History Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Mokasa 1 Joint Pre Mock Exams 2023

• This paper consists of three section: A,B and C.
• Answer all the questions in section A, three questions in section B and two questions in section C.
• The candidates must answer all questions in English.

SECTION A

1. Identify two types of oral traditions used to obtain information on history and Government.(2mks)
2. Name two sources of information on the Creation Theory of man(2mks)
3. State two negative effects of the land enclosure system in Britain during the 18th century.(2mks)
4. Give two features of the Roman roads by 300AD.(2mks)
5. Identify one of the picture writing during the early civilization (1mk)
6. Name the invention that was made by Wright Brothers (1mk)
7. What was the main function of the Council of elders among Africa societies during the Pre-colonial period?(1 mk)
8. Identify two types of nationalism in South  Africa during the struggle for the majority rule(2mks)
9. Name the people who founded the ancient city of Meroe (1 mk)
10. Give two roles of the Emirs in northern Nigeria during the colonial period(2mks)
11. Give the main reason why the golden stool was important in the Asante Empire.(1mk)
12. Name the person who initiated the formation of the triple alliance (1mk)
13. State two social factors which caused the MajiMaji rebellion.(2mks)                           
14. Name two types of spirits among the Shona (2 mks)
15. Identify one financial institution established by the African Union(1mk)
16. State one way in which Angola was affected by the cold war.(1mk)
17. Give one chamber of the congress in USA(1mk)

SECTION B     (45 MARKS)

18.  
    1. State  the last five stages of evolution of man(5mks)
    2. Describe five ways in which the development of the upright posture improved the early       mans way of life(10mks)
19.  
    1. Highlight five effects of scientific inventions on medicine.(5mks)
    2. Describe five factors which have influenced industrialization in India.(10mks)
20.  
    1. Give five reasons that encouraged the nationalists in Mozambique to use armed struggle to attain independence.(5mks)
    2. Explain five challenges faced by nationalists in Mozambique. (10mks)
21.  
    1. State five European powers which colonized Africa. (5mks)
    2. Explain five results of the Mandinka resistance against French invasion in the 19th century. (10mks)

SECTION C (30 MARKS)

22.  
    1. Identify three political parties in India.(5 mks)
    2. Explain six ways through which the powers of the president of United States of America(USA) are checked (12mks)
23.  
    1. Highlight five causes of the second world war.(5mks)
    2. Explain five factors that led to the easing of Cold War. (10 marks)
24.  
    1. Give three characteristics of Human Rights(3 mks)
    2. Discuss six reasons why the United Nations Charter on Human Rights is important.(12 mks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A

1. Identify  two types of oral traditions used to obtain information on history and Government.(2mks)
   • Riddles
   • Myths
   • Songs
   • Poems
   • Tongue twisters
   • Proverbs
   • Stories
   • Legends
   • Dances  (Any 2 x 1=2mks)
2. Name two sources of information on the Creation Theory of man(2mks)
   • The Bible
   • The Koran   (Any 2x 1=2mks)
3. State two negative effects of the land enclosure system in Britain during the 18th century.(2mks)
   • It displaced  poor people/landlessness
   • It forced the poor people o migrate to urban centres
   • It increased pauperism/poverty in Europe
   • Created immigrants to other parts of the world. (Any 2x1=2mks)
4. Give two features of the Roman roads by 300AD.(2mks)
   • They were straight
   • They were well drained/raised above the ground
   • They were durable
   • They had bridges/tunnels                 (Any 2 x 1=2mks)                             
5. Identify one for of picture writing during the early civilization (1mk)
   • Hieroglyphics-Egyptians
   • Cuneiform –Sumerians (Any 1 x 1=1mk)
6. Name the invention that was made by Wright Brothers (1mk)
   • Aeroplane /Aircraft ( 1 x 1=1mk)
7. What was the main function of the Council of elders among Africa societies during the Pre-colonial period?(1 mk)
   • They mediated/settled disputes/made peace in the community. ( 1 x 1=1mk)
8. Identify two types of nationalism in South  Africa during the struggle for the majority rule(2mks)
   • African
   • Afrikaner
   • British (Any 2 x 1=2mks)                             
9.  Name the people who founded the ancient city of Meroe (1 mk)
   • The Nubians ( 1 x 1=1mk)
10. Give two roles of the Emirs in northern Nigeria during the colonial period(2mks)
    • They collected taxes
    • They settled disputes
    • They maintained law and order
    • They recruited labor for public works.
    • They eliminated practices which  were not acceptable with the British (Any 2 x 1=2mks)                             
11. Give the main reason why the golden stool was important in the Asante Empire.(1mk)
    • It united the people/it was a symbol of unity
12. Name the person who initiated the formation of the triple alliance (1mk)
    • Otto von Bismark ( 1 x 1=1mk)
13. State two social factors which caused the MajiMaji rebellion.(2mks)(Any 2 x 1=2mks)                             
    • The Germans  anti-social  behavior
    • The Germans disrespect towards African traditional practices
    • Kinjeketiles magic water instilled confidence in the people
    • The ruthlessness of Germans to Africans
14. Name two types of spirits among the Shona (2 mks)
    • Vadzimu/family
    • Muhondoro /clan
    • Chaminuka /chamiruka/National     (Any 2 x 2=2mks)
15. Identify one financial institution established by the African Union(1mk)
    • The African Monetary Fund
    • The African Central Bank
    • The African Investment bank    (Any 1 x 1=1mk)
16. State one way in which Angola was affected by the cold war.(1mk)
    • It triggered civil war/political instability in the country
    • Angola received military/economic assistance (Any 1 x 1=1mk)
17. Give  one chamber of the congress in USA(1mk)
    • the senate
    • house of representatives (Any 1 x 1=1mk)

