HISTORY - FORM 3 END TERM 1 EXAMS 2020

SECTION A (25MKS)

Answer all the Questions in this Section.

1. Give two unwritten sources of information on History and Government. (2mks
2. Give two reasons that made the early man to live in groups during the stone age period. (2mks
3. State two ways in which Kenyan communities interacted during the pre-colonial period. (2mks
4. State two roles of the council of elders among the Mijikenda.                                                       (2mks
5. Give the main reason why the early visitors came to the Kenyan coast by 1500 A. D (1mk
6. State two reasons why the Portuguese built Fort Jesus. (2mks
7. Give the meaning of National Integration. (1mk
8. Given one constitutional change enshrined in Kenya’s new constitution promulgated in 2010. (1mk
9. Define the term scramble for Africa.   (1mk
10. State two economic activities that led to European scramble for colonies in Africa. (2mks
11. State two terms of Anglo-German agreement of 1886. (2mks
12. State two reasons why British used Imperial British East Africa Company to administer Kenya. (2mks.
13. Give two reasons why Agiriama were opposed to the British colonial rule. (2mks
14. Name two treaties Lenana signed with the British.   (2mks

SECTION B (45MKS)

Answer all the Questions in this Section.

15. a) State five economic activities of the Boran during the pre-colonial period. (5mks
    b) Describe the social organization of the Maasai during the pre-colonial period.   (10mks
16. a) Give five factors that have promoted industrialization in South Africa. (5mks
    b) Explain five challenges facing modern Urban Centres in Africa. (10mks
17. a) Give five results of collaboration between Buganda and British during the process of collaboration. (5mks
    b) Give reasons why Samori Toure was defeated by French in 1898. (10mks

SECTION C (30MKS)
Answer all the Questions in this Section.

18. a) Give three reasons why National Integration is important in Kenya. (3mks
    b) Explain six factors that undermine National Unity in Kenya.   (12mks
19. a) Identify five characteristics of Human Rights.   (5mks
    b) Explain the importance of United Nations Charter on Human Rights. (10mks

MARKING SCHEME

SECTION A (25MKS

1. Give two unwritten sources of information on History and government.   (2mks
   • Oral tradition                       
   • Archeology/paleontology.   
   • Genetics       
   • Linguists
   • Anthropology
2. Give two reasons that made the early man live in groups during the stone age period (2mks
   • For security
   • For companionship
   • To share resources
   • To help one other
3. State two ways in which Kenyan communities interacted during the pre-colonial period. (2mks
   • Trading
   • Intermarriages
   • Warfare/ Raiding
4. State two roles of council of elders among the Mijikenda. (2mks
   • Settled disputes among the people
   • Acted as final court of appeal on judicial matters
   • Presided over religious ceremonies
   • Declared war on their neighbours.
5. Give the main reason why the early visitors came to the Kenyan coast by 1500 A.D. (1mk
   • To trade
6. State two reasons why the Portuguese built Fort Jesus. (2mks
   • Act as a base for sending expeditions against resisting enemies
   • Storage for weapons
   • Used as watch tower
   • Hiding place against attack by their enemies
   • Place to keep prisoners
7. Give the meaning of National Integration (1mk
   • It is a process of bringing people of different cultures, religion, race together to form a nation
8. Give one constitutional change enshrined in Kenya’s new constitution promulgated in new constitution 2010. (1mk
   • Presidential powers have been reduced
   • Creation of National and County government.
   • Bicameral parliament i.e. Senate and National Assembly
   • Establishment of supreme court.
9. Define the term scramble for Africa.   (1mk
   • It is rush by European powers to establish their spheres of influence in Africa during the last 20 years of 19^th century.
10. State two economic activities that led to European scramble for colonies. (2mks
    • Demand for raw materials following industrial revolution
    • Search for markets for manufactured goods
    • Need to invest surplus capital
11. State two terms of Anglo- German Agreement of 1886. (2mks
    • 16 Km coastal strip was given to Sultan of Zanzibar.
    • Island of Pemba, Mafia, Pate, Zanzibar and Lamu were given to Sultan of Zanzibar.
12. State two reasons why the British used imperial British East Africa Company to administer Kenya. (2mks
    • To minimize cost of administration on British government.
    • British had inadequate man power.
    • Africans were not willing to offer financial support.
13. Give two reasons why Agiriama were opposed to British colonial rule. (2mks
    • Land alienation
    • Imposition of taxes
    • Loss of independence
    • British disrupted their trade activities.
14. Name two treaties Lenana signed with the British.   (2mks
    • Maasai Agreement of 1904
    • Maasai Agreement of 1911

