History Form 1 Questions and Answers - Term 3 Opener Exams 2021

Share via Whatsapp

« Previous Topic
Geopgraphy Form 1 Questions and Answers - Term 3 Opener Exams 2021

Next Topic »
CRE Form 1 Questions and Answers - Term 3 Opener Exams 2021

Download PDF for future reference Get on Whatsapp for 50/-

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided.

SECTION A

Define the term “History” (1 mk)
Identify the two basic periods in history (2 mks)
Identify three disadvantages of Anthropology as a source of history (3 mks)
State two archeological sites in Tanzania (2 mks)
Give three reasons why Africa is considered the cradle of man (3 mks)
Write two features of Homo Sapiens Sapiens (2 mks)
Identify the type of tools used by early man in the Neolithic period (1 mk)
Name two methods of irrigation used during early Agriculture in Egypt (2 mks)
State three characteristics of Agriculture in Europe before the Agrarian Revolution
(3 mks)
Identify three ways through which the Homestead Act of 1862 contributed to the Agrarian revolution in the U.S.A (3 mks)
State five social effects of food shortages in Africa and the Rest of the Third World(5 mks)
Identify two environmental factors that caused the migration and settlement of most communities in pre-colonial Kenya (2 mks)
Name the original homeland of the Luo in Southern Sudan (1 mk)
Identify three communities in Kenya who belong to the Western Bantu (3 mks)
Identify three age grades for elders among the Akamba (3 mks)
State two functions of the Laibon among Maasai during the Pre-colonial period in Kenya
Identify four duties of the “Ruoth” among the Luo (4 mks)
State five sources of information about contacts between East Africa Coast and the outside world (5 mks)
Identify three factors that facilitated the coming of the early visitors (3 mks)
State four reasons why Seyyid Said transferred his capital to Zanzibar in 1846 (4 mks)
State four factors that facilitated the spread of Christianity in Kenya (4 mks)
Name three early mission stations in Kenya (2 mks)

SECTION B

1. State three factors that led to the increased demand for slaves along the East African Coast (3 mks)
2. six negative results of the Portuguese rule at the East Coast of Africa (6 mks)
3. Describe the social organization of the Maasai Community during the pre-colonial period (6 mks)
1. Identify five social responsibilities of a Kenyan Citizen (5 mks)
2. Describe five circumstances in which one’s right to life may be taken away (5 mks)
1. State three reasons why National Integration is important (3 mks)
2. Explain six methods of resolving conflicts (12 mks)

