History Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Sunrise Pre Mock Exams 2023

Instructions to Candidates

• This paper consists of three sections A, B and C.
• Answer all questions in section A, three from Section B and two from Section C.
• Answers to all the questions must be written legibly
• Candidates should answer the questions in English

SECTION A:(25MARKS)

1. Identify the theory explaining that the world and all that is in was created by a special supreme being.  (1mk)
2. Name the group of old stone age man, who is associated with oldwan tools.(1mk)
3. Name two ancient writing in Mesopotamia and Egypt. (2mks)
4. Give two forms of traditional currency used in Africa. (2mks)
5. Give two forms of water transport used during ancient times.   (2mks)
6. State two uses of horn blowing in traditional African societies.  (2mks)
7. State two reasons why African slaves were preferred during the Trans- Atlantic slave trade. (2mk)
8. Identify two chartered companies used to administer East Africa during the process of colonization.  (2mks)
9. State two factors that facilitated scientific revolution in Europe from 14 th century.  (2mks)
10. Identify two tourist attraction sites in the ancient Kilwa  (2mks)
11. Give one way in which the Berlin conference solved the dispute among the European powers in Congo   (1mk)
12. Name the charted company that administered Zimbabwe during the process of  colonization (1mk)
13. Name the person who introduced the policy of association in central Africa (1mk)
14. State one challenge faced by South African nationalists  (1mk)
15. State one event that led to the end of World War 1 (1mk)
16. Name one financial institution established by the African union (1mk)
17. State one condition that a country should fulfil in order to become a member of the Non-Aligned Movement (1mk)

SECTION B (45 MARKS)

Answer any three questions from this section in the answer booklet provided.

18.  
    1. Identify three types of trade. (3 Mks)
    2. Describe the organization of the Trans Sahara trade (12 Mks)
19.  
    1. Give three ways through which trade contributed to the rise of the Asante kingdom in the 18 th century (3 Mks)
    2. Describe the social organization of the Asante (12 Mks)
20.  
    1. Identify five causes of food shortage in third world countries. (5 Mks)
    2. Explain the factors that led to Agrarian revolution in the USA. (10Mks)
21.  
    1. State three characteristics of industrial revolution in Europe. (3 Mks)
    2. Explain six factors hindering industrialization in third world countries.(12Mks)

SECTION C (30 MARKS)

Answer any two questions from this section in the answer booklet provided.

22.  
    1. Enumerate the terms of the Lochner - Lewanika treaty of 1890 (3 Mks)
    2. Explain the results of Lewanika’s collaboration with the British. (12Mks)
23.  
    1. State three characteristics of indirect rule (3 Mks)
    2. Discuss six reasons why indirect rule failed in Southern Nigeria (12Mks)
24.  
    1. What were the factors for the growth of nationalism in Ghana? (5 Mks)
    2. Explain the role of Kwame Nkrumah in the struggle of Ghana’s independence in 1957. (10 Mks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A

