History Questions and Answers - Form 2 Mid Term 2 Exams 2021

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

• This paper consists of three Sections A, and B, and C
• Answer all questions in section A and five questions in section B.

QUESTIONS

SECTION A : ( 25 marks)
Answer all the questions from this section in the answer booklet provided

1. Identify one factor that destroys the evidence of archeological traces. (1 mark)
2. State two cultural practices which the Agikuyu acquired form the Gumba. (2 marks)
3. Identify a city state a long the Kenyan coast that was built by the Persians. (1 mark)
4. Identify the probable earliest ancestor of modern man. (1 mark)
5. Identify any two processes that take place during the evolution of man. (2 marks)
6. Mention two social factor that contribute to the pathetic food situation in African continent. (3 marks)
7. State two disadvantages of land enclosure system in Britain during the a agrarian revolution. (2 marks)
8. Identify one method of land reclamation adopted by the ancient Sumerians. (1 mark)
9. State two reasons why early agriculture majority developed a long the river valleys. (2 marks)
10. Identify one problem that the settlers in America faced in their pioneer years during the agrarian  revolution in North America. (1 mark)
11. Give the main reason for the migration of Borana from Ethiopia into Kenya during the second half of the 19^th Century. (1 mark)
12. State the main economic activity of the plain Nilotes during the pre-colonial period. (1 mark)
13. Name two generals of the Portuguese who conquered the coast on behalf of the Portuguese king. 
    (2 marks)
14. Name the missionary society that established a home for freed slaves at the coast in the 19th Century.
    (1 mark)
15. Who is the predecessor of the current chief prosecutor to the international criminal court of justice   (ICC). (1 mark)
16. State two rights of an arrested person in Kenya. (2 marks)
17. State two factors that determine the method of conflict resolution. (2 marks)

SECTION B (45 marks)
Answer any three questions form this section

18.  
    1. State five outcomes of the interaction between the Bantu and the ushites during the colonial period in Kenya (5 marks)
    2. Explain five factors which made migration of communities possible. (10 marks)
19.  
    1. Identify three documentary sources of information on the history of east African coast. (3 marks)
    2. Explain six ways in which Seyyid said promoted trade between East African coast and the outside   world. (12 marks)
20.  
    1. Give five distinctions between man and apes. (5 marks)
    2. Describe culture of man during the new Stone Age period. (10 marks)
21.  
    1. State three functions of the Kambi among the Mijikenda. (3 marks)
    2. Describe the political organization of the Ameru during the pre-colonial period. (12 marks)

SECTION C(30 marks)
Answer any two questions form this section.