SECTION B

18.  
    1. State  the last five stages of evolution of man(5mks)
       • Australopithecus (southern ape)/Sinjethropus/Nut cracker man
       • Homo abilis (handy man)
       • Homo erectus (upright man)
       • Homo sapien (intelligent man)
       • Homo sapien sapiens(modern man)  (5x 1=5 mks)
    2. Describe five ways in which the development of the upright posture improved the early mans way of life(10mks)
       • The early man was able to move
       • Man could use hands to carry out farming activities
       • Man could use the hands to grasp items conveniently.
       • Man could see the impending danger from a distance and take appropriate measures
       • Man used hands to carry out domestic chores
       • He used hands to defend himself
       • Used hands to make weapons   (Any 5 x2=10 mks)
19.  
    1. Highlight five effects of scientific inventions on medicine.(5mks)
       • It resulted with the discovery and manufacture of preventive/curative drugs
       • It led to development of vaccines
       • It has prolonged life
       • It has led to production of advanced medical equipments
       • It has led to decreased mortality rate
       • It has led to improved health
       • Has increased job opportunities
       • Development of test tube babies has helped childless coupes to have children.
       • Has made surgical operations safer by reducing the number of people who die after operation. (Any 5x 1=5 mks)
    2. Describe five factors which have influenced industrialization in India.(10mks)
       • The existence of cottage industries created a firm foundation for industrial take off.
       • Development of efficient transport ad communication infrastructure has eased the movement of goods/services
       • The introduction of banking/insurance industry which availed capital/loans facilities
       • The provision of technical/scientific education which has produced experts in different fields
       • Availability of different sources of energy which were used in industries
       • Availability of raw materials which were used in industries
       • The formulation of sound national development plans which gave priority to industrialization
       • Existence of political stability/peace which boosted confidence of the investors.
       • A large populationin India which provided market for goods.
       • Availabilitity of semi-skilled/unskilled labour from the large population.
       • Availability of external market
       • Availability of funds/loan provided by the foreign governments helped the country     (Any 5 x2=10 mks)
20.  
    1. Give five reasons that encouraged the nationalists in Mozambique to use armed struggle to attain independence.(5mks)
       • Portugal refused to listen to the grievances of the Africans
       • The nationalists were trained in fighting skills
       • The liberation committee of O.A.U supported the nationalists with finance and weapons
       • The nationalists were encouraged and supported by the communists countries
       • The success of the Mau Mau freedom fighters in Kenya inspired them
       • The country was forested and conducive for guerilla warfare
       • The united nations denounced colonialism thus boosting the morale of the nationalists
       • Support from the frontline states e.g Tanzania,Zimbabwe,Malawi,Zambia.       (Any 5x 1=5 mks)
    2. Explain  five challenges faced by nationalists in Mozambique. (10mks)
       • They lacked basic needs such as food, cloths and medicine
       • Personal ambitions caused disunity among the nationalists
       • Ideological differences led to the formation of rival guerrilla movements such as MANU,COREMO and FRELIMO
       • The nationalist were demoralized by the assassination of their leader Eduardo Mondlane
       • The Portuguese government ruthlessly suppressed the nationalist movement
       • The South African apartheid government assisted the Portuguese to fight the nationalist.
       • Portugal outlawed political movements
       • The Christian church in Mozambique condemned the nationalist movement        (Any 5 x2=10 mks)
21.  
    1. State five European powers which colonized Africa. (5mks)
       • Britain/ Great Britain/ United Kingdom
       • France
       • Belgium
       • Portugal
       • Italy
       • Holland/Netherlands
       • Spain
       • Germany (Any 5x 1=5 mks)
    2. Explain five results of the Mandinka resistance against French invasion in the 19th century. (10mks)
       • Many people lost their lives due to conflict/war between them and the French soldiers
       • Property like houses, food stores and livestock were destroyed due to the use of scorched earth policy by the Mandinka warriors
       • It sowed the seed of nationalism among the Africans who later organized movements to liberate themselves/inspired other nationalists
       • The Mandinka lost control over all their trading/ economic activities/ such as gold mines
       • Their leader Samori Toure was captured and deported to Gabon where he died in 1900
       • The Mandinka people were forced to flee/displaced from their areas thereby becoming refugees in neighboring states/kingdoms
       • Mandinka people experienced starvation/famine as farming activities were neglected
       • The war created suffering/ misery among the people leading to a state of despair
       • Disruption of traditional institutions e.g. chiefdoms were made ineffective in discharging duties.  (Any 5 x2=10 mks)

