English Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Form 4 Opener Term 1 Exams 2022

ENGLISH
(COMPREHENSION, LITERARY APPRECIATION AND GRAMMAR)
PAPER 2

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

• Answer all the questions in this question paper

Questions

1. COMPREHENSION
   Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow.
   
   We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary which could by a single action replace a thousand men.
   
   Industrial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semi-skilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product; here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors are concerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities. There is a factory in the USA which makes 1,000 million electric light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the pre-automation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25, 000. A motor manufacturing company with 45,000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information.
   
   The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort; a task which otherwise might take years, if attempted at all, now takes days or hours.
   
   One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by machines which will take over the tasks of the workers. The question is not simply of filling empty time but also of utilizing the surplus human energy that will be released. We are already seeing straws in the wind: destructive outbursts on the part of youth whose work no longer demands muscular strength. While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs, are we sure that it will not put others which are equally tedious in their place? For an enormous amount of sheer monitoring will be required. A man in an automated plant may have to sit for hours on end watching dials and taking decisive action when some signal informs him that all is not well. What meaning will his occupation bear for the worker? How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labour? Moreover, what, indeed, will be the significance for him of his leisure? If industry of the future could be purged of its monotony and meaninglessness, man would then be better equipped to use his leisure time constructively.
   
   QUESTIONS
   1. What is the main purpose of automation, according to the passage? (1mk)
   2. Explain why less men are required for the first type of industrial automation than in a manual system? (2mks)
   3. What is more sophisticated about the second industrial automation system than the first? (2 mks)
   4. What is the main benefit of computing machines? (1 mk)
   5. Comment on the biggest drawbacks of automation in industrial societies. (2mks)
   6. How would the sense be changed if the phrase “a single action” (lines 2-3) were replaced by “a thousand actions”? (2mks)
   7. What does the phrase “if attempted at all” refer to? (1mk)
   8. What does the author consider as important as “filling empty time”? (1mk)
   9. State the three lines of industrial automation referred to by the author. Give your answer in note form. (3mks)
   10. In a paragraph of not more than 100 words, describe the benefits and problems of increasing industrial automation. (5mks)
       
       
2. EXCEPT
   Krogstad:    Are you sure of that?
   Mrs.Linde:  Quite sure, but-
   Krogstad:   (with a searching look at her) Is that what it all means?-that you want to save your friend at any cost? Tell me frankly.Is that it?
   MrsLinde:   Nils, a woman who has once sold herself for another’s sake doesn’t do it a second time.
   Krogstad:    I will ask for my letter back.
   Mrslinde:     No, no.
   Krogstad:    Yes, of course .I will wait here until Helmer comes; I will tell him he must give me my letter back-that it only concerns my dismissal-that he is not to read it-
   Mrs.Linde:   No Nils, you must not recall your letter.
   Krogstad:    But, tell me wasn’t it for that purpose that you asked me to meet you here?
   Mrs Linde:   In my first moment of fright it was .But twenty-four hours have elapsed since then, and in that time I have witnessed incredible things in this house. Helmer must know all about it. This unhappy secret must be disclosed; they must have a complete understanding between them which is impossible with all this concealment and falsehood going on.
   Krogstad:    Very well, if you take the responsibility. But there is one thing I can do in any case and I shall do it once.
   Mrs Linde: (listening) You must be quick and go! The dance is over; we are not safe a moment longer.
   Krogstad:    I will wait for you below.
   Mrs Linde:  Yes, do. You must see me back to my door-
   Krogstad:    I have never had such an amazing piece of good fortune in my life!
   
   Questions
   1. Explain what has happened before this excerpt. (2marks)
   2. Why does Krogstad say he would ask for his letter back? Explain (3marks)
   3. “Nils, a woman who has once sold herself for another’s sake doesn’t do it a second time.” Briefly explain what makes Mrs. Linde say this? (3marks)
   4. Identify one character trait of Mrs. Linde in this extract (2marks)
   5. What is so surprising in this extract? Explain. (2marks)
   6. “But there is one thing I can do in any case and I shall do it at once.”What is it that Krogstad does and how does it affect the rest of the play? (4marks)
   7. “I have never had such an amazing piece of good fortune in my life! ”Rewrite beginning Never… (1mark)
   8. What makes Krogstad say that he has never had such an amazing piece of good fortune in my life? (2 marks)
   9. Explain the meaning of the following words and phrases as used in the excerpt. (4marks)
      1. At any cost
      2. Recall
      3. Elapsed
      4. Incredible things
3. ORAL LITERATURE
   Read the following story and answer the questions that follow.
   
   One day elephant came across squirrel on the path to the river. The proud and lordly elephant swept squirrel of the path with his trunk, rumbling,” out of my way, you of no importance and tiny size.”
   
