INSTRUCTIONS :
- This paper consists of three sections A, B and C.
- Answer all questions in section A, three questions from section B , and two questions from section C
SECTION A (25 MARKS)
Answer all the questions in this section.
- Give the main method used by anthropologist to gather their historical data. (1mark)
- Identify the method used in making sangoan tools. (1mark)
- Identify two ancestors of man associated with the making of Oldowan Tools (2marks)
- List two inventions which Jethro Tull a British farmer invented. (2marks)
- State two regions where salt was mined during Trans-Saharan Trade. (2marks)
- Identify two vessels used in space exploration. (2marks)
- State one ways in which knowledge of iron working led to the rise of kingdoms in pre-colonial period (2marks)
- State the main reason for the decline of meroe as an early urban centre (1mk)
- State the main factor that led to the Johannesberg. (1mk)
- Identify two social classes that made up the Baganda society in the pre-colonial period. (2marks)
- State one way through which the European nations maintained peace among themselves during the partition of African continent.(1mark)
- Identify two external reasons for Lewanika’s collaboration with the British (2marks)
- Identify the chartered company that British used to administer parts of west Africa (1mark)
- Give two reasons why the location of Samori Toures second empire contributed to his defeat by the French (2marks)
- State two duties of native affairs Department in Zimbabwe during the colonial period. (2marks)
- Name the underground movement that spearheaded the armed resistance in South Africa during the apartheid system (1mark)
- Identify two weapons used during cold war. (2marks)
SECTION B (45 MARKS)
Answer any three questions from this section -
- Identify three reasons why African slaves were more preferred than other races during the Trans- Atlantic trade (3marks)
- Explain six factors which contributed to the decline of the Trans-Saharan Trade. (12marks)
-
- Name three advantages of the use of radio over newspaper in modern society. (3marks)
- Explain six contributions of TV to economic development. (12marks)
-
- Outline five factors that led to rise of Shona community before the 19th century (5marks)
- Describe the political organization of Asante Empire in the pre-colonial period (10 marks)
-
- Other than Nigeria name other three British colonies in West Africa. (3marks)
- Explain six reasons why the British used Direct rule in Zimbabwe. (12marks)
SECTION C (30 MARKS)
Answer any two questions from this section
-
- Name three political parties that struggled for independence in Ghana. (3marks)
- Explain six factors that contributed to nationalism in Ghana. (12marks)
-
- Give five reasons for the failure of the peace settlement after the First World War (5marks)
- Explain five causes of the Second World War. (10marks)
-
- Name three founders of Non-Aligned Movement (3marks)
- Explain six factors that undermined the activities of Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) (12marks)
MAKING SCHEME
- Give the main method used by anthropologist to gather their historical data.
Observation (1x1=1mk) - Identify the method used in making sangoan tools. (1x1=1mk)
Levallois technique - Identify two ancestors of man associated with the making of old wan tools
- Australopithecus.
- Homohabilis (2x1= 2mks)
- List two inventions which Jethro Tull a British farmer invented.
- Seed drill (1707)
- Horse-drawn hoe (1707) (2x1=2mks)
- State two regions where salt was mined during trans-Saharan trade.
- Taghaza
- L.chad
- Medan
- Bilma. (any2x1=2mks)
- Identify two vessels used in space exploration.
- Rocket
- Satellites
- Space shuttles. (2x1=2mks)
- State one ways in which knowledge of iron working led to the rise of kingdoms in pre-colonial period.
- Iron arms used in war led to the rise of kingdoms
- It was used as Trade commodities to generate income as a source of wealth. (1x1=1mk)
- State the main reason for the decline of Meroe as an early urban centre.
Deforestation leading to desertification ( 1x1 = 1mk) - State the main factor that led to the growth of Johannesburg. (1mk)
Witwatersrand - Identify two social classes that made up the Baganda society in the pre-colonial period.
- Royal family of kabaka
- Chiefs
- Peasants/commoners
- Slaves (2x1=2mks)
- State one way through which the European nations maintained peace among themselves during the Partition of African Continent.
- By signing treaties among themselves.
- By organizing the Berlin conference to lay down the guiding principles of partition (1x1=1mk)
- Identify two external reasons for Lewanika’s collaboration with British
- Raiding or attack by the Ndebele
- Influence by Khama paramount chief of Ngwato who had sought British protection in 1885.
- Feared the Portuguese from East, Germans from west and Boers from south hence needed protection.
