saharan trade. (12marks)
1. Outline Five challenges facing industrialization in Brazil. (5marks)
2. Explain six positive effects of scientific inventions on Agriculture (10marks)
1. Highlight five reforms that were introduced by the Germans in Tanganyika after the Majimaji rebellion. (5marks)
2. Explain five disadvantages of Samori Toure’s second empire at Dabakala (10marks)

SECTION C (30 MARKS)
Answer any two questions from this section

1. State three symbols of Royal Authority in Buganda Kingdom (3marks)
2. Describe six aspects of the political organization of the Asante during the pre-colonial period (12marks)
1. State three ways in which the rise of dictatorship in Europe contributed to the outbreak of world war II (3marks)
2. Explain six political effects of World War I (12 marks)
1. State five roles that the monarch plays in relation to the British Government (5marks)
2. Explain six merits of a federal system of government with references to the United States of America (USA) (12marks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer all questions from this section

Give the relationship between History and Government. (1mark)
- History is the study of mans past activities/events while Government is the study of how people are governed/administration/ ruled
Identify the main method used by Anthropologists to obtain information in History and Government (1marks)
- Observation
Give two reasons that made early Human beings to live in groups during the Stone Age period (2marks)
- For security
- To Share resources
- companionship
State one ways in which the Sumerians in Mesopotamia reclaimed land for Agriculture. (1mark)
- Irrigation
- Digging of ditches/ drainage
- Construction of dykes
Identify two traditional forms of water transport. (2marks)
- Raft/ logs
- Oar driven boat
- Sailing ships
Give the main advantage of the mobile phone (1mark)
- It is portable
State two Factors that contributed to the decline Meroe as an early urban centre (2marks)
- Rise of the Axum kingdom/conquest by Axum
- Desertification/ Deforestation/decline in agriculture
- Exhaustion of iron ore/minerals
Identify one type of spirits associated with the Shona kingdom (1mark)
- Vadzimu/ family spirit
- Mhondoro/ clan spirit
- Chamirruka/ national spirit
State Two ways European nations maintained peace among themselves during the process of partitioning Africa (2marks)
- Signing treaties among themselves
- Convening the Berlin conference1884-1885
Name two treaties signed between lobengula and the British during the process of colonization of Africa. (2marks)
- The Moffat treaty
- Rudd Concession
State two events that marked the end of the first world war (2marks)
- Entry of the U.S.A into the first world war in 1917
- Withdrawal of Russia from the first world war in 1917/collapse of USSR
Give Two economic benefits enjoyed by members of Commonwealth (2marks)
- Favourable trading opportunities to members
- Financial assistance given to the poor nations
- Technical/ research assistance to members countries
- Support for youth programs/ projects for development
Name the military alliance formed by capitalist nations during the cold war. (1mark)
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO )
Give the main reason why the Pan African movement was formed at the beginning of the 20th century (1mark)
- To unite people of African descent across the world
Name one financial institution established by the African union. (1mark)
- African Central Bank
- African Investment Bank
- The African Monetary Fund
State two aims of the Arusha declaration (2marks)
- To promote self reliance
- Human equality/non discrimination
- Build socialist society / ujamaa
- To nationalize means of production
- To ensure equal distribution of resources
Name one house of parliament in India. (1mark)
- Rajya sabha/upper house /council of states
- Lok Sabha/lower house/ house of people