   Squirrel was most offended, as he had every right to be. Stamping his little feet in a rage, he decided that he was going to try and teach Elephant some manners.
   
   “Ho!” shouted Squirrel indignantly, “you may be very tall, and you may be very proud and I bet you think you’re the greatest animal on earth, but you are much mistaken!”
   
   Elephant looked around in surprise. “ I am not mistaken, Squirrel,” he rumbled, “ I am the greatest, and everyone know it.”
   
   “Let me tell you something, Elephant,” said Squirrel, chitterling angrily and flicking his tail, “1 may be small, but I can eat ten times as much as you! I challenge you to an eating contest and I bet you that I, Squirrel can eat more palm nuts, and for longer time, than you, high and mighty Elephant!”.
   
   Elephant roared with laughter. He was so amused, in fact that he accepted creature’s challenge. Besides, he was rather fond of palm nuts.
   
   So both animals collected a huge pile of palm nuts and agreed to start the contest the very next morning at the first light. Elephant could hardly wait. He even skipped his evening meal of acacia pods so as to be truly empty for the morning. He intended to put Squirrel firmly in his place, once and for all.
   
   The next dawned fine and sunny, as it often does in Africa, and the two contestant started to eat. Elephant munched steadily through his pile, with fine appetite. Squirrel nibbling away furiously, was soon full to bursting. Quietly, he slipped away, sending a cousin who was hiding nearby to take his place. Elephant was so absorbed in his greedy task that he didn’t even notice. Brothers, sisters, Cousins, uncles, aunts, -one hungry Squirrel after another took a turn at the pile of palm nuts.
   
   Eventually, at midday, Elephant looked up, “Well, Squirrel, have you had enough yet?” he asked, surprised to see his small adversary still busy eating. Not only was he still eating, but his pile of palm nuts was disappearing almost as fast as Elephant’s own.
   
   “Not yet”, rumbled Squirrel, his mouth full’” and you? ““Never” replied Elephant scornfully. And he started to eat a little faster. By the time the sun was setting, elephant was so full he could hardly stand. He looked over to where Squirrel (the original Squirrel, who had come back after a day of sleeping in a nearby tree) was still eating more palm nuts. Elephant groaned.
   
   “Truly you are amazing, Squirrel” he said.” I cannot go on, and I’m forced to admit that you have won the contest.” And he lifted his trunk in salute. Squirrel hopping with delight, thanked elephant and told him not to be so proud in future, and from that day to this, Elephant has always shown great respect for squirrel.
   
   Questions
   1. Classify this narrative. (2mks)
   2. Give four features that show that this is an oral narrative. (8mks)
   3. Describe one economic activity of the community from which this story is taken. (2mks)
   4. Identify and illustrate one character trait of: (4mks)
      1. Elephant
      2. Squirrel
   5. Identify two moral lessons one can learn from this story. (4mks)
4. GRAMMAR(15MKS)
   1. Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given (3mks)
      1. He will not be given a driving license. He passes the road test (Rewrite as one using unless’)
      2. The woman left the child with a neighbour and went to the market.(Begin: leaving….)
      3. The boys went to play in the field. (underline the adverbial)
   2. Supply the correct preposition to complete the sentences given. (3mks)
      1. Property worth millions of shillings went up …………………….flames.
      2. The three boys shared the bread…………………………….themselves.
      3. We should strive to live …………………………………our means.
   3. Use the correct form of the word in brackets to fill in the blank spaces in the sentences below. (3mks)
      1. The audience was offended by the……………………….……….(sense) of the speaker.
      2. The……………………………………….(acquire) of a university degree is a great milestone to a student
      3. Everyone should obey the law………………………………of their position in the society.
   4. Use the correct alternative to complete the sentences below (4mks)
      1. Teaching……………………………………(practice/practise) is not an easy job for teacher-trainees.
      2. The prophet’s ……………………………….(prophesy/prophecy) was misleading to his audience.
      3. He…………………………………….((insured/ensured)his car with Madison.
      4. Mutai ……………………………….(hanged/hung) the chart on the wall.
   5. Write the following sentences in indirect speech (1mk)
      “These are juicy mangoes ” Ken said.
   6. You do not require to cheat to pass (1mk)
      (Supply a suitable question tag).