- Encouraged by missionaries to seek British protection i.e. François coillard. (2x1=2mks)
- Identify the chartered company that British used to administer parts of west Africa
The Royal Niger Company under Fredrick lugard. (1x1=1mk) - Give two reasons why the location of Samori Toures second empire contributed to his defeat by the French
- Was cut off from Bure gold fields which denied him important sources of revenues for sustaining the army.
- His second empire was checked by the British occupation of Asante in 1896.
- He was exposed to war with communities he had earlier attacked.
- He was cut-off from free-town where he had secured arms. (any2 x1=2mks
- State two duties of native affairs Department in Zimbabwe during the colonial period.
- Allocation of land to Africans
- Collection of taxes
- Recruiting African Labour. (2x1=2mks)
- Solving the cases involving Africans
- Name the underground movement that spearheaded the armed resistance in South Africa during the apartheid regime.
Umkhoto We Sizwe (spear of the nation) (1x1=1mk) - Identify two weapons used during cold war. (any 2x1=2mks)
- Propaganda
- Economic sanctions
- Financial aid to enemies of the opposing side
- Military aid to enemies of opposing side.
SECTION B (45 MARKS)
Answer any three questions
-
- Identify three reasons why African slaves were more preferred than other races during the trans-Atlantic trade
- The supply of African slaves was high
- Regarded as immune to tropical diseases.
- Their complexion prevented them from escaping easily
- They were stronger than Europeans and the Red Indians.
- Both men and women could work
- They were cheap to acquire. (any3x1=3mks)
- Explain six factors which contributed to the decline of the Trans-Saharan Trade.
- The mine fields got exhausted and this discouraged the traders from coming to West Africa.
- Political instability in the region brought about anarchy and insecurity following the fall of empires(collapse of the strong empires)
- The invasion of Songhai by the Almoravids and Tuaregs who spread Islam through Jihads increasing insecurity along trade routes.
- The Moroccan invasion of western Sudan in the 16th century undermined trading activities leading to the destructin of the trading centres
- The growth of Trans-Atlantic Trade attracted some Trans-Saharan Traders thus weakening it.
- The colonization of North Africa and West Africa took over the resources thus weakening it.
- The invasion of North Africa by Turks created insecurity along the trade routes thus undermining the trade.
- The Tuaregs started robbing the traders.
- The abolition of slave trade affecting the trade/anti-slave crusaders
- Increased possession of fire arms intensified warfare between trading centres.
- European trading in the West African Coast and later the penetration to the interior leading to the competition.
- Hostile desert conditions negatively affected the trade. (6x2=12mks) 19.
- Identify three reasons why African slaves were more preferred than other races during the trans-Atlantic trade
-
- Name three advantages of the use of radio over newspaper in modern society.
- It sends messages to distance places in the shortest time possible
- Serves a large number of people at the same time
- It is cheap to use
- Accepted by many as it uses local and foreign languages. (3x1=3mks)
- Explain six contributions of TV to economic development.
- Has promoted business and trade through advertisement.
- Created employment opportunities
- Has generated revenue for the government through taxation.
- Has educated the masses on economic issues
- Colour circuit has enhanced security in business premises.
- Has provided a variety of entertainment through various entertainment programms thus generating income.
- Has facilitated cultural development/borrowing through music and drama. (6x2=3mks)
- Name three advantages of the use of radio over newspaper in modern society.
-
- Outline five factors that led to rise of Shona community before the 19th century
- Availability of strong and flexible warriors
- Availability of strong and able rulers
- Lucrative trade that financed the kingdom
- Agricultural practice that increased food supply in the kingdom
- Availability of water from river Zambezi that help them to carry out their domestic chores easily
- Strategic location hence not easily attacked by enemies. (5x1=5mks)
- Describe the political organization of Asante Empire in the pre-colonial period
- It was headed by King Asantehene who had powers to control all activities within the kingdom
- The kingdom had several metropolitans surrounding the nuclear Kumasi and were ruled by Omanhenes
- The kingdom was unified by Odwira festival hence making the Kingdom to grow compactly.
- The Kingdom had strong warriors that protected the Kingdom against external attacks.
- The Kingdom had smaller vassal states which were captured from other Kingdoms and chiefdoms.
- The vassal state paid tribute to Asantahene. (5x2=10 mks)
- Outline five factors that led to rise of Shona community before the 19th century
-
- Other than Nigeria name other three British colonies in West Africa.
- Ghana
- Gambia
- Sierra leone (3x1=3mks)
- Explain six reasons why the British used Direct Rule in Zimbabwe.