SECTION C (30 MARKS)

22.  
    1. Identify three political parties in India.(5 mks)
       • The Communist Party of India(CPI)
       • Congress party/Indian National Congress Party
       • The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
       • Regional Parties/Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)India Ann the Telegn Desam/Akal Dal/The National Conference.
         (Any 3x 1=3 mks)
    2. Explain six ways through which the powers of the president of United States of America(USA) are checked (12mks)
       • The supreme court may declare a decision by the president unconstitutional
       • Presidential appointees are approved by the congress before assuming office to ascertain suitability
       • A sitting president may be impeached by the congress if his/her conduct is deemed unconstitutional
       • The congress may disapprove the budget to support foreign policy if it disagrees with it.
       • The presidential  term is limited to two four-ear terms by the constitution
       • The president is obligated to consider public opinion in making decisions
       • The press/media monitors president’s actions
       • The pressure groups act to check on president’s powers (Any 6x 2=12 mks)
23.  
    1. Highlight five causes of the second world war.(5mks)
       • The policy of appeasement
       • The great depression
       • violation of the Versailles treaty
       • growth of nationalism in Europe
       • failure of the league of nations to prevent war
       • formation of alliances
       • the emergence of dictators in Europe
       • rise of Adolf Hitler
       • arms race.   (Any 5x 1=5 mks)
    2. Explain five factors that led to the easing of Cold War. (10 marks)
       • USSR under Nikita Khrushchev who took over after Stalin’s death in 1953 was more flexible.
       • Negotiations between the super powers to reduce arms e.g. SALT-1972, START – 1991.
       • Liberal policies introduced by Gorbachev, in which he opened up to the West.
       • Fall of communist rule in Eastern Europe and ushering in of the Western democracies.
       • Role played by Ronald Reagan of USA by encouraging peace talks with Russia.
       • The dissolution of the Warsaw Pact.
       • Unification of Germany in 1991.
       • The fall of the berlin wall/ reunification of Germany.   (Any 5 x2=10 mks)                         
24.  
    1. Give three characteristics of Human Rights(3 mks)
       • They are indivisible
       • They are universal/apply equally to all people
       • They have limitations
       • They can be suspended/derogated
       • They are inherent/inborn/integral (Any 3x 1=3 mks)
    2. Discuss six reasons why the United Nations Charter on Human Rights is important.(12 mks)
       • It promotes policies/strategies geared towards eradication of poverty in the society
       • It promotes good governance by advocating for equal distribution of resources in the society
       • It promotes peace/security in the society by encouraging respect for Human Rights.
       • It encourages protection of the rights of the vulnerable groups /members of the society in order to prevent violation/abuse of their rights.
       • It promotes development by addressing issues of discrimination in employment opportunities/exploitation.
       • It advocates for humanitarian assistance to the needy people affected by disasters/calamities thereby easing their suffering.
       • It has led to the promotion of women rights/empowerment by advocating for gender equality
       • It encourages /advocates for provision of education to all in order to empower them/improve their social welfare.
       • It forms the basis of Human Rights legislations made by other countries/institutions
       • It promotes good governance by ensuring that peoples political rights are safeguarded
       • It prevents terrorism by undertaking Human Rights.
       • It promotes justice by guaranteeing individual rights to a fair trial.
       • Helps to promote territorial integrity and sovereignty through self-determination. (Any 6x 2=12 mks)