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A

Meaning of history
- Study of mans’ past chronological account and record of events in relation to the environment (1x1=2 mks)
Basic periods in history
- Pre-history
- History (2x1= 2 mks)
Disadvantages of Anthropology
- Expensive
- Time consuming
- People may behave differently in the presence of a researcher (3x1 = 3 mks)
Archeological sites in Tanzania
- Olduvai Gorge
- Peninj
- Laetoli (2x1=2 mks)
Reasons why Africa is considered the cradle of mankind
- Numerous archaeological sites
- Savanna grasslands provided space for hunting
- Tropical climate suitable for human existence
- Many all-season rivers that provided fresh water
- Geographically Africa was at the centre of Pangea (3x1=3 mks)
Features of Homo Sapiens Sapiens
- High intellectual capacity – brain over 2,000 cc
- Well refined speech
- Small jaws and teeth
- 6 feet tall
- Well developed thumb (2x1=2 mks)
Type of tools used by early man in Neolithic period
- Microliths (1x1=1 mk)
Methods of irrigation used in Egypt
- Flood/basin
- Canal
- Shadoof (2x1= 2 mks)
Characteristics of Agriculture in Europe before the Agrarian revolution
- Land belonged to the King
- Land was rented to Peasant farmers
- Open field system
- Land divided into strips
- Paths and cart tracks in the farms
- Subsistence farming
- Broadcasting method of farming
- Land was not fenced (3x1=3 mks)
Contributions of the Homestead Act of 1862 to the Agrarian revolution in U.S.A
- Legalised individual land ownership
- Financial assistance and loans
- Granted subsidies/introduced tariffs on imported goods (3x1=3 mks)
Social effects of food shortage in Africa
- High mortality rates
- Decrease in population growth
- Poverty levels increase
- Spread of diseases
- Refugees problem (5x1 = 5 mks)
Environmental factors that caused migration of most communities in Kenya
- Drought and famine
- Floods
- Diseases and epidemics (2x1= 2mks
Original homeland of the Luo
- Bahr-el-Ghazel (1x1=1 mk)
Communities in Kenya who belong to the Western Bantu
- Abaluhyia
- Abagusii
- Abakuria
- Abasuba (3x1=3 mks)
Age grades for elders among the Akamba
- Junior elders
- Intermediate elders
- Full elders/Atumia makivalo
- Senior elders/Atumia maithembo (3x1=3 mks)
Functions of the Laibon among Maasai
- Preside over religious elders
- Bless worriors
- Advice council of elders
- Rainmaker
- Foretell the future (2x1=2 mks)
Duties of the “Ruoth” (Chief)
- Dealt with murder cases
- Dealt with cattle theft
- Dealt with boundary disputes
- Dealt with warfare
- Dealt with calamities (4x1=4 mks)
Sources of information on East African Coast
- Greco-Roman documentary records
- Periplus of the Erythraen sea
- Ptolemy’s Geography
- Works of Arab Merchants
- Christian Topography of Cosmos Indico Pleatustes
- Archaeological evidence e.g coins (5x1 = 5 mks)
Factors that facilitated the coming of the early visitors
- Monsoon winds
- Marine technology
- Good deep natural harbours
- Enterprising merchants
- Suitable climate/fertile soils
- Hospitality of coastal people (3x1 = 3 mks)
Reasons for Seyyid Said transferring his capital
- Loyal to him
- Good climate
- Good harbours
- Convenient for trade
- Fertile soils to grow cloves (4x1= 4 mks)
Factors that facilitated spread of Christianity
- Support of Seyyid Said
- Some communities were friendly
- Studied languages of local people
- Use of Kiswahili language
- Used African converts
- Other activities e.g education, health influenced Africans
- Kenya – Uganda railway
- Discovery of Quinine (4x1= 4 mks)
Early mission stations in Kenya
- Rabai
- Ribe
- Jomvu
- Lamu
- Sagala (Taita)
- Taveta (3x1=3 mks)

SECTION B

1. Factors that led to increased demand for slaves
  - High demand for labour in plantations
  - Slaves were on demand to be domestic workers e.g in Arabia
  - High demand for slave porters
  - Some European countries needed labourers in their plantations e.g France(3x1=3 mks)
2. Negative results of Portuguese rule
  - Decline of trade
  - Taxation – collected brutally
  - Decline of coastal towns e.g Gedi
  - Slavery and slave trade increased
  - Segregation – they lived separately. Not friendly
  - Suffering – corrupt, ruthless officials misruled the cities (6x1 = 6 mks)
3. Social organization of the Maasai Community
  - Believed in a supreme God (Enakai)
  - Had lesser gods who lived in sacred places e.g rivers, mountains
  - Offered offerings and sacrifices during special month called Lesorio
  - Initiation of boys at adolescence
  - Initiated boys joined an age set
  - Each age set had a spokesman called(Olaiguenani)
  - Initiates lived together in their own manyatta as junior worriors
  - They were later promoted to become elders in a ceremony called Eunoto
  - They picked brides and got married
  - They age grade that lasted for 15 years (6x1= 6 mks)
1. Social responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen
  - Promote gender sensitivity
  - Promote good morals
  - Promote good health practices
  - Help in emergencies
  - Take care of the vulnerable in the society (5x1 = 5 mks)
2. Circumstances in which right to life may be taken away
  - Death sentence
  - Self-defense or defending one’s property
  - When life of a law enforcement officer is endangered
  - When health/life of a mother/pregnant woman is in danger
  - During war
  - Preventing escape of a lawfully detained person
  - When preventing a person from committing a crime (5x1 = 5 mks)
1. Reasons why National Integration is important
  - Enhances peace and prosperity
  - Promotes national unity
  - Promotes economic and social development
  - Reduces community conflicts and suspicion
  - Enhance nationalism and patriotism
  - Creates conditions favourable for foreign investments (3x1=3 mks)
2. Methods of resolving conflicts
  - Arbitration – neutral person appointed to solve conflicts
  - Diplomacy – negotiations done to resolve conflicts
  - Legislation – Passing laws by parliament to control conflicts
  - Use of elders – they listen and come up with a solution
  - Religious action – religious leaders are used to resolve issues
  - Court action – legal action followed to solve conflicts
  - Community policing (6x2=12 mks)