Geography Questions and Answers - Form 1 End Term 2 Exams 2022

Questions

1.      
   1. Name two branches of Geography. (2mks)
   2. What is the relationship between Geography and Mathematics? (2mks)
2. The diagram below represents the internal structure of the earth. Use it to answer question (a)
   
   
   1. Name the parts marked U and V. (2mks)
   2. Describe the composition of the
      1. Crust. (4mks)
      2. Core. (4mks)
3.        
   1.        
      1. Describe the solar system. (2mks)
      2. The local time at manual 600W is 11.30am. What is the time in Nairobi 370E. (3mks)
   2. Give five proofs that the earth is spherical. (5mks)
   3. State two effects of the rotation of the earth. (2mks)
4.       
   1.      
      1. Define the term weather. (2mks)
      2. Explain how the following factors influence weather
         • Cloud cover. (4mks)
         • Local winds. (4mks)
   2. The diagram below represents a weather measuring instrument. Use it to answer question (i) and (ii)
      
      
      1. Which element of weather is measured using the instrument shown above? (1mk)
      2. Describe how the instrument is used. (3mks)
      3. The table below shows the temperature and rainfall readings for station T in one week. Use it to answer question (c)
         

         Day	Mon	Tue	Wed	Thur	Fri	Sat	Sun
         Temperature °C	23	23	24	21	25	25	23
         Rainfall in mm	50	49	49	45	60	60	49

   3.         
      1. Calculate:
         1. The range of temperature for the week. (1mk)
         2. The mean weekly rainfall. (2mks)
      2. State four benefits of weather forecasting. (4mks)
   4. Give four characteristics of the stratosphere. (4mks)
5. Suppose your class carried out a field study on weather around your school environment;
   1. Give four methods the class used to collect data in the field. (4mks)
   2. State three advantages of studying weather through fieldwork. (3mks)
   3. State three problems likely to be encountered during fieldwork. (3mks)
6.  
   1. Give three types of maps. (3mks)
   2. State any two uses of maps. (2mks)
   3.        
      1. Name two types of scales. (2mks)
      2. Give the uses of scales in a map. (2mks)

Marking Scheme

1.        
   1. Name two branches of Geography. (2mks)
      • Physical Geography
      • Human Geography
   2. What is the relationship between Geography and Mathematics? (2mks)
      • Geography information can be analyzed or presented accurately through application of Mathematical techniques
2. The diagram below represents the internal structure of the earth. Use it to answer question (a)
   
   1. Name the parts marked U and V. (2mks)
      • U – Mohorovicic discontinuity (moho)
      • V – Mantle /Asthenosphere
   2. Describe the composition of the
      
      1. Crust. (4mks)
         • Divided into two layers ie sime and Sisal
         • Made of solid rocks
         • Sial is rich in silica and Aluminium
         • Sima is rich silica and Magnesium.
         • Sima is made up of dense rocks 2.8 – 3.0gm/cc
         • Sial is made of lighter rocks 2.7gm/cc it floats on Sima.
      2. Core. (4mks)
         • Composed of two parts (inner core and Outer core)
         • Outer ore has a density of 10 - 12gm/cc
         • Temperature of the outer core is 3700⁰C
         • Inner core has a temperature of 5500⁰C
         • Both the inner and the outer core have iron and Nickel Minerals.
         • Outer core is in molten state.
         • The inner core exists in a solid state.
         • Inner core has higher density of 16 -17gm/cc
3.       
   1.          
      1. Describe composition of the solar system. (2mks)
         
         • The sun is the only star in the solar system. Several planets revolve round the sun.
         • Smaller heavenly bodies include: natural satellite, meteoroids, asteroids and comets.
      2. The local time at Manaus 600W is 11.30am. What is the time in Nairobi 370E. (3mks)
         • Answer 5:58 P.M
   2. Give five proofs that the earth is spherical. (5mks)
      • Lunar eclipse
      • Circular horizons
      • Photograph taken by satellites
      • Resemblance to other planets
      • The approach of a ship in the port
   3. State two effects of the rotation of the earth. (2mks)
      • Day and Night
      • Deflection of winds
      • Rising and falling of ocean tides
      • Variation in speed of air masses
      • Difference of one hour between meridians 150 apart
4.            
   1.               
      1. Define the term weather. (2mks)
         • Condition of the atmosphere of a given place over a short period of time
      2. Explain how the following factors influence weather
         • Cloud cover. (4mks)
           
           • Reduce the amount of solar radiation reaching the earth’s surface.
           • Heavy cloud cover moderate both day and night temperature
           • Absent of Clouds results in high day temperature and very low temperature.
         • Local winds. (4mks)
           • Land and sea breezes verse direction of prevailing winds
           • Sea breeze also lower the temperatures of the surrounding areas
           • Sea breeze may also increase precipitation by supplying extra moisture content through evaporation.
   2. The diagram below represents a weather measuring instrument. Use it to answer question (i) and (ii)
      DIAGRAM
      
      1. Which element of weather is measured using the instrument shown above? (1mk)
         
         • Rain gauge
      2. Describe how the instrument is used. (3mks)
         
         • Erected outside in open ground
         • Water collects into the collecting jar though the funnel
         • At time of taking measurements the funnel is removed from the barrel
         • Water is poured into the measuring Cylinder
         • A reading in millimetres is taken and recorded
   3. The table below shows the temperature and rainfall readings for station T in one week. Use it to answer question
      1.        
         1. Calculate:
            The range of temperature for the week. (1mk)
            • Maximum – Minimum
              25 -21 =⁰C
         2. The mean weekly rainfall. (2mks)
            50 + 49 + 55+ 45 + 60 + 60 + 49 =    368   
                                      7                                 7
            = 52.57mm
      2. State four benefits of weather forecasting to people. (6 marks)
         • It enables farmers to plan their farming activities.
         • It helps people to choose the clothing for the day.
         • It influences design of houses.
         • It guides in the timing of sporting / tourist activities.
         • It helps in averting natural disasters related to weather.
         • It guides in landing and taking off of aircrafts.
         • It helps in planning military activities.
         • It guides fishing activities
      3. Give four characteristics of the stratosphere. (4mks)
         • Increase in temperature with increase in height has the ozone which absorbs UV light contains very little dust and water vapour. Atmospheric pressure containers to fall with increase in height
5. Suppose your class carried out a field study on weather around your school environment;
   1. Give four methods the class used to collect data in the field. (4mks)
      • Taking measurements
      • Observation
      • Experimentation
      • Extracting from secondary source
   2. State three advantages of studying weather through fieldwork. (3mks)
      • First hand information
      • Reliable data
      • Data obtained is accurate
      • Saves time
   3. Highlight problems likely to be encountered during fieldwork. (3mks)
      • Dishonest respondents
      • Environmental
      • Constraints Sickness
      • Failure in keeping time
6.             
   1. Give three types of maps. (3mks)
      • Atlas maps
      • Topographial
      • Sketch
   2. State any two uses of maps. (2mks)
      • Weather trends indications
      • Political boundaries
      • Direction and Location of places
   3.       
      1. Name two types of scales. (2mks)
         • Statement Scale
         • Linear scale
         • Representative Fraction scale
      2. Give the uses of scales in a map. (2mks)
         • Measuring Distance on maps
         • Calculated on maps