Geography Questions and Answers - Form 2 End Term 2 Exams 2023

SECTION A: (40 MARKS)

1.  
   1. what is a Stevenson screen ( 2mks)
   2. Name three instruments that are placed in Stevenson screen (3mks)
2. State three effects of the rotation of the earth (3mks)
3. State four proofs that the earth is spherical (4mks)
4. Name the layers of the atmosphere (4mks)
5.  
   1. Name two scales used to measure the intensity of an earthquake (2mks)
   2. List five causes of earthquake (5mks)
6.  
   1. Outline any four uses of maps (4mks)
   2. Give any three marginal information found in topographical map (3mks)
7.  
   1. Give three forces that are responsible for lateral earth movement (3mks)
   2. Name two types of tectonic plate boundaries (2mks)
8.  
   1. What is folding (2mks)
   2. Use the diagram below to answer the questions that follow
      
      Name the part labeled
      • B-
      • C-
      • D-

SECTION B :60 marks : Answer all questions in this section

9.  
   1. Give 2 factors that are considered when classifying clouds  (2mks)
   2. Give four reasons why weather forecasting is important  (4mks)
   3. Suppose you visited a weather station a field study on weather
      1. Give four methods you would use to record data (4mks)
      2. State five advantages of studying weather through field work (5mk)
   4. State five factors that influences climate (5mks)
10.  
    1.  
       1. What is a mineral (2mks)
       2. Give four characteristics of minerals (4mks)
    2.  
       1. What is metamorphic rocks (2mks)
       2. State 4 characteristics of igneous rock (4mks)
    3. Outline the significance of rocks to the economy of Kenya (8mks)
11.  
    1. Name four active volcanoes in Kenya (4mks)
    2. Describe the formative of a composite volcano (4mks)
    3. Explain six ways in which volcanic features influence human activities (12mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1.  
   1. what is a Stevenson screen
      • Is a white wooden box in which metrological instruments are kept in a weather station    (1x2= 2 marks)
   2. Name three instruments that are placed in Stevenson screen
      • Maximum thermometer
      • Minimum thermometer
      • Six’s thermometer
      • Hydrometer    (Any 3 x1=3 marks )
2. State three effects of the rotation of the earth
   • Causes day & night
   • causes differences of one hour between
   • It causes deflection of winds ocean tides  ( 3 x 1= 3 marks )
3. State four proofs that the earth is spherical
   • Circumnavigation of the earth along a straight path leads one of starting point
   • The gradual appearance of the ship approaching the shock
   • The difference times during which sun rises and sets in different parts of the world
   • The circular shadow cast by the earth during a lunar eclipse
   • All other planets are circular ( Any 4 x1=4 marks )
4. Name the layers of the atmosphere
   • Troposphere
   • Stratosphere
   • Mesosphere
   • Thermosphere/ Ioriosphere
   • Exosphere                ( Any 4 x1=4 marks )
5.  
   1. Name two scales used to measure the intensity of an earthquake
      • The Rossi-sorrel scale
      • The mercelli scale     ( 2 x 1 =2marks )
   2. List five causes of earthquake
      • Gravitational pressure
      • Collision of tectonic plates
      • Energy release in the mantle
      • Isotonic adjustment
      • Violent volcanic emption
      • Nuclear explosions
      • Adjustment along fault lines
      • building reservoirs
      • Magma movement within the crust          ( Any 5x1=5marks )
6.  
   1. Outline any four uses of maps
      • To locate places/landforms on the earth’s surface
      • To determine the size of a particular location
      • To provide different information about places eg. Climate vegetation
      • used by travelers to find direction to a particular place
      • used to summarize information quickly for future reference     ( Any 4x1=4marks )
   2. Give any three marginal information found in topographical map
      • map series
      • sheet index number
      • Sheet name/ title
      • The scale
      •  Edition
      • Copyright & publisher
      • The key
      • Grid system numbers
      • Latitudes & longitudes
      • Compass direction
      • Index to adjusting sheets
      • Administrations boundaries           ( Any 3 x 1=3 marks )
7.  
   1. Give three forces that are responsible for lateral earth movement
      