22.  
    1. Identify three symbols of national unity. (3 marks)
    2. Explain six reasons why national unity is important. (12 marks)
23.  
    1. State three ways through which rule of law limits freedom of religion. (3 marks)
    2. Explain six rights of Kenyan citizen who has attained voting age. (10 marks)
24.  
    1. State three characteristics of government. (3 marks)
    2. Explain six factors that limit national unity. (12 marks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. Identify one factor that destroys the evidence of archeological traces. (1 mark)
   • Breakages during excavation
   • Weathering / erosion
2. State two cultural practices which the Agikuyu acquired form the Gumba. (2 marks)
   • Circumcision
   • Age set system
   • Ceremonial dance
3. Identify a city state a long the Kenyan coast that was built by the Persians. (1 mark)
   • Zanzibar
   • Lamu
4. Identify the probable earliest ancestor of modern man. (1 mark)
   • Aegyptopithecus
5. Identify any two processes that take place during the evolution of man. (2 marks)
   • Mutation
   • Natural selection / survival for the fittest
   • Isolation
   • Adaptation
6. Mention two social factor that contribute to the pathetic food situation in African continent. (3 marks)
   • High population growth rate.
   • Rural urban migration
   • Spread of diseases & parts e.g. HIV/AIDs pandemic.
   • Wars
7. State two disadvantages of land enclosure system in Britain during the a agrarian revolution. (2 marks)
   • Rural – urban migration as the poor peasants moved to town to work in industries.
   • Landlessness as per farmers became displaced rural folk.
   • Exploitation of the poor peasants by the rich farmers.
   • led to emigration out of Europe to Canada and USA
8. Identify one method of land reclamation adopted by the ancient Sumerians. (1 mark)
   • shade of
   • Basin irrigation
   • Canal irrigation
9. State two reasons why early agriculture majority developed a long the river valleys. (2 marks)
   • presence of fertile silt
   • availability of water
   • Wild indigenous crops germinated along the river valleys.
10. Identify one problem that the settlers in America faced in their pioneer years during the agrarian  revolution in North America. (1 mark) 
    • Many deaths due to diseases and exposure to strange climate. 
    • Hostility from the American Indians.
    • Heavy losses due to lack of knowledge on the suitable crops for the area.
11. Give the main reason for the migration of Borana from Ethiopia into Kenya during the second half
    of the 19^th Century. (1 mark)
    • external attacks
    • Internal conflicts
    • Drought/ famine/ water
    • Pasture
12. State the main economic activity of the plain Nilotes during the pre-colonial period. (1 mark)
    • Pastoralism/ livestock keeping
13. Name two generals of the Portuguese who conquered the coast on behalf of the Portuguese king. 
    (2 marks)
    • Vasco da Gama
    • Francisco de Almeida 
14. Name the missionary society that established a home for freed slaves at the coast in the 19th Century.
    (1 mark)
    • The church Missionary society (C.M.S)
15. Who is the predecessor of the current chief prosecutor to the international criminal court of justice   (ICC). (1 mark)
    • Luis Moreno Ocampo
16. State two rights of an arrested person in Kenya. (2 marks)
    • Right to be informed of the reasons for arrest
    • Right to remain silen
    • right to get legal assistance form an advocate
    • Right to refuse to be forced to make a confession before trail.
    • Right to be brought to court of law within 24 hours after arrest.
    • Right to be released on bond or bail
    • Right to be held separately from persons serving jail term.
17. State two factors that determine the method of conflict resolution. (2 marks)
    • The type of conflict
    • The nature of conflict
    • The magnitude of conflict
    • The level of conflict
18.  
    1. State five outcomes of the interaction between the Bantu and the ushites during the colonial period in Kenya (5 marks)
       • Some cushites were absorbed by the Bantus.
       • There was intermarriage and cultural exchange between the two leading to blood mixing.
       • Introduction concussion to the Bantu.
       • Cushites introduced taboos against eating fish.
       • Southern ushites introduced keeping of the long horned cattle.
    2. Explain five factors which made migration of communities possible. (10 marks)
       • Some communities were friendly hence allowed other to pass the territory.
       • Knowledge of tools and weapons which they used to conquer other communities and for protection.
       • Availability of unoccupied lands
       • Sending spies to inquire about the new lands
       • Lack of political boundaries
19.  
    1. Identify three documentary sources of information on the history of east African coast. (3 marks)
       • Christian topography
       • Greaco-roman documentary
       • Periplus of the Eritrean sea
       • Ptolemy’s geography
       • Kiswahili chromides
    2. Explain six ways in which Seyyid said promoted trade between East African coast and the outside world.  (12 marks)
       • Signing trade agreements
       • Encouraging foreign traders to trade along the east African coat.
       • Invited Indian Banyans to offer credit facilities to the traders.
       • He created a condusive atmosphere for trading
       • Provided security to the traders
       • Established a well organized long distance traders to the interior which provided goods for international trade.
       • Established plantation agriculture
       • Financed some international traders.
20.  
    1. Give fine distinctions between man and apes. (5 marks)
       • Man’s brain capacity is larges than that of apes.
       • Man has culture as opposed to apes
       • Man has straight forehead as opposed to apes who have a sloping forehead
       • Man has well refoned speech unlike the apes
       • Man has the ability to invent unlike apes
       • Unlike apes, man has an upright pasture.
    2. Describe culture of man during the new Stone Age period. (10 marks)
       • Better tools known as micro lithe were made.
       • Better shelters form tree branches and grass were made. Huts were decorated with paintings of animals.
       • Well balanced diet a food comprised game meat, gathered fruits fish and food capes form farms.
       • Man grew crops and kept animals this developed agriculture.
       • Man established permanent settlements.
       • People lived in groups with rules and regulations setting up government.
       • Language for communication
       • Specialized skills e.g. basketry, pottery and iron working development.
       • Trade also developed.
21.  
    1. State three functions of the Kambi among the Mijikenda. (3 marks)
       • They settled disputes
       • They presided over religious ceremonies
       • They blessed the worriors
       • Advised worriors
       • Maintained law and order.
    2. Describe the political organization of the Ameru during the pre-colonial period. (12 marks)
       • The basic political unit among the Ameru was the clan.
       • They were governed by the council of elders.
       • The council of elders were in several levels and the senior council of elders was called Njuri Ncheke.
       • The council of elders solved disputes, blessed worriors and presided over religious ceremonies.
       • Practiced circumcision of boys which was a source of worriors.
       • Had a decentralized system of government.
       • Religious leaders influenced political administration of the Amem e.g. they acted a prophets and also influended political matter.
22.  
    1. Identify three symbols of national unity. (3 marks)
       • National flag
       • National anthem
       • Court of arms
       • Loyalty pledge
    2. Explain six reasons why national unity is important. (12 marks)
       • Peaceful consistence of different tribes and races.
       • Political stability
       • Collective responsibility in times of need.
       • Ensures equal opportunity to all Kenyans
       • Enables a country to develop a sense of national direction.
       • Reduced incidences of fear and power struggle that can led to war.
23.  
    1. State three ways through which rule of law limits freedom of religion. (3 marks)
       • Every religion must be registered by the registrar of societies.
       • Nobody is allowed to use religion to undermine government.
       • Law doesn’t permit religious leaders to force people to go to a place of worship against their will.
    2. Explain six rights of Kenyan citizen who has attained voting age. (10 marks)
       • Form or participate in formation of political parties.
       • Participate in the activities of political party as well as recruit members.
       • Campaign for a political part
       • Free fair and regular elections based on universal suffrage
       • To be registered as a voter and to vote by secret ballot in any election or referendum.
       • To hold elective post or political party offices in accordance with the constitution and the relevant laws.
24.  
    1. State three characteristics of government. (3 marks)
       • Rules
       • Sovereignty
       • Jurisdiction
       • Legitimacy
       • Law enforcement
    2. Explain six factors that limit national unity. (12 marks)
       • Tribalism
       • Religious differences
       • Racism
       • Nepotism
       • Corruption
       • Ignorance