History Paper 1 Questions and Answers - MECS Pre Mock Exams 2023

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

1. Candidates should answer the questions in English.
2. The paper contains three sections A,B and C

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY.

QUESTIONS

SECTION A (25MKS)
Answer all questions in this section

1. Identify the arm of government that implements the law 1mk
2. State the dispersal point of the river lake nilotes in Uganda before moving to Kenya 1mk
3. Give the name of the warriors among the Luo 1mk
4. Name the missionary who translated the New Testament to Kiswahili 1mk
5. Give two limitations of right to privacy 2mks
6. Give one level of conflict 1mk
7. Identify two functions of Nairobi as an urban centre 2mks
8. State two protection rights of a child 2mks
9. Give two groups that monitor human rights in Kenya other than KNHREC 2mks
10. Give the term of the second Maasai agreement of 1911 1mk
11. Why were Africans not allowed to grow cash crop until 1937? 1mk
12. Give them MAIN recommendation of Fraser Commission report of 1908 1mk
13. Identify two groups that provided education during the colonial period 2mk
14. Name the Asian politician who helped East African Association 1mk
15. Identify two recommendations of Lennox Boyd constitution 2mks
16. State two units of the Kenya Police Service 2mk
17. Identify two functions of the chief justice 2mks

SECTION B( 45MKS)
Answer any three questions

18.                        
    1. Give five reasons for migration of Abagusii into Kenya during pre-colonial period 5mks
    2. Describe the political organization of the Akamba during the pre-colonial period 10mks
19.                          
    1. Give five causes of Somali resistance to British rule in the 19th C 5mks
    2. Explain five effects of Maasai collaboration with the British in early 20th C 10mks
20.                          
    1. state ways through which the colonial government controlled migration of Africans to urban centres 3mks
    2. Explain reasons for rise of independent churches and schools during pre-colonial Kenya 12mks
21.                            
    1. outline ways through which the ex-soldiers of World War 11 contributed to the struggle for independence in Kenya 5mks
    2. Explain five ways in which the Harambee philosophy has promoted the development of education in Kenya since independence 10mks 

SECTION C (30MKS)
Answer any two questions

22.                            
    1. Give five economic responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen 5mks
    2. Explain five factors that undermine National unity in Kenya 10mks
23.                                
    1. Give three reasons why the constitution is important in Kenya 3mks
    2. Explain the functions of the Kenya National Human Rights and Equality Commission 12mks
24.                              
    1. What is the composition of the cabinet in Kenya 3mks
    2. Explain six powers of the President in Kenya 12mks