SECTION B (45 MKS)

15.  
    1. State five economic activities of the Boran during the pre-colonial period. (5mks
       - Trading
       - Livestock
       - Hunted wild animals
       - Practised craft
       - Practised fishing.
    2. Describe the social organization of the Maasai during the pre-colonial period. (10mks
       - Family was the lowest social unit made up of father, wives and children.
       - Several families formed a clan
       - People circumcised together formed an age set
       - Warriors defended the community and conducted raids.
       - Believed in a supreme God called Enkai, the creator of universe.
       - Had religious leaders (Laibon) the mediator between people and Enkai.
       - Offered sacrifices to God
       - Believed in existence of ancestral spirits.
16.  
    1. Give five factors that have promoted industrial revolution in South Africa (5mks
       - Availability of many sources of energy to provide power.
       - Availability of mineral resources to sustain the process of industrialization.
       - Good transport network that facilitated movement of raw materials to industries and manufactured goods to the market.
       - Availability of both skilled and unskilled labour.
       - Availability of capital to set up industries
       - Political stability created a conducive environment for industrial growth.
       - Government support to industrial growth which encouraged both local and foreign investment.
17.  
    1. Give five results of collaboration between Buganda and the British during the process of collaboration. (5mks
       - Buganda lost its independence
       - Introduction of Christianity to the people of Buganda by the British – The people of Buganda acquired European goods.
       - Decline of Islamic influence in Buganda due to introduction of Christianity by the British.
       - Buganda was protected against her traditional enemy (Bunyoro)
       - Kabaka got the title His Highness
       - Buganda was used by the British to conquer other communities.
       - Introduction of western Education and medicine to Buganda.
    2. Give five reasons why Samori Touri was defeated by French in 1898 (10mks
       - Samori Toure’s enemies Ahmed Sekur of Tukdor and Tieba of Sikasso cooperated with the French against him.
       - His army became weakened due to lack of food supplies and weapons
       - Samori second empire was difficult to defend as it was open to attacks on all sides.
       - Samori surrended as he was too old and unable to control his army.
       - Samori was blocked from both sides and his capital besieged
       - Samori was cut off from rich gold mines and therefore could not buy more weapons as was cut off from Free town.

SECTION C (30MKS)

18.  
    1. Give three reasons why National Integration is important in Kenya. (3mks
       - Helps people to develop the country
       - Creates peace and harmony
       - Enable people to tackle problems together e.g. drought, famine
       - Enhances political stability
       - Promotes collective responsibility
       - Promotes foreign investment
       - Promotes cultural activities.
    2. Explain six factors that undermine National Unity. (12mks
       - Tribalism
       - Nepotism
       - Religious conflicts
       - Different political affiliations
       - Greed
       - Ignorance
       - Economic disparities/unequal distribution of resources.
       - Formation of tribal associations e.g. Gema
       - Vernacular radio stations.
19.  
    1. Identify five characteristics of Human Rights (5mks
       - Universal, apply to all human beings
       - Are indivisible, one right cannot be applied if the other does not exist.
       -Have limitations, people have to respect others rights if they have to enjoy.
       - Derogation – can be suspended
       - Are inherent, are acquired through development
    2. Explain the importance of United Nations Charter on Human Rights. (10mks
       - Provides global structure through which rights of individuals are protected.
       - Helps to eliminate conflicts as charter ensures human right are protected.
       - Promotes gender equality, gives equal opportunities to both sexes
       - Protects rights of minorities/special/vulnerable group\
       - Reduces poverty as the charter forces the government to facilitate economic development.
       - Encourages government to promote basic health to its citizens.
       - Ensures rights of citizens are not violated through organizations like United Nations Human Rights Commission. (UNHRC)
       - Promotes justice as it ensures all citizens are given fair treatment