- The indigenous/local political institutions based on Induna system had been destroyed during British occupation of Zimbabwe.
- They desired to control the economy of Zimbabwe to maximize profit.
- To ensure complete control of the Africa/to end African resistance.
- The existence of British South Africa company personnel on the spot which were familiar with the areas.
- The British South Africa company had enough finance to pay administrative officers.
- The Chimurenga appraising 1896-1897 had eroded European confidence in traditional African leadership in the colony. (Past resistance by people of Zimbabwe).
- Other than Nigeria name other three British colonies in West Africa.
SECTION C (30 MARKS)
Answer any two questions
-
- Name three political parties that struggled for independence in Ghana.
- Convection People Party (CPP)
- United Gold Coast Convention.(UGCC)
- National League of Gold Coast (3x1=3mks)
- Explain six factors that contributed to nationalism in Ghana.
- Discontentment of the World War II ex-servicemen.
- The granting of independence of India and Pakistan inspired the Ghanaian nationalist.
- The colonial system of education produced many school leavers who were jobless and frustrated.
- Exploitation of Ghanaian minerals and agricultural produce by British.( Cutting down of cocoa trees angered the people).
- High prices of essential goods in towns
- Africans were denied import and export licenses.(Africans were discriminated while Europeans were granted).
- They were inspired by the Pan-African movement.
- Their morale was boosted by UNO which supported decolonization
- Early introduction of cocoa growing leading to money economy thus enabling social and economic transformation of the people boosting nationalistic activities.
- Better developed transport and communication provided quick and efficient movement of nationalists, information and ideas thus aiding nationalism.
- Characteristic and strong leadership by Nkrumah brought cohesiveness. He became a symbol for the oppressed people of Ghana. (6x2=12mks)
- Name three political parties that struggled for independence in Ghana.
-
- Give five reasons for the failure of the peace settlement after the First World War
- German was wholly blamed for the war and punishment was too harsh and she resented it.
- Interest of the colonized people was not considered by the allies as the colonial benefits were handed over to France and Britain as mandates of league of nation.
- Italy was a major power yet she was given a row deal in the peace settlement as she only got Stria which formerly belonged to Australia.
- Interest of the minority was not considered e .g Australia/German union was disallowed yet the Australians were for it.
- The USA senate did not support it as the USA constitution did not allow commitment to such organization like League of Nation which was proposed by Woodrow. (5x1=5mks)
- Explain five causes of the Second World War.
- Growth of nationalism
- Great depression of 1929-1931
- Violation of Versailles treaty by German
- The policy of appeasement adopted by France and Britain
- The weakness of the league of nation which failed to prevent rearmaments of German
- Rise of dictators in Europe e.g. Adolf Hilter of German
- Formation of alliances by Western Europe which created mistrust.
- Hilters ambition to revive Germans lost glory encouraged him to engage in acts of aggression against several European nation
(5x2=10mks)
- Give five reasons for the failure of the peace settlement after the First World War
-
- Name three founders of Non-Aligned Movement
- Jawaharlal Nehru of India
- Abdel Nasser of Egypt.
- Marshal Tito of Yugoslavia
- Surkano of Indonesia
- Choo-en-lai of china (3x1=3mks)
- Explain six factors that undermined the activities of Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
- Political instability e.g. civil wars i.e in DRC.
- Economic ties with former colonial masters making it so difficult for member state to pursue independent line.
- Border dispute e.g. North and South Korea.
- National interest are placed first before those of NAM
- Lack of adequate funds by member countries due to poverty
- Divided loyalty-some member states are also members of other organization.
- Lack of permanent institution (army) framework to coordinate its activities especially secretariat.
- Breakup of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War destabilized the movement making it appear irrelevant.
- Personality differences between leaders of the member states-Several leaders rejected the radical views of Fidel Castro of Cuba.
- Differences unrelated to the principles of NAM have developed among members. In 1978,at Colombo Summit, several Arab states were keen to see Egypt expelled on the grounds that she signed a separate peace treaty with Israel. A treaty that had nothing with NAM. (6x2=12mks)
- Name three founders of Non-Aligned Movement
Download History Paper 2 Questions and Answers - Momaliche Joint Mock Exams 2021/2022.
Tap Here to Download for 50/-
Get on WhatsApp for 50/-
Why download?
- ✔ To read offline at any time.
- ✔ To Print at your convenience
- ✔ Share Easily with Friends / Students