Marking Scheme

1. COMPREHENSION
   
   1. The main purpose of automation is to devise a mechanism which can by a single action replace a thousand men. [1MRK]
   2. This is because in the conveyor belt system there is continuous production whereby the operations are linked into a single sequence without the worker touching them. The machine replaces both unskilled and semi-skilled. [2MRKS]
   3. The second industrial automation system has feedback control of the quality of the product, an inbuilt system which can compare the output with a norm (the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings). [2MRKS]
   4. The main benefit of computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation compared to unaided human effort. [1MRK]
   5. The biggest drawbacks of automation in industrial societies are: how to fill the time that will be made free by machines which will take over the tasks of the workers; another is how to utilize the surplus human energy that will be released; doing away with tedious jobs may unfortunately be replaced by others which are equally tedious (e.g. monitoring). [2MRKS]
   6. Undoubtedly, automation will do away with a large number of tedious jobs, but they will surely be replaced by others which are equally tedious. [2MRKS]
   7. The phrase refers to a task that may take a long time to achieve results without the assistance of the computer. [1MRK]
   8. The writer considers the utilizing of the surplus human energy that will be released as important as filling empty time. [1MRK]
   9. The three lines of industrial automation referred to by the author are: [3MRKS]
      • The conveyor belt system of continuous production
      • The automation with feedback control of the quality of the productComputer automation for banks, accounting
      • departments, etc.
   10.        
       • Benefits of industrial automation are: [5MRKS]
         • A system of continuous production where separate operations are linked into a single sequence (much can be done in a short time with little human labour)
           Automation with an inbuilt feedback system ensures that best quality products are produced.
           Records, storage, sorting and retrieval of information can be done by computers more efficiently.
           Tasks can be carried out in record time using the great speed of modern computing machines.
       • Problems of industrial automation are:
         • Human beings will be rendered redundant and therefore jobless
           People will have plenty of free time in their hands which can cause social problems
           The youth are the most affected by these developments, with potential unrest they may cause
           (The answer to this question is expected to be in continuous prose)
           
           
2. Excerpt
   1. Before the extract, Krogstad asks Christine if she still to have him back after what he has done. Christine tells him she understands that it was despair that made him do that. He regrets that he cannot undo what he has done. Mrs Linde tells him that the letter is still in the letterbox. (4marks)
   2. He does not want Nora’s husband to know the secret of forgery that she has kept from him for many years. He has reunited with Christine and is very happy. He does not want to ruin the Helmers’ marriage who are friends to Christine. (3marks)
   3. She once sacrificed her love for the sake of her bedridden mother and two young brothers. By saying that, it means she cannot be doing it the second time for another person because that experience was enough. (3marks)
   4. Selfless: “she sacrificed for another person, her mother and brothers. She says“ a woman who has once sold herself for another’s sake doesn’t do it a second time. (2 marks)
   5. It is surprising that Krogstad can change his mind about revenging against the Helmers. He was much determined to have his own way with the man his change and readiness to withdraw the letter catches the readers by surprise (2marks)
   6. Krogstad writes Nora another letter that sets free Nora and her husband. He also returns the bond had all the evidence of forgery. Mr. Helmer is very happy now that he is saved and tells Nora he has forgiven her. However, this comes when it is too late for he had already condemned her for her actions. Nora decides leave him and the children. (4 marks)
   7. Never had I such an amazing piece of good fortune in my life! (1mark)
   8. Christine had left him for a richer man who would help her support her sick mother and two young brothers. She has given him another chance for she wants to have somebody. (2marks)
   9.          
      1. at any cost- no matter what/despite the danger involved.
      2. recall- ask or call back
      3. Elapsed-pass
      4. Incredible things- unbelievable things
3.                
   1. Trickster narrative — The squirrel tricks Elephant to a contest and uses tricks to win it
      Fable — His animal lesson — Elephant and squirrel main character [2marks]
   2. Timelessness — one day
      Direct speech- “out of my way, you of no importance and tiny size”
      It has a moral lession — might and strength is not all that is needed to win a contest
      Ending formula — And from that day
      Opening formula — one day [8marks]
   3. Farming — grew palm nuts [2marks]
   4.        
      1. Elephant
         • proud /Arrogant — swept squirrel off the path
         • Unwise! / Gullible — was not keen to ensure that squirrel played according to the rules of content
         • Gluttonous — Are without control until he could not stand
      2. Squirrel
         • Defiant /confident — Dared the huge Elephant when offered title bridge
         • Witty caring — tricked the Elephant and won the contest
         • Daring — confronted Elephant inspire of his huge size [4mrks]
   5. The Elephant was defeated by a tiny squirrel used knowledge not physical strength to win the contest
4. GRAMMAR 15 MKS                 
   1.          
      1. Unless he passes the road test, he will not be given the driving license.
         Or He will not be given the driving license unless he passes the road test.
      2. Leaving the baby with a neighbor the woman went to the market.
      3.  The boy went to play in the field.
   2.            
      1. On
      2.  Among/amongst
      3.  Within
   3.         
      1. Insensitivity
      2. acquisition
      3. regardless
   4.          
      1. practice
      2. prophecy
      3. insured
      4. hanged
   5. Ken said that those were juicy mangoes.
   6. do you?