Natural Numbers - Mathematics Form 1 Notes

Share via Whatsapp


Introduction

Place Value

  • A digit can have a different value in a number because of its position in a number. The position of a digit in a number is called its place value.

Total Value

  • This is the product of the digit and its place value.

Example

Number Hundred
Millions
Ten
Millions
Millions Hundred
Thousands
Ten
Thousands
Thousands Hundred Tens ones
345,678,901 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1

 

769,301 ,854  4
902,350,409 9

- A place value chart can be used to identify both place value and total value of a digit in a number. The place value chart is also used in writing numbers in words.

Example

  • Three hundred and forty five million, six hundred and seventy eight thousand, nine hundred and one.
  • Seven hundred and sixty nine million, Three hundred and one thousand, eight hundred and fifty four.

Billions

  • A billion is one thousands million, written as 1, 000, 000,000.There are ten places in a billion.

    Example
    What is the place value and total value of the digits below?
    1. 47,397,263,402 (place value 7 and 8).
    2. 389,41 0 ,000,245 ( place 3 and 9)

    Solution
    1. The place value for 6 is ten thousands. Its total value is 60,000.
    2. The place value of 3 is hundred billions. Its total value is 300,000,000,000.


Rounding Off

  • When rounding off to the nearest ten, the ones digit determines the ten i.e. if the ones digit is 1 , 2, 3, or 4 the nearest ten is the ten number being considered.
  • If the ones digit is 5 or more the nearest ten is the next ten or rounded up.
  • Thus 641 to the nearest ten is 640, 31 89 to the nearest is 31 90.
  • When rounding off to the nearest 1 00, then the last two digits or numbers end with 1 to 49 round off downwards.
  • Number ending with 50 to 99 are rounded up.
  • Thus 641 to the nearest hundred is 600, 31 89 is 3200.

    Example
    Rounding off each of the following numbers to the nearest number indicated in the bracket:
    1. 473,678 ( 1 00)
    2. 524,239 (1 000)
    3. 2,499 (1 0)

    Solution
    1. 473,678 is 473,700 to the nearest 100.
    2. 524,239 is 524,000 to the nearest 1000
    3. 2,499 is 2500 to the nearest 10.


Operations on Whole Numbers

Addition

Example

Find out:

  1. 98 + 6734 + 348
  2. 6349 + 259 +7954

 

 

 

  

Solution

  1. Arrange the numbers in vertical forms
        98
    6734
    +348
    71 80
  2.     6349
          259
    +79542
      86150

Subtraction

Example

Find: 73469 – 8971

Solution

73469
-8971
64498

Multiplication

  • The product is the result of two or more numbers.

Example

Work out: 469 x 63

Solution

     469
     ×63
    1407
→ 469 x 3 = 1407
+28140→469 x 60 = 28140
  29547

Division

  • When a number is divided by the result is called the quotient. The number being divided is the divided and the number dividing is the divisor.

Example

Find: 6493 ÷ 14

Solution

We get 463 and 1 1 is the remainder

Note:
6493 = (463 x 14) + 1 1

In general, dividend = quotient x division + remainder.

Operation Words
Addition sum
plus
added
more than
increased by
Subtraction difference
minus
subtracted from
less than
decreased by
reduced by
deducted from
Multiplication product of
multiply
times
twice
thrice
Division quotient of
divided by
Equal equal to
result is
is

Word Problem

  • In working the word problems, the information given must be read and understood well before attempting the question.
  • The problem should be broken down into steps and identify each other operations required.

Example

Otego had 3469 bags of maize, each weighing 90 kg. He sold 2654 of them.

  1. How many kilogram of maize was he left with?
  2. If he added 468 more bags of maize, how many bags did he end up with?

Solution

  1. One bag weighs 90 kg.
    3469 bags weigh 3469 x 90 = 31 2,21 0 kg
    2654 bags weigh 2654 x 90 = 238,860 kg
    Amount of maize left = 31 2,21 0 – 238,860
    = 73,350 kg.
  2. Number of bags = 81 5 + 468
    =1 283


Even Number

  • A number which can be divided by 2 without a remainder E.g. 0,2,4,6 0 or 8 
    3600, 7800, 806, 78346


Odd Number

  • Any number that when divided by 2 gives a remainder. E.g. 471 ,1 23, 1 1 97,71 29.The numbers ends with the following digits 1 , 3, 5,7 or 9.


Prime Number

  • A prime number is a number that has only two factors one and the number itself.
  • For example, 2, 3, 5, 7, 1 1 , 1 3, 1 7 and 1 9.
    Note:
    1. is not a prime number.
    2. is the only even number which is a prime number.


Past KCSE Questions on the Topic

  1. Write 27707807 in words
  2. All prime numbers less than ten are arranged in descending order to form a number
    1. Write down the number formed
    2. What is the total value of the second digit?
    3. Write the number formed in words
Join our whatsapp group for latest updates

Download Natural Numbers - Mathematics Form 1 Notes.


Tap Here to Download for 50/-




Why download?

  • ✔ To read offline at any time.
  • ✔ To Print at your convenience
  • ✔ Share Easily with Friends / Students


Read 24293 times Last modified on Monday, 17 January 2022 11:47
Get on WhatsApp Download as PDF
.
Subscribe now

access all the content at an affordable rate
or
Buy any individual paper or notes as a pdf via MPESA
and get it sent to you via WhatsApp

 

What does our community say about us?

Join our community on:

  • easyelimu app
  • Telegram
  • facebook page
  • twitter page
  • Pinterest