MARKING SCHEME

1. Identify the arm of government that implements the law 1mk
   • The executive
2. State the dispersal point of the river lake nilotes in Uganda before moving to Kenya 1mk
   • Pubungu Pakwach
3. Give the name of the warriors among the Luo 1mk
   • Thuondi (bulls)
4. Name the missionary who translated the New Testament to Kiswahili 1mk
   • Dr. Ludwig Kraph
5. Give two limitations of right to privacy 2mks
   • Tax inspectors enter a premise for tax collection
   • Health officers for health inspection
   • Security officers search for a person who has committed a crime
6. Give one level of conflict 1mk
   • Individual vs individual
   • Group vs group
   • Individual vs state
   • Group vs state
   • State vs state
7. Identify two functions of Nairobi as an urban centre 2mks
   • Administration centre
   • Transport and communication Centre
   • Tourist centre
   • Commercial centre
   • Residential centre
   • Cultural centre
   • Indusrial centre
   • International centre
8. State two protection rights of a child 2mks
   • Protected from abuse, neglect, harmful cultural practices
   • Protected from violence, inhuman treatment and exploitative labour
   • Not to be detained except as a measure of last resort
9. Give two groups that monitor human rights in Kenya other than KNHREC 2mks
   • Trade union movements
   • Free press/ journalists
   • NGOs
   • Law enforcement officers
   • Civil society groups e.g law society of Kenya
10. Give the term of the second Maasai agreement of 1911 1mk
    • It pushed Maasai from fertile Laikipia reserves to Ngong reserves
11. Why were Africans not allowed to grow cash crop until 1937? 1mk
    • To remove African competition
    • To ensure provision of labour on European farms
    • To prevent spread of diseases from African farms to European farms
    • They claimed Africans did not have the knowledge to undertake large scale farming
12. Give the MAIN recommendation of Fraser Commission report of 1908 1mk
    • It recommended the introduction of racially segregated schools
13. Identify two groups that provided education during the colonial period 2mk
    • The missionaries
    • The colonial government
    • The Asians
    • The Africans
14. Name the Asian politician who helped East African Association 1mk
    • M.A Desai
15. Identify two recommendations of Lennox Boyd constitution 2mks
    • An increase in the number of African elected members from 8 to 14
    • An increase in the number of African ministers to two
    • Introduction of a multi-racial representation in Legco.
    • By providing for 12 specially elected members – 4 from each race.
16. State two units of the Kenya Police Service 2mk
    • Criminal Investigations Department
    • Anti-Stock Theft Unit
    • General Service Unit
    • Traffic Police
    • Police Airwing
    • Anti- Narcortics Unit
17. Identify two functions of the chief justice 2mks
    • Head of the judiciary
    • President of the Supreme Court
    • Chairperson of JSC
    • Swears into office the president and Deputy President
    • Swears in newly admitted advocates of the high court
    • Assigns duties of the judges of the Supreme Court
18.                    
    1. Give five reasons for migration of Abagusii into Kenya during pre-colonial period 5mks
       • Due to population pressure in their original homeland
       • Natural calamities
       • External attacks
       • Internal feuds
       • Outbreak of diseases
       • Spirit of adventure
       • Search for fertile land
    2. Describe the political organization of the Akamba during the pre-colonial period 10mks
       • They had a decentralized political system
       • The basic political unit of the Akamba was the clan
       • The clan was ruled by council of elders
       • They had different age-grades – junior elders who were warriors defending the community
       • Medium elders who assisted in administration.
       • Full elders –Atumia ma kivalo who delivered judgements
       • Senior elders –Atumia ma ithembo- who were involved in religious activities
19.                                  
    1. Give five causes of Somali resistance to British rule in the 19th C 5mks
       • Opposed to the division of Somaliland into British and Italian spheres
       • Somali being muslims were opposed to control by British Christians
       • British attempt to stop Somali from raiding neighbours for cattle
       • Angered by the punitive expeditions sent to their land
       • The British wanted the Somali to stop nomadic lifestyle
    2. Explain five effects of Maasai collaboration with the British in early 20th C 10mks
       • Lenana was made paramount chief of the Maasai
       • The Maasai lost their land to British settlement
       • They were rewarded with material wealth acquired from resisting communities
       • They lost their independence to the British
       • They were hired as mercenaries to pacify resisting communities
       • Disruption of their economy as they lost their cattle
       • They were divided into Maasai of Kenya and Tanzania
20.                                  
    1. state ways through which the colonial government controlled migration of Africans to urban centres 3mks
       • Taking headcount of those supposed to live in urban centres
       • Enacting strict rules about migration into urban centres
       • Ensuring that only those with specific activities to undertake in urban centres lived there
       • Introducing the kipande system
    2. Explain reasons for rise of independent churches and schools during pre-colonial Kenya 12mks
       • To provide education opportunities for Africans
       • To preserve their cultural heritage/ values
       • To sensitize Africans on evils of colonialism- colonial injustices like land alienation, taxation
       • Kenyans were against the westernizing influence of missionaries
       • To create job opportunities for Africans as teachers- missionary education only prepared Africans for low status jobs
       • Africans claimed to have received divine calling- John Owalo
       • Africans were dissatisfied on interpretation of the Christian scriptures
       • There was open discrimination against Africans in the church leadership as most served as altar boys
21.                      
    1. outline ways through which the ex-soldiers of WW11 contributed to the struggle for independence in Kenya 5mks
       • They were instrumental in the formation of MAU MAU movement
       • They trained freedom fighters in war tactics
       • They waged armed struggle against the colonial government
       • They made weapons used in the struggle for independence
       • They dispelled the myth of European superiority
    2. Explain five ways in which the Harambee philosophy has promoted the development of education in Kenya since independence 10mks
       • Funds raised through harambee were used to build education institutions
       • Many needy students were assisted to pay school fees
       • Physical facilities have been constructed/improved using harambee funds
       • Teaching and learning materials have been purchased to improve quality of education
       • Additional staff/ workers in schools have been paid using harambee funds
       • Co-curricular activities have been supported using well-wishers to help exploit talents
22.                            
    1. Give five economic responsibilities of a Kenyan citizen 5mks
       • Participate in development activities
       • Paying taxes
       • Engaging in income generation
       • Protecting the environment
       • Fighting corruption
    2. Explain five factors that undermine National unity in Kenya 10mks
       • Unequal distribution of national resources causing imbalance in economic development leading to disharmony
       • Different religious beliefs causes hatred
       • Tribalism in employment and allocation of resources creates suspicion and hatred
       • Nepotism to help relatives causes disharmony
       • Corruption and bribery leads to mistrust and suspicion
       • Racism based on colour creates suspicion and hatred
       • Gender discrimination causes suspicion
       • Greed for wealth and power causes hatred
23.                              
    1. Give three reasons why the constitution is important in Kenya 3mks
       • It defines the structure/ outlines the functions and powers of various branches of government
       • It clearly states the rights and responsibilities of individuals
       • It spells out the responsibilities of those in power/ limits their authority
       • It ensures equality of all Kenyans
       • It is the basis of all legislations in the country
    2. Explain the functions of the Kenya National Human Rights and Equality Commission 12mks
       • To protect respect for human rights/ develop the culture of human rights in the country
       • To receive complaints about alleged abuses to human rights from citizens
       • To monitor/ investigate and report on the observance of human rights in the country and take appropriate action
       • To promote the protection and observance of human rights
       • To promote gender equality and equity generally
       • To take steps to secure appropriate redress where human rights have been violated
       • To investigate or research on matters of human rights and make recommendations to the state
       • To ensure state compliance with obligations under treaties and conventions relating to human rights
24.                
    1. What is the composition of the cabinet in Kenya 3mks
       • The president
       • The deputy president
       • The attorney General
       • Cabinet Secretaries
    2. Explain six powers of the President in Kenya 12mks
       • Commander in –chief of the Kenya Defence Forces
       • Power to exercise the Executive Authority of the republic
       • Power of mercy – to pardon convicted criminals
       • Power to nominate and appoint or dismiss cabinet secretaries, judges of superior courts and state officers
       • Power to confer honours in the name of the people and the republic
       • Chairperson of the National Security Council
       • Power to declare state of emergency
         NB: Don’t award functions.