SECTIOM B (45 MARKS)
Answer any three questions from this section

1. State Three physical characteristics of homo-habilis (3×1=3marks)
  - Well-developed thumb like modern man
  - Teeth like of modern man
  - Communication using elementary speech
  - Shape of face and skull like modern man
  - 5 feet tall
  - Large brain capacity 775cc
  - Occasionally walked on two legs
2. Describe six ways of life of early man during the Mesolithic period (6×2=12marks)
  - Man obtained his food through hunting and gathering where he hunted elephants, hippopotamus
  - Man started living in caves for protection from worid animals
  - Man communicated through clicking and grunting sound
  - Man invented fire for cooking, warming.
  - Man wore clothes made from animal skin
  - Man lived in groups for security, companionship
  - Man practised rock art that is he painted his cave
  - Man decorated his body using red ochre
    (First 6×2=12 marks)
1. State Three port towns that developed in West Africa as a result of the Trans-Atlantic Slave trade (3×1=3marks)
  - Elmina
  - Badagri
  - Sekondi
  - Winneba
  - Goree
  - Lagos
  - Whydah
  - Accra
  - Dakar
2. Explain six factors that led to the decline of the Trans-Saharan trade. (12marks)
  1. The main trading goods got exhausted e.g. salt and gold
  2. Insecurity greatly increased as Tuaregs abandoned their role and robbed traders
  3. Invasion of Morocco ports along Atlantic and Mediterranean by Portugal and Spain made her not to access goods hence trade was disrupted
  4. Collapse of powerful kingdoms such as Mali Songhai, Ghana
  5. The rise and grow of the trans-Atlantic trade as a number of traders abandoned the Trans-Saharan trade and joined the new trade
  6. European activities along west Africa undermined the trade by causing competition to the African middlemen in the interior
  7. Abolition of slave trade which denied traders a key trading item
  8. The desert conditions like sandstorms and the desert insects were too difficult for the development of trade
  9. Invasion of western Sudan by morocco which undermined trading activities
    (First 6×2=12marks)
1. Outline Five challenges facing industrialization in Brazil. (5×1=5marks)
  1. Poverty- which hinders investment and reduces peoples purchasing power
  2. Poor transport system- which hinders industrial development in the remote rural areas and also causes under-exploitation/ underutilization of the natural resources in some regions/poor technology
  3. Huge foreign debt – much of her national income is used in servicing the debt instead of investment in industrial development
  4. Stiff competition - Her products face stiff competition from those coming from industrialised/developed countries such as U.S.A, Britain, France and Germany.
  5. Inadequate technology – Brazil technology is at low level which has led to ineffective exploitation of her rich natural resources
  6. Repatriation of profit – by multinationals thus denying Brazil the much needed revenue for investment in industrial development.
2. Explain six positive effects of scientific inventions on Agriculture (5×2=10marks)
  1. Scientific invention have led to improvement in farming methods and animal husbandry – this leading to increase in food production
  2. The invention of machines to replace human labour has quickened the agricultural process
  3. Discovery of food preservation methods like canning, refrigeration and pasteurization has minimized loss of agricultural produce
  4. Through scientific inventions agriculture has been transformed from small scale subsistent farming to a large scale economic activity
  5. Scientific invention have led to discovery of new scientific method of farming e.g. through use biotechnology
  6. Scientific invention have led to quick or fast transportation of farm inputs
  7. Marketing of farm inputs and output has been improved by scientific invention through availability of telecommunications inventions like print media e.g. radio, television etc.
  8. Scientific invention has resulted into setting up of industries which consume agricultural produce directly as raw materials
    (First 6x2=12marks)
1. Highlight five reforms that were introduced by the Germans in Tanganyika after the Majimaji rebellion. (5×1=5marks)
  1. Forced labour for settlers farms was abolished
  2. Communal cotton growing was stopped and Africans were encouraged to plant their own cotton and get profit from it
  3. Cororal punishment was forbidden and those settlers who mistreated their workers were punished
  4. Better education and medical services for Africans were introduced
  5. Africans were involved in administration of the regions as Akidas and Jumbes
  6. The new governor censored newspapers that supported settlers against Africans
  7. A colonial department of German government was formed in 1907 to closely investigate the affairs of Germans East Africa
  8. Extra taxation of Africans was rejected by the new governor
  9. Kiswahili was accepted as the official language
  10. Colonial administration in Tanganyika was tailored to suit the Africans
    (Any 5x15marks)
2. Explain five disadvantages of Samori Toure’s second empire at Dabakala (5×2=10marks)
  - He was cut off from the Bure and wangara gold mines and trade routes hence he was denied revenue
  - He was cut off from free town where he used to obtain army/arms/weapons
  - The southern boundary was open to attacks from ivory coast
  - He was surrounded by enemies from all directions by the French as they occupied all territories neighbouring Dabakala
  - The Britsh occupation of Asante hindered his eastward migration
  - The neighbors/ local people did not support him as he was seen as an alien
    (first 5x2=10marks)

SECTION C (30 MARKS)
Answer any two questions from this section

1. State three symbols of Royal Authority in Buganda Kingdom (3marks)
  - The throne (Namulondo)
  - Royal spears
  - Royal drums
  - Royal stools
    (Any 3x1=3marks)
2. Describe five aspects of the political organization of the Asante during the pre-colonial period (12marks)
  1. They had a centralized system of government
  2. They were ruled by a king / Asantehene
  3. The kingdom was divided into three – Kumasi, amatoo states and the conquered states
  4. The king was the commander in chief of the armed forces
  5. The Asantehene ruled with the help of a confederal council of kings/ omanhenes- they took an oath of allegiance to ensure loyalty to the king
  6. The conquered states were ruled by their kings but treated as province of Asante – The Asantehene appointed a representative in each conquered state
  7. Had a standing army for external defense
  8. They had the golden stool which was a symbol of national unity
  9. They held the annual odwira festival which strengthened unity in the kingdom
  10. They had a wall established judicial/ court system based at Kumasi headed by the Asantehene
  11. Each omanhene had black stool which was a symbol of authority
    (First 6x2=12marks)
1. State three ways in which the rise of dictatorship in Europe contributed to the outbreak of world war II (3×1=3marks)
  - They started re-armament/ re-arming
  - They overthrew democratic governments
  - They were aggressive / attacked other countries
2. Explain six political effects of world war I
  - The size of Germany was reduced by an 8th and her population by 6.5 million.
  - German overseas colonies were taken over by the League of Nations
  - The League of Nations was formed to promote peace among nations
  - New nations were created in Europe e.g. Yugoslavia, Hungary
  - Political boundary of Turkish/ottoman empire was reduced as Syria, Palestine, Iraq and Egypt were no longer her possessions
  - Development and use of advanced military equipment’s e.g. submarine poison, aircraft
  - It led to nationalistic feelings among Africans who participated in the war
    (first 6x2=12marks)
1. State three roles that the monarch plays in relation to the British Government
  - At the end of elections the monarch invited the leaders of party with the majority
  - The monarch formally opens parliament at the beginning of a new session
  - The monarch is the legal head of the state and the symbol of national unity
  - Before a bill becomes law the monarch give royal assent
  - Pardons convicted offenders
  - Directs/looks after foreign policy/enactment of treaties
  - Commander in chief of the armed forces
  - Creates peers in the House of Lords/appoints Arch Bishop/Bishops of the church of England
  - Appoints judges of the courts
  - Confers honours to Citizens who have excelled in different fields
  - The monarch has the powers to officially dissolve the parliament at the end of its tenure of office
    (first 3x1=3arks)
2. Explain six merits of a federal system of government with references to united states of america (5×2=10marks)
  1. A federal system of government enables different states to live together but at the same time relation their distinct identities
  2. Enables the states to have more economic viability/ wider market
  3. States are more able to tackle their common problems jointly rather than individually
  4. The existence of a joint defense force ensures security for small states
  5. It ensures that the interest of small states and minority group are better protected
  6. It enable member state to benefit from the federal pool of resources
  7. It eases trede by eliminating custom duties and by the use of a common currency
  8. Federalism enables several states to work as one political unite
    (first 5x2=10marks)