Instructions
- You are supposed to spend the first 15 minutes of the 2 ½ hours allowed for this paper reading the whole paper carefully before your start.
- Marks will be given for clear record of observations actually made, for their suitability and accuracy, and the use made of them.
- Candidates are advised to record their observations as soon as they are made.
- Electronic calculators and mathematical tables may be used.
QUESTION ONE
You are provided with;
- Triangular prism
- Four optical pins
- Four thumb pins
- Soft board
- Plain paper
PART A
Procedure as follows;
- Place the triangular glass prism on a plain paper and draw its outline ABC. Remove the prism.
- Measure the size of angle ABC using a protractor
B…………………………………………. (1mk) - Draw a normal to the line AB at N. (Midway of AB)
- Draw a line at an angle i= 55°and fix two optical pins P1 and P2 on the line
- Replace the prism and fix two other pins P3 and P4 such that the pins appear to be in a straight line with the images of P1 and P2 when viewed from side BC.
- Remove the prism and join points P3 and P4 producing the line to meet the incident line produced at m.
- Draw another normal along BC at K as shown;
- Measure and record the angle of emergence, e and that of deviation d.
- Repeat the experiment with i= 50° and 45°
(6mks)
Angle i (°) Angle d (°) Angle e (°) 55 50 45
From your table, - State the minimum angle of deviation D
D = ………………………………… (1mk) - Given that; (2mk)
r = sin(B/2+D/2)
sin B/2
find r.
PART B
You are provided with the following apparatus
- 20 paper clips
- Cork with an optical pin
- A complete retort stand
- A stop watch
- Electronic balance (may be shared)
Proceed as follows;
- Using the beam balance, determine the mass of a paper clip, m
M=………………………………………..g (1mk)
Mass of 15 clips: mt
Mt =………………………………………g (1mk) - Make a chain to consist of 10 paper clips ensuring the links are free to move.
- Set up the pendulum of the chain of paper clips as shown below;
- Displace the bottom link of the chain through small amplitude and release so that the chain swing smoothly in a vertical plane.
- Time 20 oscillations and fill the table below.
- Using the number of clips shown in the table, repeat the experiment and complete the table. (5mks)
Number of clips Time for 20 oscillation (s) Period T (s) T2(S2) 10 15 20 - Determine the average value of T2. (1mk)
- Determine constant Ƶ given that: (2mk)
150Ƶ = mts where s is the average of T2
QUESTION TWO
You are provided with the following
- 2 new dry cells in a cell holder
- At least 6 connecting wires
- Ammeter
- Voltmeter
- Rheostat
- Switch
Proceed as follows;
- Set the apparatus as shown below.
- Set the variable resistor R to its maximum value and record the voltmeter reading V.
V=………………………………………. (1mk) - Adjust the voltage to values shown in the table, each at a time and record the corresponding ammeter reading for current. Complete the table. (6mks)
Voltage (V) 2.5 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.0 Current (A) - On the grid below, draw a graph of Voltage, V (V) against current, I (A) (5mks)
- Determine the slope s, of your graph (3mks)
- Given that E = (V + Ir); find the value of constant E and r. (3mks)
- Draw a setup that maybe used to determine the E.M.F of the dry cells used (1mk)
- Set up the apparatus as drawn and hence measure the E.M.F, E2 of the dry cells (1mk)
CONFIDENTIAL
- Triangular prism
- Four optical pins
- Four thumb pins
- Soft board
- Plain paper
- 20 paper clips
- Cork with an optical pin
- A complete retort stand
- A stop watch
- Electronic balance (may be shared)
- 2 new dry cells in a cell holder
- At least 6 connecting wires
- Ammeter
- Voltmeter
- Rheostat
- Switch
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