History Questions and Answers - Form 3 Mid Term 1 Exams 2023

INSTRUCTIONS

This paper consist of three sections: A,B and C.
Answer all questions in all sections
Candidates should answer the questions in English.

SECTION A(25 MKS)

Define the term 'pre-history'; (1mk)
Give one contribution of archaeology to the study of history (1mk)
Identify two aspects of man's culture that had their origin in the late stone age (2mks)
Give two reasons why man moved from forests to settle in grasslands. (2mks)
Identify two agrarian changes that took place in Britain in the 18th century (2mks)
Identify one natural factor that caused the Abagusii to migrate from mount Elgon region to their present homeland. (1mk)
Identify one age-group of elders among the Akamba. (1mk)
State the main factor that contributed to the growth of city states along the Kenya coast before 1500 AD. (1mk)
Define ‘ National integration’. (1mk)
State two results of the construction of the suez canal. (2mks)
Give two features of the Roman roads by 300 AD. (2mks)
State the main contribution of the discovery of chroloform in the field of medicine. (1mk)
Give two ways in which the constitution of Kenya guarantees the rule of law. (2mks)
Identify two developmental rights of a child. (1mk)
State two characteristics of human rights. (2mks)
Give one reason why human rights are important. (1mk)
Identify the head of a county in Kenya. (1mk)

SECTION B

1. State three characteristics of microlithics tools used by the late stone age period. (3mks)
2. Explain six problems faced by early humans in hunting and gathering activities. (12mks)
1. State five disadvantages of road transport. (5mks)
2. Explain five negative impacts of modern means of communication. (10mks)
1. Identify three ways in which water was used in industries during the 18th century.(3mks)
2. Explain six social effects of the industrial revolution in Europe during the 18th century (12mks)

SECTION C: 30 MARKS

1. Give three factors that led to the growth of the Buganda kingdom.(3mks)
2. Describe the political organization of the Asante kingdom.(12mks)
1. Identify three ways in which Direct democracy is exercised in Kenya. (3mks)
2. Explain six features of Kenya’s independence constitution. (12mks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A(25 MKS)

Define the term pre-history(1mk)
- It is the study of history of man in the distant past that relies on excavated materials and fossils
Five one contribution of archaeology to the study of history (1mk)
- It is useful method of reconstructuring the history of man in pre-history times
- It give detailed information on material culture of the ancient man
- It complements other sources of information and ensures the truth of the information
Identify two aspects of man's culture that had their origin in the late stone age period.(2mks)
- permanent settlement
- Development of agriculture
- Development of government
Give two reasons why man moved from forests to settle in grasslands. (2mks)
- There were more wild animals in the grasslands
- The climate in the grassland was warmer
- The grass land provided the much needed water.
Idenrify two agrarian changes that took place in Britain in 18th century.(2mks)
- crop rotation
- Land enclosure system
- Farm mechanization
- Abolition of fallows
State one natural factor that caused the Abagusii to migrate from mount Elgon region to their present homeland. (1mk)
- Famine
- Diseases
- Drought
Identify one age-group of elders among the Akamba. (1mk)
- Junior elders/Anake
- Intermediate elders/medium/nthele
- Full elders/Atumia ma kivalo
- Senior elders/Atumia ma ithembo
State the main factor that contributed to the growth of city states along the Kenya coast before 1500 AD. (1mk)
- Trade between the coast and the outside world
Define ‘ National intergration’. (1mk)
- The processing of bringing together people of diverse backgrounds in a country
State two results of the construction of the suez canal. (2mks)
- It shortened the route to India for Europeans countries.
- It linked Mediterranean and red sea.
- It helped the movement of bulky goods hence increased the volume of trade.
.Give two features of the Roman roads by 300 AD. (2mks)
- The were straight
- They were well drained
- They were durable
- They had bridges /tunnels
State the main contribution of the discovery of chroloform in the field of medicine. (1mk)
- It reduced pain during operation
Give two ways in which the constitution of Kenya guarantees the rule of law. (2mks)
- By ensuring independence of the judiciary
- By subjecting all Kenyans to the same law.
- Fair trial for all
.Identify two developmental rights of a child. (1mk)
- Right to educate
- Right to leisure
- Right to express themselves
- Access to information
- Right to social security
state two characteristics of human rights. (2mks)
- They are universal
- They are indivisible
- They are interdependent
- They are inherent
- They have limitations.
Give one reason why human rights are important. (1mk)
- Strengthen nationality since they limit conflict
- They empower citizens by giving them control in decision making organs of the state
- They give general public access to information necessary for protection of democracy and accountability
- They guide organs of state on the exercise of state power.
- They provide basis for granting special treatment to persons with special needs.
Identify the the head of a county in Kenya. (1mk)
- County Governor