      • Tension force
      • Compression
      • tear/ shear force                              ( 3x1=3 Marks )
   2. Name two types of tectonic plate boundaries
      • Divergence/ extension/ constructive
      • converging/ compression/ destructive
      • Transform/ conservative ( 2x1= 2marks)
8. 1. What is folding
      • Process in which crustal rocks are distorted by compressional forces causing them to bend upwards and downwards ( 2Marks)
   2. Use the diagram below to answer the questions that follow
      
      Name the part labeled
      • B- Limb
      • C-Anticline
      • D- Syncline                ( 3 x 1=3 marks )

SECTION B : 60 marks

9.  
   1. Give 2 factors that are considered when classifying clouds
      • Height
      • Shape/form
      • Appearance               ( Any 2 x 1= 2Marks )
   2. Give four reasons why weather forecasting is important
      • Help the farmer to plan their farming activities
      • It influence design of houses guides in the timing of sporting tourism activities
      • It guides in landing & taking it of aircrafts
      • it guides fishing activities
      • It guide sporting activities           (Any4 x 1 = 4mks)
   3. Suppose you visited a weather station a field study on weather
      1. Give four methods you would use to record data
         • Filming/ video tapping/ taking photographs
         • Observation
         • interviewing
         • Reading from secondary sources
         • Administering questionnaires
         • Taking measurements
         • Reading instruments            (Any 4 x 1 = 4 Mks)
      2. State five advantages of studying weather through field work
         • It enables students to collect first hand information
         • It enables learner to learn how to use weather instruments
         • It enables students to apply the knowledge learned in the classroom
         • It make learning real
         • It provides detailed/broad learning
         • It enhances visual memory learning          ( Any 5 x 1= 5marks )
   4. State five factors that influences climate
      • Altitude
      • Configuration of coastline in relation to prevailing wind
      • Aspect
      • Latitude
      • Distance from the ocean
      • Ocean currents
      • Wind & air massing
      • Human activities                    ( Any 5 x1=5 Marks )
10.  
    1.  
       1. what is a mineral
          • It is an inorganic substance with definite chemical composition at or on beneath the earth surface (2 Marks)
       2. Give four characteristics of minerals
          • Have different degree of hardness
          • Can be opaque, transparent translucent
          • Minerals have tenacity ability to with stand tearing
          • Minerals have different texture
    2.  
       1. What is metamorphic rocks
          • Rock formed when original igneous/ sedimentary rock is subjected intense heat or pressure (2mks)
       2. State four characteristics of igneous rock
          • Rock form no crystals
          • Fined grained
          • Form on the earth’s surface
          • They form from cooling & solidification of lava        ( 4 x 1=4 Marks)
    3. Outline the significance of rocks to the economy of Kenya
       • Some rocks unique features that attract tourist
       • Some sedimentary rocks contain fossils fuel which is a source of energy
       • Some rock act a storage for water which can be supplied for domestic & industrial use
       • Rocks are exploited to earn income eg in quarries
       • Some rocks contain minerals which exploited for income                  (Any 4 x 2=8 Marks)
11.  
    1. Name four active volcanoes in Kenya
       • Logonot
       • Teleki
       • Likaiyu
       • Suswa
       • Menengai
       • Homahills               ( Any 4x1=4mks )
    2. Describe the formative of a composite volcano
       • It is made up of alternative layers of pyroclasts and lava
       • It is formed when successive vent eruptions occur. The volcano begins with each eruption with great violence forming layers of ash
       • Lava pass through the main pipe and exits through the crater
       • a parasitic cone may develop on the side of the volcano composite
       • Volcano has steep slopes                   ( Any 4x1= 4 Marks)
    3. Explain Six ways in which volcanic feature influence human activities
       • Volcanic highlands/ mountain are sources of rivers which provide water for domestic & agriculture/ industrial use
       • Volcanic rocks weather to form fertile volcanic soils which support agriculture
       • Volcanic rocks are important building materials in the construction industry
       • Volcanic features are tourist attractions which promote tourist industry
       • Volcanic features such as steam jets and geysers are harnessed to provide geothermal power
       • Volcanic mountains/ highlands have forests which provide valuable timber used in building & construction industries
       • Volcanic highlands/ mountains modify temperature making them attractive to human settlements        ( Any 6 x 2= 12mks )