History Questions and Answers - Form 2 Mid Term 2 2022

QUESTIONS

1. Given two aspects of history (2mks)
2. Identify  two archeological sites in Ethiopia (2mks)
3. Identify two reasons why early agriculture developed along river valley (2mks)
4. Outline one early means of communication used by the Kenyan communities in pre colonial period (1 mk)
5. Give two causes of food shortage in developing countries (2mks)
6. State sources of energy used by the ancient communities (2mks)
7. Give two early urban centers in Africa (2mks)
8. What were the advantages of macadam roads (2mks)
9. State the uses of iron in Africa during the iron age (2mks)
10. State three major world industrial powers (3mks)
11. What is urbanization? (1mk)
12. State the reasons that led to Meroes decline (3mks)
13. State three factors that helped the growth the Baganda kingdom (3mks)
14. Discuss the economic organization of the Shona (3mks)

MARKING SCHEME

1. Given two aspects of history (2mks)
   
   • Political history
   • Social history
   • Economic history
2. Identify  two archeological sites in Ethiopia (2mks)
   • Axum, one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in Africa
   • the Awash Valley where Lucy, a hominin who lived around 3.2 million years ago was discovered
   • Tiya, where Middle Stone Age tools and megaliths have been found
3. Identify two reasons why early agriculture developed along river valley (2mks)
   
   • Availability of water for irrigation.
   • Presence of silt/fertile soils.
   • Availability of high population that provided labour and market.
   • Existence of wild crops/indigenous crops.
4. Outline one early means of communication used by the Kenyan communities in pre colonial period (1 mk)
   
   • smoke signals 
   • drums
   • messenger
5. Give two causes of food shortage in developing countries (2mks)
   • political instability
   • war and civil strife
   • macroeconomic imbalances
   • trade dislocations
   • environmental degradation
   • poverty
   • population growth
   • gender inequality
   • inadequate education
   • poor health.
6. State sources of energy used by the ancient communities (2mks)
   • firewood
   • charcoal
7. Give two early urban centers in Africa (2mks)
   
   • Cairo
   • Meroe/Merowe
   • Kilwa.
8. What were the advantages of macadam roads (2mks)
   • They were durable with three layers of small broken stones. 
   • They were cheap to construct using stones as the basic material for construction.
   • They had a smooth motoring surface since the gravel layer was bound together by the weight of vehicles.
   • They were straight hence reduced occurrence of accidents.
9. State the uses of iron in Africa during the iron age (2mks)
   • create tools for agriculture
   • create utensils for everyday life
   • create weapons for protection and conquest
10. State three major world industrial powers (3mks)
    • Unites States of America (USA)
    • Germany
    • Japan
    • China
11. What is urbanization? (1mk)
    • Urbanization is the process through which cities grow, and higher and higher percentages of the population comes to live in the city.
12. State the reasons that led to Meroes decline (3mks)
    • Meroe's economy was also in decline due to the state's inability to sustain a profitable trade with African states when demand for luxury goods and materials from the troubled Roman Empire fell, and trade routes along the Nile were no longer safe.
    • Desertification due to deforestation led to decline of food supply
    • The rise of the Axum the Kingdom which developed East of Meroe denied Meroe access to the red sea causing decline in trade
    • The king of Axum subdued and destroyed Meroe in 350 A.D
    • Desertification due to deforestation led to decline of food supply for her people.
    • Deforestation caused the decline of food supply for her people.
13. State three factors that helped the growth the Baganda kingdom (3mks)
    
    • The Buganda rulers made friends with the British, whom they used to subdue their traditional enemies, such as Bunyoro.
    • The Ganda traditions aided the Kingdom's expansion. Farming was done by women, while carpentry was done by men.
    • Long-distance trade enabled the kingdom to obtain wealth that was used to maintain it, for example, her army was supplied with guns.
    • The region had fertile soils and a favorable climate, which boosted agricultural activity significantly. They were supposed to produce enough food, such as bananas, to feed the population.
    • Had strong, astute, and capable rulers, such as Kabaka Mutesa.
    • Had a powerful, well-equipped army that was loyal to the king.
14. Discuss the economic organization of the Shona (3mks)
    

    Agriculture
    The Shona have traditionally practiced subsistence agriculture. They grew sorghum, beans, African groundnuts, and after the Columbian Exchange, pumpkins; sorghum was also largely replaced by maize after the crop's introduction.[citation needed] The Shona also keep cattle and goats, since livestock are an important food reserve during droughts.
    Mining
    Precolonial Shona states derived substantial revenue from the export of mining products, particularly gold and copper