SECTION B

1. State three characteristics of microlithics tools used by the late stone age period. (3mks)
  - They were very small
  - They were fitted with handles
  - They were sharp/refined
  - They were efficient
  - They used to perform multiple tasks
2. Explain six problems faced by early humans in hunting and gathering activities. (12mks)
  - Attack by animals discouraged them as they posted threats to their lives.
  - Scarcity of animals/fruits in some cases denied them regular foods.
  - Unfavorable weather conditions made it difficult to carry out activities.
  - Locating animals/fruits was difficult as it would involve large areas.
  - Stiff competition with wild animals
  - Poisonous fruits /roots could be gathered leading to loss of life .
  - It was tedious as animals would run faster that human beings.
  - It was time consuming.
1. State five disadvantages of road transport. (5mks)
  - The high number of accidents on roads leads to death.
  - It is limited to specific areas.
  - Increased number of vehicles on roads leads to traffic congestion.
  - Construction of all weather roads is expensive
  - Causes air pollution from exhaust fumes from vehicles.
  - Cannot carry bulky goods compared to railway
2. Explain five negative impacts of modern means of communication. (10mks)
  - Some means eg radio, TV have an addictive effect on users people which can cause health problems.
  - Violent is rampant among young people because of watching violent programmes.
  - Some advertisements on television eg alcohol and cigarettes have encouraged drug abuse.
  - Some have exposed young people to pornography leading to immorality eg mobile phones and computers.
  - Has led to noise pollution ie if the volume from TV and radio is not controlled.
  - The ease and speed of spread of ideas all over the worls had promoted international social crime eg fraud, terrosism.
1. Identify three ways in which water was used in industriesduring the 18th century. ( (3marks)
  - To turn water wheels/grinding stones in flour mills
  - To wash/clean the machines
  - To cool the machines
  - To turn spinning machines in textile industries
  - To produce steam power to drive machine
2. Explain six social effects of the industrial revolution in Europe during the 18th century (12mks)
  - Many people migrates to towns to look for jobs leading to overcrowding
  - Increased population in towns led to shortage of houses thereby resulting to the development of slums
  - To here was poor sanitation which made people to suffer from various diseases
  - The factories emitted pollutants into the air,water and land thus affecting people's health
  - The who did not secure employment in industrial towns engaged in crime and other social evils
  - It led to social stratification where the poor were discriminated by the rich
  - Women and children were exploited because they worked for long hours for little pay
  - Due to long working schedules some industrial workers neglected rheir homes leading to family breakups

SECTION C: 30 MARKS

1. Give three factors that led to the growth of the Buganda kingdom.(3mks)
  - Good strong and able rulers eg Mutebi, Mawanda, Suna.
  - Buganda started as a small united states thus easy to manage.
  - Strategic location. She lay next to lake Victoria which gave her good means of transport and acted as a natural defence against her neighbors.
  - She had a centralized administration.
  - She had strong firearms which she used to expand her kingdom.
  - She had a strong economy base on agriculture.
  - The decline of Bunyoro- Kitara kingdom created a vacuum for her rise.
  - She had a strong army and navy.
  - Cooperation with the British
2. Describe the political organization of the Asante kingdom.(12mks)
  - Asante hene was the head of state and government.
  - The empire consisted of three parts: Kumasi/Metropolitant Asante, Amatoo/Asante state and provincial Ahsante.
  - These parts pledged loyalty to the Asante hene by paying taxes.
  - Power in the Asante kingdom was shared and it had a federal system of government.
  - All states paid taxes to the Asante hene for administration and for the army.
  - She had a standing army which was composed of man from all over the Asante kingdom.
  - The Asante Hene was the head of the army.
  - There was a national festival known as Odwira festival where Omanhene assembled every year in kumasi.
1. Identify three ways in which Direct democracy is exercised in Kenya. (3mks)
  - By physical presence in important meetings.
  - Through referendum
  - Plebiscite
  - Recall
2. Explain six features of Kenya’s independence constitution. (12mks)
  - Provided establishment of a federal government/regionalism.
  - The executive power lay with the queen or crown who delegated it to the governor.
  - It spelt out the party with the majority forms the government and allowed for multi party.
  - Provided for establishment of national assembly; senate and house of representatives.
  - Spelt out the powers and responsibilities of the central government and regional government with regional assemblies and president.
  - Provided for the post of prime minister to head the government and the governor general to head the state.
  - Provided for an elaborate protection of minority rights.
  - Contained a detailed bill of rights fashioned on European convention of human rights.
  - Spelt out necessary conditions for acquisition of citizenship.