1. Identify the theory explaining that the world and all that is in was created by a special supreme being
   • Creation theory    (1 x 1 =1mk)
2. Name the group of old stone age man, who is associated with oldwan tools.
   • Austrolopithecus, Homo habilis  (1 x 1 = 1mk)
3. Name two ancient writing in Mesopotamia and Egypt.
   • Mesopotamia – Hieroglyphics,
   • Egypt – Cuneiform    (2 x 1 = 2mks)
4. Give two forms of traditional currency used in Africa.
   • Gold, clothes , cowries shells , iron , copper   (2 x 1 = 2mks)
5. Give two forms of water transport used during ancient times.
   • Rafts, canoes, Dhows, Oar  boats   (2 x 1 = 2mks)
6. State two uses of horn blowing in traditional African societies.
   • To announce take over of a new ruler
   • Summarizing people to important meetings
   • Calling warriors to war
   • Announcing commencement of various ceremonies    (Any two 2 x1 = 2mks)
7. State two reasons why African slaves were preferred during the Trans- Atlantic slave trade.
   • Were taught to be resistant to many diseases
   • Were readily available in large numbers
   • Were cheaper to use than Europeans or red Indians
   • Were taught to be adaptable to hot and humid tropical climate   (2 x 1 = 2mk)
8. Identify two chartered companies used to administer East Africa during the process of colonization.
   • Imperial British East Africa Company
   • German East Africa Company   (1 x1 = 1mk)
9. State two factors that facilitated scientific revolution in Europe from 14th century.
   • Renaissance time made people develop interest in research/ learning
   • Governments and individual financed scientific research
   • Need to solve problems like food shortages, diseases
   • Religion failed to answer all questions   (Any 2 x 1 = 2mks)
10. Identify two tourist attraction sites in the ancient Kilwa
    • The great mosque
    • The palace
    • Stone citadel (2x1=2mks)
11. Give one way in which the Berlin conference solved the dispute among the European powers in Congo
    • Rivers Congo and Niger were left free for any state to navigate
    • Leopold claim over the Congo free state was recognized  (1x1=1mk)
12. Name the charted company that administered Zimbabwe during the process of colonization
    • British South Africa Company (1x1=1mk)
13. Name the person who introduced the policy of association in central Africa
    • Savorgnan de Brazza (1x1=1mk)
14. State one challenge faced by South African nationalists
    • Harassment/arrest/ detention by the government
    • Killing of some nationalists such as Steve Biko
    • Banning of political parties
    • Intimidation of political leaders and trade unionists
    • Banning of mass media
    • Use of pass laws that limited their movements
    • Use of divide and rule to divide Africans (1x1=1mk)
15. State one event that led to the end of World War 1
    • Entry of USA into the war
    • Russian withdrawal from the war (1x1=1mk)
16. Name one financial institution established by African union
    • African Central Bank
    • African Monetary Fund
    • African investment Bank (1x1=1mk)
17. State one condition that a country should fulfil in order to become the member of the Non-Aligned Movement
    • A country should be independent
    • It should not be a member of any power blocs  (1x1=1mk)

SECTION B (45 MARKS)

18.  
    1. Types of trade.
       • Local trade
       • Regional trade
       • International trade 3 x 1 = 3 Marks
    2. The organization of the Trans Sahara trade
       • The trade involved the Arabs trades from North Africa, desert tribes such as the Berbers and Tuareqs and people of West Africa
       • Trades organized large caravans consisting of camels and traders
       • The desert tribes assisted the traders with water, security and acted as interpreters
       • Goods were organized in advance. Agents sold goods on behalf of the traders
       • The caravans left North Africa after the rainy season
       • Traders gave gifts to the leaders of communities along trade routes
       • Trade organized as barter trade 12 x 1 = 12 Marks
19.  
    1. Ways though which trade contributed to the rise of the Asante kingdom in the 18th century
       • Trade enabled the kingdom to acquire revenue
       • Trade enabled them to acquire weapons which were used to expand kingdom
       • Wealth from trade boosted the kings prestige
       • Need for items encouraged kings to acquire more territories
       • Wealth was used to reward loyal provincial rules 3 x 1= 3 Marks
    2. Describe the social organization of the Asante
       • The kingdom was composed of many communities who spoke the Akan \Twi language
       • Asante were organized in clans
       • Marriage between members of same clan was prohibited / exogamy
       • Inheritance of property was matrilineal
       • Community was bound together by the golden stool
       • Odwira annual cultural festival was held at Kumasi to honour the ancestors
       • Society was divided into social classes
       • Asante were polytheists / worshipped many gods and goddesses
       • Kings were regarded as semi-divine and were religious leaders 12 x 1 = 12 Marks
20.  
    1. Causes of food shortage in third word countries.
       • High population
       • Political instability
       • Poor storage facilities
       • Emphasis on growth of cash crops
       • Soil erosion / infertile soils
       • Overstocking
       • Poor economies
       • lack of capital
       • Lack of good food policy 5 x 1 = 5 Marks
    2. Factors that led to Agrarian revolution in the USA.
       • Environment. -Division into different agricultural zones
       • Cheap slave labour
       • Mechanization in the north
       • Government policy / support
       • Good transport network
       • Adequate capital
       • Technology  -  canning and refrigeration
       • Research stations
       • Immigrants with knowledge of agriculture
       • Availability of land 2 x 5 = 3 marks
21.  
    1. Characteristics of industrial revolution in Europe.
       • Use of steam power as source of energy
       • Rise of modern capitalism
       • Goods were produced on large scale due to introduction of machines
       • Rise of the factory system in towns instead of cottage industries
       • Use of machines to replace human and animals labour
       • Development of trade – union movement
       • Improved living standards 3 x 1 = 3 Marks
    2. Factors hindering industrialization in third world countries.
       • Inadequate funds
       • Poor means of transport and communication net works that hinder easy delivery of goods to markets
       • European colonization exploited African resources and human resources hence did not want to develop these
       • Inadequate skilled manpower due to low literacy levels
       • Inadequate technology to manufacture quality goods and to exploit the natural resources.
       • Protectionist policies by developing countries discourage private enterprises and foreign investments
       • Inadequate sources of energy
       • Shift competition from the developed countries
       • Political instability 2 x 6 = 12 Marks

SECTION C (30 MARKS)

22.  
    1. Terms of the lochner -  Lewanika treaty of 1890
       • BSAC would have exclusive mining rights in Bulozi
       • Lewanika would be paid 200 pounds a year and royalties of 4% of all mineral in the area
       • BSAC would build schools and promote trade
       • Bulozi would be protected from external attacks
       • Lewanika would be a constitutional king 
       • A British resident would be posted to the area to monitor BSAC activities advice Lewanika     Any 3 x 1 = 3 Marks
    2. Results of Lewanika’s collaboration with the British.
       • The Lozi people lost their independence
       • Lewanika was made a paramount chief
       • Lewanika was protected from his enemies such as the Germans, Boers, Ndebele and the Portuguese
       • The Lozi got were given western education and western medicine
       • The Lozi got imported goods from the British such as clothes, guns etc
       • The Lozi were subjected to economic exploitation such as forced labour and taxation          Any six 6 x 2 = 12 Marks
23.  
    1. Characteristics of indirect rule
       • African chiefs and headmen were appointed to rule the Africans
       • Colonies were divided into provinces, districts and divisions and villages.
       • The senior position in administration were occupied by the Europeans
       • European policies were implemented by the Africans 3 x 1 = 3 Marks
    2. Six reasons why indirect rule failed in Southern Nigeria
       • There was lack of unity in the South due to many ethnic groups with diverse cultures, religion and languages
       • The Yoruba  were given excessive powers and this caused resentment and discontent among the people
       • The warrant chiefs were unpopular because they had no traditional claim to office and were imposed on the people by the British
       • The educated elite were ignored by the government and relegated and relegated to minor positions. This provoked resentment among the people.
       • The people were opposed to direct taxation, forced labour and this had in 1918 culminated in the Igbo riots
       • Southern Nigeria did not have a centralized governments suitable for indirect rule.
       • Southern Nigeria lacked linguistic unity, making it difficult to administer 6 x 2 = 12 Marks
24.  
    1. Factors for the growth of nationalism in Ghana.
       • Young Western educated people. These had elementary education but could not secure jobs.
       • Smaller group of Africans with higher education who could articulate the grievances of their people.
       • Farmers were upset by the meagre profits they received from the sale of cocoa to European firms
       • Ordering of Africans to cut down their cocoa tree after an outbreak of the “Swollen shoot” disease
       • Ex-servicemen had gained exposure and confidence to deal with the Europeans
       • The government granted trading licenses selectively to European traders denying Africans.    Any 5 = 5 x 1 = 5 Marks
    2. The role of Kwame Nkrumah in the struggle of Ghana’s independence in 1957.
       • His role in Pan – Africanism congress made him the best choice among elites to carry on party affairs
       • His arrest and subsequent deportation to the North of Ghana popularized him among the Ghanaians.
       • He founded the Conventional Peoples Party which advocated for radicalism in agitating for independence.
       • CPP protested colonialism and the authority  wielded by the Ashanti chiefdoms whose royal families wielded immense power
       • He was innovative in politics (had Red, white and green flag for his party, party slogans and songs) which made the party vibrant among the youth.
       • His eloquence in speech making against colonialism.
       • He started the newspaper. “Accra evening news” to advance the cause for the people of Gold coast.  Any 5 x 2 = 10 Marks